Freedom Foundation v. State of Washington

THE HONORABLE JOHN C. COUGHENOUR [6] UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT [7] WESTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 8 AT SEATTLE 9 FREEDOM FOUNDATION, a Washington CASE NO. C21-5928-JCC non-profit corporation, [10] ORDER 11 Plaintiff, v. [12] STATE OF WASHINGTON, et al., [13] Defendant. [15] This matter comes before the Court on the motion of Washington State Labor Council [16] (“WSLC”) to intervene in this action (Dkt. No. 8). Having thoroughly considered the parties’ briefing [17] and the relevant record, the Court hereby GRANTS the motion for the reasons explained below. [18] I. BACKGROUND [19] In Washington, bargaining units of public employees may democratically choose a union to [20] serve as the unit’s exclusive representative for purposes of collective bargaining with the public [21] employer. RCW 41.56.040. Public employers must “provide the exclusive representative reasonable [22] access to new employees of the bargaining unit.” RCW 41.56.037. [23] On December 21, 2021, Plaintiff Freedom Foundation filed its complaint against several [24] Washington State entities. (See Dkt. No. 1.) Plaintiff asserts that Defendants violate its First [25] Amendment rights by permitting the Washington Federation of State Employees (“WFSE”) [26] 1 union to recruit new Labor & Industry (“L&I”) employees during orientations, but refusing to 2 allow Plaintiff to present a countervailing viewpoint. (Id. at 2.) WSLC, a union organization that 3 represents WFSE, now moves for leave to intervene as a defendant in this action. (Dkt. No. 8 at 4 1.) Defendants do not oppose the motion, (Id. at 1), but Plaintiff does, (Dkt. No. 13.) 5 II. DISCUSSION 6 A. Legal Standard 7 A movant has a right to intervene under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24(a)(2) where 8 (1) the motion is timely, (2) the movant claims a “significantly protectable” interest relating to 9 the property or transaction which is the subject of the action, (3) the movant is situated so that 10 the disposition of the action may as a practical matter impair or impede its ability to protect that 11 interest, and (4) the movant’s interest is inadequately represented by the parties to the action. 12 Wilderness Soc’y v. U.S. Forest Serv., 630 F.3d 1173, 1177 (9th Cir. 2011) (internal quotation 13 marks and citations omitted). In evaluating whether Rule 24(a)(2)'s requirements are met, the 14 Court follows “practical and equitable considerations” and construes the Rule “broadly in favor 15 of proposed intervenors.” United States v. City of Los Angeles, 288 F.3d 391 , 397 (9th Cir.2002) 16 (internal quotation marks omitted). 17 B. Leave to Intervene 18 WSLC’s motion is timely. The case is at an early stage and there is no prejudice to other 19 parties. See United States ex rel. McGough v. Covington Techs. Co., 967 F.2d 1391 , 1394 (9th 20 Cir. 1992) (discussing such considerations in evaluating timeliness). 21 Plaintiff argues WSLC “has no cognizable, or even legitimate, interest” in this case 22 because Plaintiff does not seek to limit WFSE’s right to speak to new employees at orientation, 23 rather, it seeks permission to do the same. (Dkt. No. 13 at 3–4.) But WSLC counters that this 24 argument directly implicates—and could potentially impair—exclusive representatives’ special 25 access rights under RCW 41.56.037 (Dkt. No. 14 at 2–3.) The Court agrees. It further adopts 26 WSLC’s reasoning that a labor organization’s interests are potentially narrower than those of— 1 and thus inadequately represented by—government defendants. (Id. at 4 (citing Allied Concrete 2 v. Baker, 904 F3d 1053, 1068 (9th Cir. 2018) (recognizing labor organization’s interests can be 3 “potentially more narrow and parochial than the interests of the public at large”).) In sum, all 4 four prongs of the applicable test favor WSLC’s intervention. 5 Accordingly, WSLC’s motion to intervene (Dkt. No. 8) is GRANTED. The Court 6 DIRECTS Intervenors to file their proposed answer (Dkt. No. 8-2) within ten (10) days. 7 DATED this 31st day of March 2022. A [10] John C. Coughenour 11 UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE