Garrett Whittenburg v. Lake County Facility, et al.

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA HAMMOND DIVISION GARRETT WHITTENBURG, Plaintiff, v. CAUSE NO. 2:23-CV-418-TLS-APR LAKE COUNTY FACILITY, et al., Defendants. OPINION AND ORDER Garrett Whittenburg, a prisoner without a lawyer, filed a “Motion to Proceed on Appeal In Forma Pauperis” (ECF 30) and a “Motion Appeal” (ECF 31).1 The Prison Litigation Reform Act requires a prisoner to “‘submit[ ] an affidavit that includes a statement of all assets such prisoner possesses’ and ‘a certified copy of the trust fund account statement (or institutional equivalent) for the prisoner for the 6-month period immediately preceding the filing of the complaint.’” Reyes v. Fishel, 996 F.3d 420 , 424 (7th Cir. 2021) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1915 (a)). Whittenburg indicates he didn’t submit his trust fund account statement or affidavit “because I didn’t know I had to.” ECF 30 at 1. He seeks additional time to obtain the ledgers and “rewrite the original motion” because he allegedly could not request the ledgers until September 8, 2025. It has been more than a month since that date, and Whittenburg still has not submitted an affidavit or his ledgers. The request to appeal in forma pauperis can be denied on that basis alone; however, even if he had submitted the required documents, there are additional reasons to deny it. 1 In addition to seeking leave to proceed on appeal in forma pauperis, the “Motion Appeal” also “ask[s] the court of appeal to appoint [Whittenburg] counsel.” ECF 31 at 1. If Whittenburg wishes to request appointed counsel on appeal, he must file that motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. “An appeal may not be taken in forma pauperis if the trial court certifies in writing that it is not taken in good faith.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915 (a)(3); see Thomas v. Zatecky, 712 F.3d 1004 , 1005– 06 (7th Cir. 2013) (describing “bad faith” as objective frivolousness). In general, “good faith” does not necessarily mean that the plaintiff has subjectively good intentions. Lee v. Clinton, 209 F.3d 1025, 1026 (7th Cir. 2000). Rather, “to sue in bad faith means merely to sue on the basis of a frivolous claim, which is to say a claim that no reasonable person could suppose to have any merit.” Id. Appealing in forma pauperis is also prohibited when a plaintiff sues in “actual bad faith”—for instance when a plaintiff displays dishonesty in court filings. See, e.g., Bastani v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 960 F.3d 976, 978 (7th Cir. 2020) (denying a motion to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal because plaintiff was dishonest as to her financial status and was “talking out of both sides of her mouth”). Whittenburg’s case was dismissed because he acted in actual bad faith throughout the course of the litigation regarding the filing fee. See ECF 25. As relevant background information, Whittenburg filed twenty-seven cases in the Northern District of Indiana between February 13, 2023, and February 27, 2025. He filed an additional four cases between June 12, 2025, and August 6, 2025, bringing his grand total to thirty-one.2 He has appeals pending for eleven of those cases. This case was originally stayed because Whittenburg failed to pay the initial partial filing fee despite updated trust fund ledgers showing he had the funds to do so. Id. “Notably, although the updated ledger showed he had received $1,888.45 since he was originally ordered to pay, he had not made a single payment to the court in any of his cases[.]” Id. at 2. Instead, the ledgers showed he routinely spent significant amounts of money on commissary items and phone cards almost as soon as he received it. “For example, he received $696.20 on January 17, 2024, 2 After he was told he was three-struck, Whittenburg paid the $405 filing fee in full and upfront for the last three cases—one of which was docketed less than a month before the date he signed the instant motion to appeal in forma pauperis—further calling into question his current allegation of poverty. and he spent $567.74 on commissary items the next day. Within two weeks, the total rose to $701.50 spent on commissary items.” Id. Thus, the case was stayed pending receipt of the full $350 arrearage owed. When Whittenburg eventually filed a motion to lift the stay, the court reviewed his updated ledger and determined dismissal was warranted. See id. at 3–8. The ledger showed “Whittenburg’s spending patterns . . . continued unabated despite the clear directions and expectations provided in [previous] orders.” Id. at 5. In sum, from December 5, 2023—the date on which he was granted leave to proceed in forma pauperis and assessed an initial partial filing fee of $96.94—to February 1, 2025—the date his updated trust fund ledger runs through— Whittenburg received $5,819.60 in deposits but paid $0.00 towards this case. Id. at 7. In fact, during that entire time, although he received nearly $6,000 in deposits, he paid less than $400 in total towards all his cases. Id. at n.11. The court found Whittenburg’s arguments—that he was “completely broke”3 and that the Lake County Jail should have taken the funds out of his account the instant they were deposited—to be unpersuasive. Id. at 7. [H]e repeatedly and consistently spent large sums of money almost immediately after receiving it even after this case was stayed. It would be ideal if the Jail immediately withdrew the installment payments upon every single deposit. However, it is Whittenburg’s ultimate responsibility, as the plaintiff in this case, to ensure that his account maintains the funds necessary to actually pay those installments. Id. (citing Lucien v. DeTella, 141 F.3d 773, 776 (7th Cir. 1998) and Newlin v. Helman, 123 F.3d 429, 436 (7th Cir. 1997)). In the end, despite multiple warnings and opportunities to comply, Whittenburg provided “no reasonable explanation for his failure to reserve the money for the payments he owes.” Id. at 8. It was “Whittenburg’s repeated failure to pay what is owed when it is clear he had money to do so” that made dismissal appropriate. Id. (citing 28 U.S.C. 3 In the three months leading up to the filing of his motion to lift the stay alone, Whittenburg received $1,205.35 in deposits. § 1915(e)(2)(A) (“[T]he court shall dismiss the case at any time if the court determines that . . . the allegation of poverty is untrue.”)). Whittenburg acted in bad faith throughout the course of this litigation with regard to the filing fee, so the case was dismissed. Allowing him to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal now would be inconsistent with that determination. In addition to the actual bad faith displayed by Whittenburg described above, the court finds that his arguments are legally frivolous. His notice of appeal (ECF 27) does not identify a valid basis to challenge the court’s findings that led to dismissal. He simply persists in the already rejected assertion that the Lake County Jail is to blame for not immediately removing the deposits from his account, rather than Whittenburg himself for spending that money on commissary items and/or phone cards shortly after it came in. As previously explained, it was Whittenburg’s ultimate responsibility to maintain the funds necessary to pay his fees. See Lucien, 141 F.3d at 776 (“If in a given month the prison fails to make the required distribution from the trust account, the prisoner should notice this and refrain from spending the funds on personal items until they can be applied properly.”). He did not provide a valid reason he failed to do so in any of his filings or in his notice of appeal, nor did he suggest he ever attempted to pay the fees owed on his own.4 His argument against the dismissal of this case is objectively frivolous. See Lee, 209 F.3d at 1026 . For these reasons, the court certifies that Whittenburg’s appeal cannot be taken in good faith. Accordingly, the motions (ECF 30 & ECF 31) are DENIED. SO ORDERED on October 27, 2025. s/ Theresa L. Springmann JUDGE THERESA L. SPRINGMANN UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 4 As noted in footnote two, Whittenburg paid the $405 filing fee in full with the submission of his complaint for his most recent three cases, which were docketed in July and August of 2025. Thus, it is clear he has the ability to submit money directly to the court.