Urological Surgery Professional Ass'n v. Fecteau Benefits Group, Inc.

ORDER DiCLERICO, District Judge. Urological Surgery P.A. (“USPA”), USPA Money Purchase Pension Plan and Trust, USPA Profit Sharing Plan and Trust, and Edward A. Chibaro, M.D., collectively USPA, bring an action against Fecteau Benefits Group, Inc., and William Mann Company, alleging that they breached fiduciary duties owed under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and are liable under both ERISA and state law for contribution and indemnity. The plaintiffs’ claims arise from a separate action brought against them by a former employee, John J. Janei-ro, M.D., that is currently pending in this court. The defendants move to dismiss the claims against them on the grounds that the claims are not ripe and the state law claims are preempted by ERISA. The plaintiffs object to the motions to dismiss and move to consolidate this case with the underlying suit brought against them by Dr. Janeiro. Standard of Review. In considering a motion to dismiss, pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), the court accepts the facts alleged in the complaint as true and draws all reasonable inferences in favor of the plaintiff. Citibank v. Grupo Cupey, Inc., 382 F.3d 29, 31 (1st Cir.2004). The court must determine whether the complaint, construed in the proper light, “alleges facts sufficient to make out a cognizable claim.” Carroll v. Xerox Corp., 294 F.3d 231, 241 (1st Cir.2002). All that is required is a short and plain statement of the claim. See Gorski v. N.H. Dep’t of Corr., 290 F.3d *26 466, 473 (1st Cir.2002) (citing Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002)). Discussion In their response to the defendants’ motions to dismiss, the plaintiffs state that their suit is “an action for contribution and indemnity arising under [ERISA].” They further explain that they seek contribution and indemnification to the extent that they may be found liable to plan participant John J. Janeiro, M.D., in the pending case of John J. Janeiro, M.D., v. Urological Surgery P.A., et al., Civil No. 03-325-PB. The defendants argue that the claims are not ripe for adjudication. USPA mistakenly relies on Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 14 to support its argument that its contribution and indemnification claims are properly raised here. Rule 14(a) provides that “a defending party, as a third-party plaintiff, may cause a summons and complaint to be served upon a person not a party to the action who is or may be liable to the third-party plaintiff for all or part of the plaintiffs claim against the third-party plaintiff.” Rule 14(a) merely provides a procedure to bring a third-party claim in an existing action; the rule does not provide a substantive cause of action for indemnification or contribution. See 6 Charles A. Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, Federal Practice and Procedure § 1448 (1990); see also Z.B. ex rel. Kilmer v. Ammonoosuc Comty. Health Servs., Inc., 225 F.R.D. 60, 61 (D.Me.2004); Brown v. Shredex, Inc., 69 F.Supp.2d 764, 767 (D.S.C.1999). Therefore, Rule 14(a) is inapposite to this case. Generally, a cause of action for contribution or indemnity is not ripe until the plaintiffs obligation to pay in the underlying dispute has been established. See Lear Corp. v. Johnson Elec. Holdings Ltd., 353 F.3d 580, 583 (7th Cir.2003); Lincoln House, Inc. v. Dupre, 903 F.2d 845, 847-48 (1st Cir.1990) (same principle applied in context of contingent RICO claim); Oxford Shipping Co., Ltd. v. N.H. Trading Corp., 697 F.2d 1, 7 (1st Cir.1982); Pardee v. Consumer Portfolio Servs., Inc., 344 F.Supp.2d 823, 836 (D.R.I.2004). In the underlying suit, Dr. Janeiro brought claims against USPA under ERISA, which remain pending. Therefore, USPA’s ERISA contribution and indemnification claims against the defendants are premature and are dismissed without prejudice. USPA also brings a claim for contribution under New Hampshire law. New Hampshire Revised Statutes Annotated § 507:7—f provides that “a right of contribution exists between or among 2 or more persons who are jointly and severally liable upon the same indivisible claim, or otherwise liable for the same injury, death or harm, whether or not judgment has been recovered against all or any of them.” Because USPA’s ERISA claims, which are the basis of subject matter jurisdiction in this case, are dismissed, the court declines to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the state claim. 28 U.S.C. § 1367(c)(3); see also O’Connor v. Commonwealth Gas Co., 251 F.3d 262, 272-73 (1st Cir.2001). Conclusion The defendants’ motions to dismiss (documents no. 6 and 17) are granted. The case is dismissed without prejudice. The plaintiffs motion to consolidate (document no. 13) is terminated as moot. The clerk of court shall enter judgment accordingly and close the case. SO ORDERED.