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Mosby v. Terrell
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FILED United States Treasury Department ) FEB 2 a2009 NANCYMAv ex reI J. Trent Mosby, ) rERWH/TT. u.s. DISTRIIJT~J~~' CLERK ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) Civil Action No. 09 U352 ) ) Duke Terrell et ai., ) ) Defendants. )
MEMORANDUM OPINION
This matter is before the Court on plaintiffs pro se complaint and application to proceed in forma pauperis. The Court will grant the application and will dismiss the complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. I
Plaintiff is a prisoner at the Federal Medical Center in Rochester, Minnesota, suing under the False Claims Act ("FCA"), 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729 et seq. He alleges that Bureau of Prisons Director Harley Lappin and BOP official Duke Terrell have stolen from the Crime Victims Fund by allegedly lying about the amounts deposited to the Fund under 18 U.S.C. § 4048(g), governing the allocation of monies generated from fees prisoners pay for health care services.
The FCA authorizes private persons to bring actions in the name of the Government against persons who have violated § 3729 by either filing a false claim or having defrauded the Government with respect to claims or Government property in certain other ways. See 31 U.S.C. § 3730(b). But "[n]o court shall have jurisdiction over an action under this section based upon the public disclosure of ... transactions in a criminal, civil, or administrative hearing, in a congressional, administrative, or Government Accounting Office report, hearing, audit, or
I "If the court determines at any time that it lacks subject-matter jurisdiction, [it] must dismiss the action." Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(h)(3). *2 investigation, or from the news media, unless the ... the person bringing the action is an original source of the information." § 3730(e)(4)(A). "'[O]riginal source' means an individual who has direct and independent knowledge of the information on which the allegations are based and has voluntarily provided the information to the Government before filing an action under this section which is based on the information." § 3730(e)(4)(B). The original source's knowledge must be "firsthand." Us. ex reI. Davis v. District of Columbia, _ F. Supp.2d. _ , 2008 WL 5332817
- • 3 (D.D.C., Dec. 23,2008). Plaintiffs claim is based on annual reports the BOP Director is required to provide
Congress under 18 U.S.C. § 4048(k) that he obtained through the Freedom oflnformation Act. CompI. at 4. Because plaintiff has alleged no first-hand knowledge about the preparation of the reports, he cannot possibly qualify as an original source. See Rockwell Intern. Corp. v. Us., 594
U.S. 457, 127 S.Ct. 1397, 1405 (2007); Us. ex rei. Davis, 2008 WL 5332817 * 3 ("Knowledge is 'direct' ifit is acquired through the relator's own efforts (i.e., without an intervening agency) ..
. . Knowledge is 'independent' if the relator would have had it absent the public disclosure.") (quoting United States ex rei. Springfield Terminal Rwy. Co. v. Quinn, 14 F.3d 645, 656 (D.C. Cir. 1994)). Thus, the Court lacks jurisdiction over this action, which, in any event, cannot be prosecuted pro se. See Us. ex rei. Lu v. Ou, 368 F.3d 773, 775 (7th Cir. 2004) ("[T]he same policy that forbids litigants ... to be represented by nonlawyers ... is applicable to qui tam suits." (citation omitted); accord Us. ex rei. Fisher v. Network Software Associates, Inc., 377 F. Supp.2d 195 (D.D.C. 2005); Us. ex rei. Rockefeller v. Westinghouse Electric Co., 274 F. Supp.2d 10 (D.D.C. 2003). Accordingly, the complaint will be dismissed. A separate Order accompanies this Memorandum Opinion.
Date: January ~ ff, 2009 United States D~ JU;g~--t14 riet