Carnes v. Dexcom Inc.

[4] 5 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 6 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA [7] 8 CHARLENE ALONZO, individually and Case No.: 24-cv-1485-RSH-VET on behalf of all others similarly situated, 24-cv-1804-RSH-VET [9] 24-cv-1809-RSH-VET Plaintiff, [10] v. ORDER ON MOTIONS TO APPOINT [11] LEAD COUNSEL AND LEAD DEXCOM INC., et al., 12 PLAINTIFF AND FOR Defendants. CONSOLIDATION OF ACTIONS [13] 14 [ECF Nos. 8, 9, 10, 11] [15] OAKLAND COUNTY EMPLOYEES’ 16 RETIREMENT SYSTEMS, et al., individually and on behalf of all others [17] similarly situated, [18] Plaintiffs, [19] v. [20] DEXCOM INC., et al., 21 Defendants. [22] MATTHEW CARNES, individually and [23] on behalf of all others similarly situated, [24] Plaintiff, [25] v. [26] DEXCOM INC., et al., [27] Defendants. [28] 1 Before the Court are four motions to consolidate, appoint lead counsel, and appoint 2 lead plaintiff filed by movants K. George Thampy (“Thampy”), the Oakland County 3 Voluntary Employees’ Beneficiary Association and Oakland County Employees’ 4 Retirement System (collectively, “Oakland County”), the Dexcom Investor Group 5 (“Dexcom Group”), and the National Elevator Industry Pension Fund (“the Pension 6 Fund”). ECF Nos. 8; 9; 10; 11.1 Movants request to consolidate three federal securities 7 class actions, to be appointed as lead plaintiffs, and for their attorneys to be appointed as 8 lead counsel in the consolidated case. 9 Movants Thampy and Oakland County have since withdrawn or filed non10 oppositions to the motions to appoint lead plaintiff and lead counsel. ECF Nos. 13; 16. 11 The Dexcom Group and the Pension Fund oppose each other’s motions. ECF Nos. 14; 12 15. Pursuant to Local Civil Rule 7.1(d)(1), the Court finds the motions presented 13 appropriate for resolution without oral argument. For the reasons below, the Court grants 14 the motions to consolidate and grants the Pension Fund’s motion to appoint lead plaintiff 15 and lead counsel. The Court denies all other competing motions. 16 I. BACKGROUND 17 A. Factual Background 18 The instant actions are federal securities class actions brought on behalf of 19 individuals who purchased or otherwise acquired Defendant Dexcom securities. See 20 Alonzo v. Dexcom Inc., et al., 24cv1485-RSH-VET (“Alonzo”), Oakland County 21 Employees’ Retirement Systems et al. v. Dexcom Inc., et al., 24cv1804-RSH-VET 22 (“Oakland”) and Carnes v. Dexcom Inc., et al., 24cv1809-RSH-VET (“Carnes”) 23 (collectively, the “Related Actions”). 24 Defendant Dexcom Inc. is an “international company that develops, manufactures 25 and distributes continuous glucose monitoring systems for diabetes management.” ECF [27] 1 Unless otherwise specified, all citations to electronic case filing (“ECF”) entries [28] 1 No. 1 ¶ 18. Individual Defendants Kevin Sayer, Jereme Sylvain and Sean Christensen 2 were Dexcom executives during the relevant time period. ECF No. 1 ¶¶ 12–13; Oakland, 3 ECF No. 1 ¶¶ 13–15. Plaintiffs are Dexcom shareholders. ECF No. 1 ¶ 10; Oakland, ECF 4 No. 1 ¶ 11; Carnes, ECF No. 1 ¶ 10. 5 Plaintiffs allege that between 2023 and 2024, Defendants made materially false 6 and misleading statements and engaged in a scheme to deceive the market through a 7 course of conduct that artificially inflated the price of Dexcom’s common stock. ECF No. 8 1 ¶ 40. Defendants’ alleged misrepresentations were directed particularly to Dexcom’s 9 rollout of its G7 continuous glucose monitoring system. Id. ¶ 19. According to Plaintiffs, 10 the truth was later revealed through a press release announcing disappointing financial 11 results for the second quarter of fiscal year 2024. Id. ¶ 4. After the press release, the price 12 of Dexcom’s stock declined 40.66% in a single day. Id. 13 B. Movants 14 Movant the Dexcom Group consists of two individual investors—Thilo Sautter and 15 Gang Bao—and the investment entities Mr. Sautter and Mr. Bao manage and oversee. 16 Joint Declaration of Thilo Sautter and Gang Bao (“Dexcom Group Decl.,” ECF No. 10-3) 17 ¶¶ 3–4. Mr. Sautter is the Director of CUROS Vermögensverwaltungs GmbH 18 (“CUROS”). Dexcom Group Decl. ¶ 3. Mr. Bao makes investments through his business 19 Sunway Trading USA Inc. (“Sunway”) and manages the investments of C-Liu 20 Irrevocable Trust (“C-Liu”), a family trust. Id. ¶ 4. 21 Movant the Pension Fund is a “multiemployer defined benefit pension plan 22 managing more than $4 billion in assets for the purpose of paying benefits to eligible 23 participants and beneficiaries under the terms of the National Elevator Industry Plan of 24 Pension Benefits” based in Newton Square, Pennsylvania. ECF No. 11-1 at 6. 2 25 /// 26 /// [2] 1 C. Procedural Background 2 The Alonzo action was filed on August 21, 2024, the Oakland action was filed on 3 October 8, 2024, and the Carnes action was filed on October 9, 2024. ECF No. 1; 4 Oakland, ECF No. 1; Carnes, ECF No. 1. In all three, Plaintiffs assert claims for: 5 (1) violation of § 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) 6 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder; and (2) violation of § 20(a) of the Exchange 7 Act. ECF No. 1 ¶¶ 55–70; Oakland, ECF No. 1 ¶¶ 62–70; Carnes, ECF No. 1 ¶¶ 55–70. 8 In addition to these class actions, there are two related ongoing derivative actions pending 9 before this Court directed to similar subject matter. Silva v. Sayer et al., 24cv1645-RSH10 VET and Malone v. Sayer et al., 24cv1799-RSH-VET. 11 II. ANALYSIS 12 A. Consolidation 13 The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PSLRA”) governs 14 securities class actions and provides that a decision on consolidation should be made 15 before a lead plaintiff is selected. See Kangas v. Illumina, Inc., No. 23CV2082-LL-MMP, [16] 2024 WL 1587463 , at *1 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 11, 2024); 15 U.S.C.S. § 78u-4(a)(3)(B)(ii) (“If 17 more than one action on behalf of a class asserting substantially the same claim or claims 18 arising under this title has been filed, and any party has sought to consolidate those 19 actions for pretrial purposes or for trial, the court shall not make the determination 20 required by clause (i) until after the decision on the motion to consolidate is rendered.”). 21 Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 42(a), consolidation is appropriate when the 22 actions involve “a common question of law or fact[.]” Fed. R. Civ. P. 42(a). “A district 23 court generally has ‘broad’ discretion to consolidate actions.” Pierce v. Cty. of Orange, [24] 526 F.3d 1190, 1203 (9th Cir. 2008). Here, the Related Actions are all class action 25 lawsuits directed to Defendants’ dissemination of allegedly false and misleading 26 statements, particularly with respect to Dexcom’s launch of its G7 continuous glucose 27 monitoring system. The causes of action asserted in all three actions are identical. No 28 party opposes consolidation. Although there are minor differences in class periods and 1 defendants, the Court does not find that these differences outweigh the interests of 2 judicial economy served by consolidation. 3 The Court concludes consolidation is appropriate under these circumstances. See 4 Hardy v. MabVax Therapeutics Holdings, No. 18-CV-01160-BAS-NLS, 2018 WL 5 4252345, at *1 (S.D. Cal. Sept. 6, 2018) (“‘Courts have recognized that class action 6 shareholder suits are particularly well suited to consolidation pursuant to Rule 7 42(a) because unification expedites pretrial proceedings, reduces case duplication, avoids 8 the need to contact parties and witnesses for multiple proceedings, and minimizes the 9 expenditure of time and money for all parties involved.’”) (quoting Hessefort v. Super 10 Micro Comput., Inc., 317 F. Supp. 3d 1056, 1060 (N.D. Cal. 2018)). 11 B. Appointment of Lead Plaintiff 12 Under the PSRLA, the district court “shall appoint as lead plaintiff the member or 13 members of the purported plaintiff class that the court determines to be most capable of 14 adequately representing the interests of class members.” 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(a)(3)(B)(i). 15 The PSRLA “provides a simple three-step process for identifying the lead plaintiff 16 pursuant to these criteria.” Herrgott v. United States Dist. Court for the N. Dist. of Cal. 17 (In re Cavanaugh), 306 F.3d 726, 729 (9th Cir. 2002). “The first step consists of 18 publicizing the pendency of the action, the claims made and the purported class period.” [19] Id. (citing 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(a)(3)(A)). “In step two, the district court must consider the 20 losses allegedly suffered by the various plaintiffs before selecting as the ‘presumptively 21 most adequate plaintiff’—and hence the presumptive lead plaintiff—the one who ‘has the 22 largest financial interest in the relief sought by the class’ and ‘otherwise satisfies the 23 requirements of Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.’” Id. at 729–30 (quoting 24 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(a)(3)(B)(iii)(I)). “The third step of the process is to give other 25 plaintiffs an opportunity to rebut the presumptive lead plaintiff’s showing that it satisfies 26 Rule 23’s typicality and adequacy requirements.” Id. at 730 (citing 15 U.S.C. § 78u27 4(a)(3)(B)(iii)(II)). 28 /// 1 1. Notice 2 “Pursuant to the PSRLA, the first plaintiff to file suit for a securities class action 3 must provide early notice to the class by publicizing the action.” Sayce v. Forescout 4 Techs., Inc., No. 20-CV-00076-SI, 2020 WL 4207444 , at *5 (N.D. Cal. July 22, 2020). 5 The notice must be published “in a widely circulated national business-oriented 6 publication or wire service” no later than twenty “days after the date on which the 7 complaint is filed” and advise members of the purported plaintiff class: (1) “of the 8 pendency of the action, the claims asserted therein, and the purported class period”; and 9 (2) that “not later than 60 days after the date on which the notice is published, any 10 member of the purported class may move the court to serve as lead plaintiff of the 11 purported class.” 15 U.S.C.S. § 78u-4(a)(3)(A)(i). 12 Here, the Alonzo action—the first of the Related Actions—was filed on August 21, 13 2024. ECF No. 1. Notice was published on the same day in Global Newswire by the law 14 firm Levi & Korinsky, LLP. ECF No. 9-5. The notice identified the purported class 15 period and claims and advised putative class members that they had 60 days from the 16 date of notice—until October 21, 2024—to file a motion to be appointed as lead plaintiff. 17 Id. Each of the Movants filed their motions to be appointed as lead plaintiff within the 18 allotted 60-day period. ECF Nos. 8; 9; 10; 11. 19 For these reasons, the Court concludes the notice requirement has been met and 20 Movants have satisfied the statutory procedural requirements. 21 2. Financial Interest 22 The Court must next determine whether the Dexcom Group or the Pension Fund 23 possesses the “greatest financial stake in the outcome of the case.” In re Cavanaugh, 306 24 F.3d at 729. 25 a. Legal Standard 26 “The PSLRA creates a presumption that the most capable plaintiff is the one who 27 in the determination of the court, has the largest financial interest in the relief sought by 28 the class[.]” Hardy, No. 18-CV-01160-BAS-NLS, 2018 WL 4252345 , at *3 (internal 1 quotation marks omitted); see 15 U.S.C.S. § 78u-4(a)(3)(B)(iii)(I)(bb). To that end, “the 2 district court must compare the financial stakes of the various plaintiffs and determine 3 which one has the most to gain from the lawsuit.” In re Cavanaugh, 306 F.3d at 730 . 4 Neither the PSRLA nor the Ninth Circuit have endorsed any one method of 5 calculating which party has the largest financial interest. See Moreno v. Marathon Digital 6 Holdings, Inc., No. 223CV00470RFBDJA, 2024 WL 1345207 , at *2 (D. Nev. Mar. 29, 7 2024); Hurst v. Enphase Energy, Inc., No. 20-CV-04036-BLF, 2020 WL 7025085 , at *3 8 (N.D. Cal. Nov. 30, 2020). Instead, the Ninth Circuit has advised that “the court may 9 select accounting methods that are both rational and consistently applied.” In re 10 Cavanaugh, 306 F.3d at 730 n.4. 11 In calculating which party has the largest financial interest, courts typically 12 consider the Lax-Olsten factors, which include: “(1) the number of shares purchased 13 during the class period; (2) the number of net shares purchased during the class period; 14 (3) the total net funds expended during the class period; and (4) the approximate losses 15 suffered during the class period.” In re Olsten Corp. Sec. Litig., 3 F. Supp. 2d 286 , 295 16 (E.D.N.Y. 1998); see Water Island Event-Driven Fund v. MaxLinear, Inc., No. 23-CV17 1607-LAB-VET, 2023 WL 8812875 , at *3 (S.D. Cal. Dec. 20, 2023); In re Nutanix, Inc. 18 Sec. Litig., No. 19-CV-01651-WHO, 2021 WL 783579 , at *2 (N.D. Cal. Mar. 1, 2021). 19 “[T]he weight of authority puts the most emphasis” on the fourth factor—“the 20 competing movants’ estimated losses[.]” Bodri v. Gopro, Inc., No. 16-CV-00232-JST, [21] 2016 WL 1718217 , at *3 (N.D. Cal. Apr. 28, 2016) (internal quotation marks omitted); 22 see Water Island, 2023 WL 8812875 , at *3 (“The greatest emphasis is on the 23 approximate losses suffered.”). In calculating losses, courts have employed one of two 24 accounting methods: the First-In-First-Out (“FIFO”) or Last-In-First-Out (“LIFO”) 25 approach. See McGee v. Am. Oriental Bioengineering, Inc., No. 2:12-CV-5476-SVW26 SH, 2012 WL 12895668 , at *3 (C.D. Cal. Oct. 16, 2012). “Under FIFO, the stocks that 27 were acquired first are assumed to be sold first for loss calculation purposes; under LIFO, 28 the last stocks acquired are assumed to be the first sold.” Id. 1 b. Calculation and Aggregation 2 Here, the Parties do not dispute that the Dexcom Group’s losses, in the aggregate, 3 are greater than those alleged by the Pension Fund. The Dexcom Group estimates its 4 members collectively suffered losses of approximately $3,050,439.66 using either a FIFO 5 or LIFO analysis. ECF No. 10-7 at 7. In contrast, the Pension Fund asserts it suffered 6 losses of approximately $2,612,043 (based on a FIFO analysis) or $2,365,766 (based on a 7 LIFO analysis). ECF Nos. 11-5 at 2; 18 at 3. 8 The Parties dispute, however, whether it is appropriate to aggregate the Dexcom 9 Group’s losses. The PSRLA expressly contemplates that a “group of persons” may 10 collectively serve as a lead plaintiff. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(a)(3)(B)(iii)(I). However, the 11 Ninth Circuit has left open the question of whether a “group of persons” may aggregate 12 their financial losses to satisfy the “largest financial interest” requirement. See In re 13 Cavanaugh, 306 F.3d at 731 n.8 (“While a ‘group of persons’ can collectively serve as a 14 lead plaintiff, we are not asked to determine whether a group can satisfy the ‘largest 15 financial interest’ requirement by aggregating losses.”) (internal citation omitted). 16 Courts in the Ninth Circuit differ over the extent to which they will aggregate 17 losses. Some courts “have ‘refused to appoint as lead plaintiff groups of unrelated 18 individuals, brought together for the sole purpose of aggregating their claims in an effort 19 to become the presumptive lead plaintiff.’” Koffsmon v. Green Dot Corp., No. CV 1920 10701 DDP (EX), 2021 WL 3473975 , at *2 (C.D. Cal. Aug. 6, 2021) (quoting In re 21 Gemstar-TV Guide Int'l, Inc. Sec. Litig., 209 F.R.D. 447, 451 (C.D. Cal. 2002)); In re 22 Stitch Fix, Inc. Sec. Litig., 393 F. Supp. 3d 833 , 835 (N.D. Cal. 2019) (“Although there is 23 no controlling authority on point, the clear consensus in our district is that a group of 24 investors who had no pre-existing relationship with one another, and whose relationship 25 and group status were forged only by a lawyer, is not appropriate to be lead plaintiff 26 based on their aggregated losses.”); McGee, 2012 WL 12895668 , at *3 (“[M]any courts 27 have refused to aggregate the losses of a group of unrelated persons so that the group can 28 serve as lead plaintiff.”). 1 Other courts in the Ninth Circuit “have recognized that it is possible for a group of 2 otherwise unrelated investors to band together to represent the class where the group 3 demonstrates that it is a small, cohesive group that is capable of directing the litigation 4 and acting as a zealous advocate for the class.” Frias v. Dendreon Corp., 835 F. Supp. 2d 5 1067, 1073 (W.D. Wash. 2011); see Flannery v. Snowflake Inc., No. 24-CV-01234-PCP, [6] 2024 WL 4008764 , at *3 (N.D. Cal. Aug. 29, 2024) (“Construing the statute to give 7 preference to the single largest-loss plaintiff over the group of persons with the largest 8 loss would be contrary to the fact the Congress chose to allow groups to be appointed 9 lead plaintiff, which necessarily involves aggregating funds.”). 10 Here, rather than take any categorical position on the propriety of aggregation, the 11 Court determines issues with the Dexcom Group’s composition are better addressed in 12 the Court’s Rule 23 analysis. See Mersho v. United States Dist. Court, 6 F.4th 891 , 901 13 (9th Cir. 2021) (“Many district courts have considered the lack of a pre-litigation 14 relationship as part of their adequacy analysis at step two because it may indicate that 15 members may not work together well to vigorously prosecute the litigation or they might 16 not be able to control counsel.”); In re Origin Materials, Inc., No. 2:23-CV-01816 WBS 17 JDP, 2023 WL 8698363 , at *2 (E.D. Cal. Dec. 15, 2023) (“[A] court may scrutinize a 18 plaintiff group’s ‘cohesion’ as part of the adequacy analysis at step two[.]”); Lako v. 19 Loandepot, Inc., No. 821CV01449JLSJDE, 2022 WL 1314463 , at *4 (C.D. Cal. May 2, 20 2022) (permitting aggregation but scrutinizing appointment of a group as lead plaintiff 21 under Rule 23); Xu v. FibroGen, Inc., No. 21-CV-02623-EMC, 2021 WL 3861454 , at *8 22 (N.D. Cal. Aug. 30, 2021) (courts may consider “problems associated with artificial 23 groups in their adequacy analysis, both at step two (which requires a prima facie showing 24 of adequacy) and at step three (which permits competing movants to rebut the first 25 movant’s prima facie showing)”). 26 3. The Dexcom Group 27 Because the Dexcom Group has the largest financial interest in the litigation, the 28 Court must “focus its attention” on the group “and determine, based on the information 1 [it] has provided in [its] pleadings and declarations, whether [it] satisfies the requirements 2 of Rule 23(a), in particular those of ‘typicality’ and ‘adequacy.’” In re Cavanaugh, 306 3 F.3d at 730. The Court addresses each of these requirements, in turn, below. 4 a. Typicality 5 “The purpose of the typicality requirement is to assure that the interest of the 6 named representative aligns with the interests of the class.” Hanon v. Dataproducts 7 Corp., 976 F.2d 497, 508 (9th Cir. 1992). “The test of typicality is whether 8 other members have the same or similar injury, whether the action is based on conduct 9 which is not unique to the named plaintiffs, and whether other class members have been 10 injured by the same course of conduct.” Id. (internal quotation marks omitted). “‘The 11 putative lead plaintiff satisfies the typicality requirement when it has suffered the same 12 injuries as absent class members, as a result of the same conduct by the defendants.’” 13 Kusen v. Herbert, No. 23-CV-02940-AMO, 2023 WL 8171736 , at *6 (N.D. Cal. Nov. 24, 14 2023) (quoting In re Extreme Networks Inc. Sec. Litig., No. 15-CV-04883-BLF, 2016 15 WL 3519283 , at *3 (N.D. Cal. June 28, 2016)). 16 Here, the Dexcom Group contends it meets the typicality requirement in this case 17 because, like all other purported class members, its members invested in Dexcom 18 securities during the class period at allegedly “artificially distorted” prices and were 19 damaged as a result. ECF No. 10-1 at 12; Dexcom Group Decl. ¶ 5. The Pension Fund 20 argues the Dexcom Group does not meet the typicality requirement because all the 21 Dexcom Group’s common stock was acquired pursuant to option contracts after the price 22 of Dexcom’s stock declined. ECF No. 15 at 12.3 23 Here, the Court agrees appointing the Dexcom Group—whose losses are 24 completely attributable to the exercise of option contracts—raises typicality concerns. [26] 3 “A put option gives the holder the right to sell an asset at a certain price [(the strike 27 price)] within a specific period of time.” In re Priceline.com Inc. Sec. Litig., 236 F.R.D. 89, 98 (D. Conn. 2006). “Upon the sale of a put option, the seller, or writer, becomes [28] 1 “Parties who . . . only acquire common stock involuntarily when put options they have 2 written are exercised—are simply differently situated from parties who engage in—and 3 whose losses predominantly derive from—ordinary common-stock transactions.” 4 Jaramillo v. Dish Network Corp., No. 23-CV-00734-GPG-SKC, 2023 WL 5312062 , at 5 *5 (D. Colo. Aug. 16, 2023); see Gelt Trading, Ltd. v. Co-Diagnostics, Inc., No. 2:206 CV-00368-JNP-DBP, 2021 WL 913934 , at *5 (D. Utah Mar. 10, 2021) (“[T]he price and 7 value of a single share of common stock is very different from the price and value of a 8 single call option. The options’ valuable lives are limited, their value is conditional, and 9 there is a large disparity between their price and their potential value.”). If the Court were 10 to appoint the Dexcom Group as lead plaintiff for the entire class, factual issues specific 11 to the Dexcom Group “in determining the precise value of the options—e.g., the 12 maturity, the volatility of the price of the [Dexcom] stock, the level of short term interest 13 rates, and the competitive structure of the market in which the options are traded” could 14 “become the focus of the litigation.” Andrada v. Atherogenics, Inc., No. 05 CIV. 00061 15 (RJH), 2005 WL 912359 , at *5 (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 19, 2005) (internal quotation marks 16 omitted). 17 For these reasons, the Court is not satisfied the Dexcom Group has made a prima 18 facie showing of typicality. See Menashe v. Biogen Inc., No. CV 20-10399JVS(KSX), [19] 2021 WL 5533455 , at *4 (C.D. Cal. Feb. 24, 2021) (reasoning movants “may not have 20 claims typical of the class, particularly owing to the fact that its investors engaged 21 in options trading.”); In re Stitch Fix, 393 F. Supp. 3d at 836 (denying lead plaintiff 22 motion where movant sold only options during class period); Applestein v. Medivation 23 Inc., No. C 10-00998 MHP, 2010 WL 3749406 , at *4 (N.D. Cal. Sept. 20, 2010) 24 (“[B]ecause [movant] traded only in options, the court holds that [movant] should not be 25 appointed lead counsel.”). 26 b. Adequacy 27 Adequacy is determined by resolving “two questions: ‘(1) do the named plaintiffs 28 and their counsel have any conflicts of interest with other class members and (2) will the 1 named plaintiffs and their counsel prosecute the action vigorously on behalf of the 2 class?’” Espinosa v. Ahearn (In re Hyundai & Kia Fuel Econ. Litig.), 926 F.3d 539 , 566 3 (9th Cir. 2019) (quoting Hanlon v. Chrysler Corp., 150 F.3d 1011, 1020 (9th Cir. 1998)). 4 “Under the PSLRA, the district court must essentially do this analysis twice.” Mersho, 5 6 F. 4th at 900. “At step two, it will consider whether the movant has made a prima facie 6 showing of adequacy.” Id. “At step three, it will consider whether competing movants 7 have offered proof that the presumptive lead plaintiff will not adequately represent the 8 class.” Id. A district court has “latitude as to what information it will consider in 9 determining typicality and adequacy.” Id. 10 Here, the Court has multiple concerns as to whether the Dexcom Group would be 11 an adequate lead plaintiff. First, the manner in which the Dexcom Group was formed 12 “raises the specter of a group of unrelated individuals brought together by counsel solely 13 for the purpose of aggregating losses in order to surpass the financial interests of any 14 other applicant.” Frias, 835 F. Supp. 2d at 1074 ; Wasa Med. Holdings v. Sorrento 15 Therapeutics, Inc., No. 20-CV-0966-AJB-DEB, 2021 WL 533518 , at *5 (S.D. Cal. Feb. 16 12, 2021) (“When unrelated investors are cobbled together, the clear implication is that 17 counsel, rather than the parties, are steering the litigation.”). 18 Mr. Sautter and Mr. Bao’s joint declaration confirms there was no pre-existing 19 relationship between group members prior to communication with counsel. Mr. Sautter 20 and Mr. Bao declare they independently consulted with their respective counsel to assess 21 their “financial interests” in the case and subsequently “expressed an interest in working 22 together with other likeminded investors in seeking joint Lead Plaintiff appointment.” 23 Dexcom Group Decl. ¶ 8. The Dexcom Group was then formed after “multiple telephone 24 and email communications” with counsel. Id. Mr. Sautter and Mr. Bao state they then 25 participated in only a single joint telephone call to discuss, among other things, their 26 “strategy for prosecuting the action” and “interests” in doing so “in a collaborative and 27 likeminded manner” before filing their motion. Id. ¶ 10. The Court is wary of appointing 28 a lead plaintiff group that is connected “by nothing more than one joint call[.]” In re 1 Cloudera, Inc. Sec. Litig., No. 19-CV-03221-LHK, 2019 WL 6842021 , at *7 (N.D. Cal. 2 Dec. 16, 2019) (internal quotation marks omitted); Isaacs v. Musk, No. 18-CV-048653 EMC, 2018 WL 6182753 , at *3 (N.D. Cal. Nov. 27, 2018). 4 This is also not a case where any constituent member of the Dexcom Group 5 suffered losses exceeding the interests of the other movants. See Koffsmon v. Green Dot 6 Corp., No. CV 19-10701 DDP (EX), 2021 WL 3473975 , at *3 (C.D. Cal. Aug. 6, 2021) 7 (collecting cases where courts have based their appointment of a lead plaintiff group 8 “upon the fact that one individual member of the proposed group, even standing alone, 9 had a greater financial interest than any other proposed lead plaintiff.”). Here, none of the 10 Dexcom Group’s losses exceed that of the Pension Fund. See ECF No. 15 at 9. Indeed, 11 even were the Court to aggregate the losses of Mr. Sautter and his affiliated entities or 12 Mr. Bao and his affiliated entities together, their losses would not exceed those of the 13 Pension Fund. Id. 14 Second, the Dexcom Group provides little information on how its members would 15 jointly manage the case. Mr. Sautter and Mr. Bao declare that the Dexcom Group is a 16 “small, coordinated group of investors” and that both understand the “importance of joint 17 decision-making.” Dexcom Group Decl. ¶¶ 10–11. However, “[t]hese types of 18 generalities have little or no substance and do not further the position of this otherwise 19 unrelated group of individuals as an adequate class representative.” Frias, 835 F. Supp. 20 2d at 1075; In re Stitch Fix, 393 F. Supp. 3d at 836 (declining to appoint lead plaintiff 21 group where declarations were “conclusory and cursory” and indicated only that the 22 group members had “exchanged a few calls and emails with each other since being 23 introduced by their common lawyer.”); Eichenholtz v. Verifone Holdings, Inc., No. C0724 06140MHP, 2008 WL 3925289 , at *9 (N.D. Cal. Aug. 22, 2008) (“Simply stated, this 25 conclusory declaration has little or no substance.”). 26 For these reasons, the Court is also not satisfied the Dexcom Group has made a 27 prima facie showing of adequacy. 28 /// 1 c. Conclusion 2 Under these circumstances, where the Dexcom Group losses are wholly 3 attributable to the exercise of option contracts and the record is devoid of any pre-existing 4 relationship between the group’s members, the Court denies the Dexcom Group’s request 5 to be appointed as lead plaintiff. 6 4. The Pension Fund 7 The Court next considers whether the Pension Fund qualifies as “the presumptively 8 most adequate plaintiff.” In re Cavanaugh, 306 F.3d at 730 (“If the plaintiff with the 9 greatest financial stake does not satisfy the Rule 23(a) criteria, the court must repeat the 10 inquiry, this time considering the plaintiff with the next-largest financial stake, until it 11 finds a plaintiff who is both willing to serve and satisfies the requirements of Rule 23.”). 12 Here, the Court finds that for purposes of lead plaintiff appointment, the Pension 13 Fund has made a sufficient prima facie showing of typicality and adequacy. The Pension 14 Fund is a single sophisticated, institutional investor with experience participating as a 15 lead plaintiff in at least one other securities class action. See ECF No. 11-1 at 6–7. Like 16 other members of the purported class, the Pension Fund alleges it purchased Dexcom 17 common stuck during the Class Period in reliance upon Defendant’s purported false and 18 misleading statements and suffered damages as a result. There is no indication of any 19 conflicts between the Pension Fund and other class members. Nor is there any evidence 20 that the Pension Fund is subject to any unique defenses. None of the other movants have 21 submitted or pointed to any evidence rebutting the adequacy of the Pension Fund’s 22 representation or the typicality of its claims.4 For these reasons, the Court appoints the [24] 25 4 The only objection the Dexcom Group makes to the Pension Fund is in the Pension Fund’s calculation of financial losses. ECF No. 14 at 15–16. As the Pension Fund [26] explains, however, any alleged “discrepancy” was the result of the Pension Fund using a 27 FIFO methodology rather than a LIFO methodology is calculating losses. ECF No. 18 at 3. The Pension Fund has since submitted briefing calculating its losses under both [28] 1 Pension Fund as lead plaintiff. 2 C. Appointment of Lead Counsel 3 The PSRLA provides that after the court has appointed a lead plaintiff, the lead 4 plaintiff “shall, subject to the approval of the court, select and retain counsel to represent 5 the class.” 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(a)(3)(B)(v). “[I]f the lead plaintiff has made a reasonable 6 choice of counsel, the district court should generally defer to that choice.” In re Cohen v. 7 United States Dist. Court for the N. Dist. of Cal., 586 F.3d 703 , 712 (9th Cir. 2009). The 8 Pension Fund has selected and retained Robbins Geller LLP. ECF No. 11-1 at 8–9. In 9 light of the firm’s lengthy and substantial experience in securities class action litigations, 10 the Court APPROVES the Pension Fund’s choice of Robbins Geller LLP has lead 11 counsel. 12 III. CONCLUSION 13 For the reasons above, the Court ORDERS as follows: 14 1. The Court GRANTS the Movant’s motions for consolidation. The following 15 cases are hereby consolidated for all purposes, subject to the terms of this Order, under 16 Case No. 24-cv-1485-RSH-VET (the “Consolidated Action”): Alonzo v. Dexcom Inc., et 17 al., 24cv1485-RSH-VET, Oakland County Employees’ Retirement Systems et al. v. 18 Dexcom Inc., et al., 24cv1804-RSH-VET and Carnes v. Dexcom Inc., et al., 24cv180919 RSH-VET. 20 2. Every pleading filed in the Consolidated Action shall bear the following 21 caption: 22 IN RE: DEXCOM, INC. CLASS ACTION Lead Case No.: 24-cv-1485-RSH-VET SECURITIES LITIGATION [25] This Document Relates to: [26] ALL ACTIONS [28] 1 3. All future documents filed in connection with the Consolidated Action shall 2 ||be filed under Lead Case No. 24-cv-1485-RSH-VET. All documents previously filed 3 }}and/or served in the Related Actions shall be deemed a part of the record in the 4 || Consolidated Action. 5 4. The Court GRANTS the Pension Fund’s motion for appointment of lead 6 || plaintiff and lead counsel and APPOINTS the Pension Fund as lead plaintiff and Rob 7 Robbins Geller LLP as lead counsel in the Consolidated Action. ECF No. 11. The Court 8 ||denies all other competing motions for appointment of lead plaintiff and lead counsel. 9 || ECF Nos. 8, 9, 10. 10 5. The Pension Fund shall file a consolidated complaint by no later than 11 December 27, 2024. Defendants shall respond to the consolidated complaint by no later 12 January 17, 2025. 13 IT ISSO ORDERED. 14 || Dated: December 13, 2024 Keket C bsxass [15] 16 Hon. Robert S. Huie United States District Judge