Gauna v. Gauna

1 WO [5] 6 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 7 FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA [8] 9 Margaret A Gauna, No. CV-24-00392-TUC-JCH 10 Petitioner, ORDER 11 v. 12 Magdalena Gauna, 13 Respondent. [14] 15 Pro se Plaintiff Margaret Gauna filed a Notice of Removal from Pima County 16 Superior Court seeking to remove an action for the partition of real property, In re Estate 17 of Ernest F. Gauna Jr., Case No. PB202110995, from Pima County probate court. Doc. 1. 18 Plaintiff has also filed an Application for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis. Doc. 2. For 19 the reasons set forth below, the Court will grant Plaintiff in forma pauperis status and 20 remand this action to Pima County Superior Court. 21 I. Application for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis 22 In her Application for Leave to Proceed in Forma Pauperis, Plaintiff asserts that she 23 is unable to pay the filing costs because she is unemployed, and her total monthly income, 24 which consists of retirement, public assistance, and "Ucard insurance benefits," is less than 25 $1,500 a month. Doc. 2 at 1–2. Plaintiff also asserts that she has a negative balance in her 26 bank account, and her monthly expenses amount to nearly her entire monthly income. Id. 27 at 2–5. Finally, Plaintiff explains that she was recently in a car accident and does not have 28 enough money to cover the repairs. Id. at 5. As such, the Court is persuaded that Plaintiff 1 cannot afford the costs associated with filing suit and will grant Plaintiff in forma pauperis 2 status. 3 II. Legal Background 4 A. Statutory Screening of In Forma Pauperis Complaints 5 The Court must screen in forma pauperis complaints and dismiss the case if the 6 Court determines that the action "is frivolous or malicious" or "fails to state a claim on 7 which relief may be granted." 28 U.S.C. § 1915 (e)(2). The Court must "construe pro se 8 filings liberally" and hold them to "less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted 9 by lawyers." Hebbe v. Pliler, 627 F.3d 338, 342 (9th Cir. 2010) (internal quotation 10 omitted). However, "liberally construing" a filing does not mean that it need not comply 11 with the U.S. Code or the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. There are two important rules 12 relevant here. First, removal is only appropriate when it complies with the requirements of [13] 28 U.S.C. § 1441 . Second, the Court must dismiss a complaint when it lacks subject matter 14 jurisdiction. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(h)(3). 15 III. Analysis 16 A. Removal 17 Plaintiff recently filed a separate—seemingly related— complaint before this Court, 18 Gauna v. Gauna, 4:24-CV-00299-RCC, (D. Ariz. Aug. 18, 2024). Plaintiff’s complaint in 19 that case indicated that she intended (or was attempting within that complaint) to remove 20 her Pima County probate court case, as she has attempted to do here. As the Court 21 previously explained, 22 A civil action originally brought in state court, but over which a federal court would have original jurisdiction, "may be 23 removed by the defendant or the defendants, to the district court . . . for the district and division embracing the place where 24 such action is pending." 28 U.S.C. § 1441 (a) (emphasis added). However, Plaintiff is not a defendant and, as explained, the 25 Court does not have original jurisdiction to consider this matter. In addition, in general, "[f]ederal courts do not possess 26 jurisdiction over probate disputes." Kuerschner v. Kuerschner Irrevoc. Trust, No. CV-24-01235-PHX-SPL, 2024 U.S. Dist. 27 LEXIS 131604 , at *1 (D. Ariz. June 12, 2024) (citing Marshall v. Marshall, 547 U.S. 293 , 311–12 (2006)); Wisecarver v. 28 Moore, 489 F.3d 747, 749 (6th Cir. 2007) (quoting Markham v. Allen, 326 U.S. 490, 494 (1946)) ("It is well-settled that 'a 1 federal court has no jurisdiction to probate a will or administer an estate.'"). [2] 3 4:24-CV-00299-RCC, Doc. 8 at *3. 4 Here, Plaintiff is attempting to do exactly what the Court previously told her she is 5 not allowed to do. See id. Not only is a plaintiff not permitted to remove a case that she 6 chose to file in state court, see Shamrock Oil & Gas Corp. v. Sheets, 313 U.S. 100 , 108 7 (1941), but the Court must dismiss due to lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Plaintiff is 8 now attempting to remove a case brought under Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-1211 . Doc. 1-1 at 1. 9 While she indicates that removal is appropriate pursuant to the diversity of citizenship 10 statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1332 , both Plaintiff and Defendant are listed on the Complaint as 11 residents of Tucson (Doc. 1 at 1; Doc. 1-1 at 2). As such, even if removal were proper, the 12 Court would have neither subject matter nor diversity jurisdiction over this case. See also 13 4:24-CV-00299-RCC, Doc. 8 at *2–3 (explaining in Plaintiff’s related case that the Court 14 lacked subject matter jurisdiction over Plaintiff's case brought solely under Arizona Law 15 and diversity jurisdiction over the same defendant named here). 16 B. Leave to Amend 17 If the Court determines that deficiencies in a complaint could be cured by the 18 allegation of other facts, a pro se litigant is entitled to an opportunity to amend a complaint 19 before the dismissal of an action. See Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122 , 1127–29 (9th Cir. 20 2007. However, leave to amend is not required where it would be futile. See 21 AmeriSourceBergen Corp. v. Dialysist W., Inc., 465 F.3d 946, 951 (9th Cir. 2006). Because 22 Plaintiff's removal of this matter is improper, the deficiencies in Plaintiff's filing cannot be 23 cured by amendment. Accordingly, the Court declines to grant Plaintiff leave to amend her 24 pleading. 25 IT IS ORDERED granting Plaintiff’s Application for Leave to Proceed in Forma 26 Pauperis (Doc. 2). 27 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED remanding In re Estate of Ernest F. Gauna Jr., No. 28 PB202110995 to Pima County Superior Court. 1 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED dismissing this matter with prejudice. 2 Dated this 13th day of September, 2024. [4] \ Z HK Ae 6 / / John C. Hinderaker _/United States District Judge [28] -4-