Cestari v. School District of Cheltenham Township

Opinion by Judge Craig, Student Kenneth Cestari appeals from an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County granting summary judgment for the School District of Cheltenham Township on the ground of governmental immunity, as codified in 42 Pa. C. S. §§8541-8542. We reverse and remand. .While competing in a track meeting at Cheltenham High School on April 28, 1981, the student, a pole vaulter, sustained injuries when he foiled to clear the pole and landed with one foot on and one foot oft the landing mat. On April 26, 1983, the student filed a suit against the school district alleging that the district was negligent because, among other things, it had foiled to conform to applicable guidelines relative to the placement and number of mats , and cushions in and about the pole vault pit, and that it had foiled to use, install and maintain the pole vault pit properly. The governing principle is that the trial court may grant a motion for summary judgment only in cases where “the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material facts and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Pa. R.C.P. No. 1035(b). The trial court must determine whether a genuine dispute as to a material fact exists after an examination of the record in a light most favorable to the non-moving party. McCloskey v. Ahington School District, 101 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 110, 515 A.2d 642 (1986). The student contends that the facts averred in his complaint come within the real property exception to *276 governmental immunity, 1 section 8542(b)(3) of the Judicial Code, because (1) the pole vault unit which held the standards was affixed to the districts property, thus becoming realty, and (2) the district was negligent in that it insufficiently protected the pole vault pit with mats. The real property exception imposes liability for negligence which makes government-owned real property unsafe for activities for which it is regularly used, intended to be used or reasonably foreseen to be used. Vann v. Board of Education, School District of Philadelphia, 76 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 604, 464 A.2d 684 (1983). In Brown v. Quaker Valley School District, 86 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 496, 486 A.2d 526 (1984), a student suffered injuries in gym class while practicing on a springboard and vaulting horse. This court held that, because the springboard and the vaulting horse were movable equipment as opposed to fixtures, they did not fell within the real property exception to governmental immunity. The trial court here dismissed the students assertion that the pole vaulting equipment was affixed to the school property and stated that the “assertion is defective as the pole vaulting equipment is in feet movable property as were the spring board and the vaulting horse in the Brown case.” (3) Real Property. — The care, custody or control of real property in the possession of the local agency, except that the local agency shall not be liable for damages [with exceptions not relevant here]. . . . *277 However, unlike the facts in Brown, here there is a factual dispute as to whether the pole vault unit was permanently affixed to the districts property. Moreover, as Judge Barry noted in McCloshey, “it is the opinion of the Court that the question of the intent of the parties makes most decisions on whether fixtures are real estate a matter for a lhct-finder rather than something that can be decided as a matter of law by the Court.” McCloskey at 115, 515 A.2d at 645. Hence, the trial court erred in making a determination on that material factual issue on a summary judgment disposition. Additionally, regarding the students assertion that the district failed to protect sufficiently the pole vault pit with mats, this court has recently decided, in a similar case regarding insufficient mat protection on hardwood floors of a gymnasium, that because “proper gym floor matting is an essential safety element of a gymnasium floor being utilized for a vaulting stunt, it is an aspect within the Districts care, custody and control of its real property, subject to the real property exception.” Singer v. School District of Philadelphia, 99 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 553, 556, 513 A.2d 1108, 1110 (1986). Because proper matting similarly could constitute an essential safety element of the districts grounds being used for pole vaulting, the situation in this case can come within the real property exception. Thus, material issues of fact as to (1) the adequacy of the mat protection on the landing surface, and (2) whether the pole vault fixture was real estate, remain unresolved. Accordingly, we must reverse the common pleas court order granting summary judgment for the district, and we remand this case to that court for further proceedings. *278 Order Now, January 20, 1987, the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County, No. 83-06362, dated September 4, 1985, is reversed and the case is remanded for further proceedings in accordance with the foregoing opiriion. , Jurisdiction relinquished'.