Vantine v. Vantine

Lahtinen, J. Cross appeals from a judgment of the Supreme Court (McDermott, J.), entered November 5, 2013 in Madison County, ordering, among other things, equitable distribution of the parties’ marital property, upon a decision of the court. *1260 Plaintiff (hereinafter the wife) and defendant (hereinafter the husband) were married in June 2003, had one child together (born in 2004), and the wife commenced this divorce action in December 2010. In May 2011, the husband was directed to pay temporary maintenance of $5,769.23 biweekly and child support of $850 biweekly. Prior to trial, the parties agreed to joint legal custody of the child, primary residence with the wife and liberal parenting time for the husband. A trial ensued as to equitable distribution, maintenance and child support. Considerable conflicting proof was presented as to the values of two businesses, the husband’s 95% interest in the separate property Vantine Imaging, LLC and his 100% interest in the marital property Greek Composites, LLC. Supreme Court awarded the wife $82,525 for Vantine Imaging, representing 2.5% of the increase in value of the husband’s share of the company during the marriage, and $150,000 for Greek Composites, representing 30% of that company’s value as of the commencement of the action. The husband was directed to pay $2,700 per month in child support, 100% of health insurance premiums and related medical costs for the child, and 100% of the child’s college tuition and associated expenses. The wife was awarded $6,700 a month in maintenance for a period of three years. Her application for counsel fees and the cost of expert services was denied. The wife appeals and the husband cross-appeals. The equitable distribution award was within Supreme Court’s discretion. The wife contends that she should have received a larger percentage of the increase in value during the marriage of the husband’s 95% interest in Vantine Imaging. That company was formed in 2000, prior to the marriage, and it essentially continued a photography business that had been in the husband’s family for several generations. It was undisputedly separate property (see Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [1] [d] [1]). “[I]n order for appreciation in the value of this asset to be deemed marital property subject to equitable distribution, the [wife] was required to demonstrate the manner in which her contributions resulted in the increase in value and the amount of the increase which was attributable to her efforts” (Turco v Turco, 117 AD3d 719, 721 [2014] [internal quotation marks, brackets and citations omitted]; see Price v Price, 69 NY2d 8, 17-18 [1986]; Van Dyke v Van Dyke, 273 AD2d 589, 592 [2000]). Supreme Court credited the husband’s expert and found that the value of his interest in Vantine Imaging had appreciated by $3,301,000 during the marriage. However, the court *1261 determined that the husband had a minor role in such appreciation because the company was run by a management team and the husband had limited involvement in the company’s business as he instead pursued his motorcycle racing hobby. The court further found that the wife had made minimal contributions to the husband’s limited involvement in the company. These findings involved credibility determinations by Supreme Court and, deferring to those determinations (see Carlson-Subik v Subik, 257 AD2d 859, 862 [1999]), the record supports Supreme Court’s finding that the wife failed to prove that she was entitled to a larger award, under the circumstances, for the appreciation of the husband’s separate property (see Ellis v Ellis, 235 AD2d 1002, 1004 [1997]). With respect to the parties’ remaining marital property, “[i]t is well established that equitable distribution of marital property does not necessarily mean equal, and Supreme Court has substantial discretion in fashioning an award of equitable distribution” (Lurie v Lurie, 94 AD3d 1376, 1378 [2012]; see Quinn v Quinn, 61 AD3d 1067, 1069 [2009]). Supreme Court set forth adequate reasons for its distribution of the property and we are unpersuaded that it abused its discretion. The wife argues that the award of maintenance was insufficient. “[T]he purpose of maintenance is to provide temporary support while the recipient develops the skills and experience necessary to become self-sufficient” (Armstrong v Armstrong, 72 AD3d 1409, 1415 [2010] [internal quotation marks and citations omitted]). “The amount and duration of a spousal maintenance award is within the sound discretion of Supreme Court, after consideration of the enumerated statutory factors, as well as the marital standard of living” (Roberto v Roberto, 90 AD3d 1373, 1376 [2011] [citations omitted]). Supreme Court detailed the reasons for its award. Among other things, the court discussed the fact that the wife was 44 years old, in good health, had a Bachelor’s degree in German and had worked as a flight attendant. With two semesters of college, she could obtain a teaching certificate, which she indicated an interest in pursuing. Various potential employment opportunities for the wife were apparently available within commuting range. The court characterized the parties’ lifestyle during the short marriage as comfortable and determined that they had lived well within their means. The wife’s contention that she could not return to work because she needed to be available for the child was found unconvincing. The fact that she had an infant at home from a relationship with another man after the parties separated in 2008 was noted. The impact of, among other *1262 things, the distributive awards was considered. Although not every statutory factor was analyzed, nonetheless the court “provide [d] a reasoned analysis for its decision . . . , including a discussion of the factors upon which it relied” (McAteer v McAteer, 294 AD2d 783, 784 [2002] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted]), and the award was within the court’s discretion. We agree with the wife and attorney for the child that the amount of child support should be increased. The husband’s adjusted gross income in 2011 was $902,277 * and the parties do not dispute Supreme Court’s calculation that his pro rata share of basic child support was 91.8%, resulting in an obligation of $21,224 ($1,769 per month) based on the initial $136,000 of combined parental income for one child (17%) (see Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [b] [3] [i]; [c] [2]-[3]). With regard to the income exceeding $136,000, “the court must determine the parties’ child support obligations for that excess amount by considering the so-called ‘paragraph (f)’ factors” (Sadaghiani v Ghayoori, 97 AD3d 1013, 1013-1014 [2012]; see Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [c] [3]; [f]). Although Supreme Court increased child support to $2,700 per month, we find that amount inadequate. The record reflects, among other things, that the child has special needs and emotional health issues that consume considerable amounts of the wife’s time and require additional resources to adequately address, the husband’s income and financial resources far exceed those of the wife, the child participated in various trips, recreational and instructive activities, enjoying a comfortable standard of living, and an additional amount is necessary to keep in place the standard of living that the child would have enjoyed had the marriage continued. Under all the facts and circumstances, the husband’s child support obligation should be $5,000 per month, which reflects the addition of about 5% of the husband’s income over $136,000 (see generally Quinn v Quinn, 61 AD3d at 1072; Bean v Bean, 53 AD3d 718, 725 [2008]). The wife should have been awarded at least part of her counsel fees and expert witness fees. For matrimonial actions such as this one commenced on or after October 12, 2010, there is now a statutory “rebuttable presumption that counsel fees shall be awarded to the less monied spouse” (Domestic Relations Law § 237 [a]; see L 2010, ch 329, §§ 1, 3; ch 415). The wife is clearly the less monied spouse by a significant margin. Although Supreme Court noted that the wife received generous *1263 temporary maintenance, we are unpersuaded under the circumstances that such fact adequately rebuts the presumption that the husband should pay at least a portion of the wife’s fees (see Suppa v Suppa, 112 AD3d 1327, 1329 [2013]; Francis v Francis, 111 AD3d 454, 455 [2013]; Leonard v Leonard, 109 AD3d 126, 129-130 [2013]; see also Armstrong v Armstrong, 72 AD3d at 1416). The matter is remitted for a hearing to determine an appropriate award of such fees. Turning to the husband’s cross appeal, he argues that he was entitled to a credit on the equitable distribution for payment of excess temporary maintenance. Although such a credit may be granted, it is not mandatory, and we find no abuse of discretion (see Fox v Fox, 306 AD2d 583, 583-584 [2003], appeal dismissed 1 NY3d 622 [2004]; see also Johnson v Chapin, 12 NY3d 461, 466 [2009]). The remaining arguments, to the extent preserved, have been considered and are unavailing. Peters, P.J., McCarthy and Lynch, JJ., concur. Ordered that the judgment is modified, on the law and the facts, without costs, by increasing defendant’s child support obligation to $5,000 per month; matter remitted to the Supreme Court for a hearing to determine an appropriate award to plaintiff of counsel fees and expert witness fees; and, as so modified, affirmed. Footnotes [*] His income was reportedly more than 50% higher in 2009 and 2010 than in 2011.