Garza v. Traditional Kickapoo Tribe

PER CURIAM. * Osvaldo Garza, Sr., appeals from the dismissal of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 suit on the defendants’ motion for summary judgment. We affirm. We hold at the outset that the Traditional Kickapoo Tribe of Texas is entitled to sovereign immunity in this damages suit. See Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma v. Mfg. Techs., Inc., 523 U.S. 751, 754, 118 S.Ct. 1700, 140 L.Ed.2d 981 (1998). We further hold that summary judgment was properly granted as to the 42 U.S.C. § 1983 claims against defendants Isidro Garza and Martin, because no constitutional rights of the plaintiff were infringed, as explained below. We find that the defendants were entitled to summary judgment on Garza’s claims that he suffered a deprivation of a property and/or liberty interest. Garza has not established that state law created for him a constitutionally protected property interest. See Bryan v. City of Madison, Miss., 213 F.3d 267, 274 (5th Cir. 2000). Moreover, Garza has not shown that the alleged stigma associated with the termination of his purported contractual agreement foreclosed him from other employment opportunities, see Hughes v. City of Garland, 204 F.3d 223, 226 (5th Cir. 2000), and, therefore, he has failed to establish that he had a protectable liberty interest. We further hold that the defendants were entitled to summary judgment on Garza’s Fourth Amendment excessive force claim, because he has not provided sufficient evidence to show that he suffered an injury, even an insignificant one. See Knight v. Caldwell, 970 F.2d 1430, 1432 (5th Cir.1992). Summary judgment was also appropriate as to Garza’s Fourth Amendment illegal arrest claim and his state law claim of false imprisonment, because there was insufficient evidence that he suffered a significant restraint of liberty as a result of being willfully detained by the defendants. See Duckett v. City of Cedar Park, Tex., 950 F.2d 272, 278 (5th Cir.1992); Fojtik v. Charter Med. Corp., 985 S.W.2d 625, 629 (Tex.App.1999). Finally, we find that defendants were entitled to summary judgment on Garza’s state law claim of assault, because defendant Polhemus, in either his official capacity as a constable or as an employee of the Kickapoo Lucky Eagle Casino, used reasonable force in removing Garza from the casino. See Tex.Crim. Proc.Code Ann. § 15.24; Tex Penal Code Ann. § 9.41(a) (Vernon 2003); Hampton v. Sharp, 447 S.W.2d 754, 758 (Tex.Civ.App.1969). AFFIRMED. Footnotes [*] Pursuant to 5th Cir. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5th Cir. R. 47.5.4.