Rifas v. Gross Baum

Buford, C. J. In this case certiorari was issued to the Circuit Court of Dade County challenging* the legality of the judgment entered in the Circuit Court exercising its appellate jurisdiction on review of the judgment of the Civil Court of Eecord of Dade County. The question attempted to be presented to this Court for review is whether or not the Circuit Court observed the essential requirements of law in reversing the judgment of the Civil Court of Eecord. The order reversing the judgment of the Civil Court of Eecord based the reversal on the ground that the Civil Court of Eecord erred in overruling the demurrer to the declaration and held that the demurrer should have been sustained. The judgment was reversed with directions that further proceedings be had not inconsistent with the opinion. In this case there is no question presented as to the juris-' diction of the inferior court, nor is there any question of the attempted exercise of excess jurisdiction. Unless we are to’ recede from the former holdings of this Court in Brinson vs. Tharin, 99 Fla. 696, 127 Sou. 313; American Rwy. Express Co. vs. Wetherford, 86 Fla. 626, 98 Sou. 820, and Edwards vs. Knight, 100 Fla. 1704, 132 Sou. 459, we must hold that the grievance complained of can not be corrected by the application of certiorari. In First National Bank vs. Gibbs, et al., 78 Fla. 118, 82 Sou. 618, this Court said: *710 the requirements of law.” Jacksonville T. & K. W. Ry. Co. vs. Boy, 34 Fla. 389, 16 South. Rep. 290; 4 Ency. Pl. & Prc. 31 et seq.; Hunt vs. City of Jacksonville, 34 Fla. 504, 16 South. Rep. 398. *709 ‘ ‘ The office of the common law writ of certiorari, when issued to review the proceedings o'f an inferior court, is to bring up for inspection the entire record of the proceedings of such coiirt, in order that the superior court may determine therefrom whether the inferior court acted within its jurisdictional powers, or whether its procedure was essentially regular and in accordance with *710 On writs of certiorari the ultimate adjudication is to quash the judgment co'mplained of or to quash the writ of certiorari. Basnet v. City of Jacksonville, 18 Fla. 523; State v. Live O. P. & G. R. Co., 70 Fla. 564, 70 South. Rep. 550; Benton vs. State, 74 Fla. 30, 76 South. Rep. 341. In this State the writ of certioraii is used to quash illegal judgments, not to assume and complete the adju’dieation of a cause. Ordinarily, the writ of certiorari may not be used to quash a judgment of an inferio'r court unless such judgment is a final adjudication of the cause 11 C. J. 126; 6 Cyc. 755. See also 3 C. J. 585. In all the cases in this State where the writ of certiorari has been used to quash a judgment of a lower court, they have been in cases where the judgment of a trial court has been affirmed by the Circuit Court in appellate proceedings, in which cases the Circuit Court had final appellate jurisdiction. Jacksonville T. & K. W. Ry. Co. v. Boy, 34 Fla. 389, 16 South. Rep. 290; Mernaugh v. City of Orlando, 41 Fla. 433, 27 South. Rep. 34; Seaboard Air Line R. Co. v. Ray, 52 Fla. 634, 42 South. Rep. 714; Malone v. City of Quincy, 66 Fla. 52, 62 South. Rep. 922; Balbontin v. State, 68 Fla. 84, 66 South. Rep. 421; State v. Live Oak P. & G. R. Co., supra. See also Louisvill & N. R. Co. vs. Sutton, 54 Fla. 247, 44 South. Rep. 946. Applications for the writ have been denied oh writs issued were quashed in cases where final judgments to which the writ was sought were not regarded as being in excess o'f jurisdiction or otherwise invalid. Basnet v. City of Jacksonville, supra; Edgerton v. Mayor Green Cove Springs, 18 Fla. 528; Hunt v. City of Jacksonville, supra; Benton v. State, supra; Harrison v. Frink, 75 Fla. 22, 77 South. Rep. 663. See also Ragland v. State, 55 Fla. 157, 46 South. Rep. 724; Halliday v. Plank Road Co., 6 Fla. 304. A judgment on writ of error reversing a judgment and remanding the cause for further proceedings in the *711 lower court is not a final judgment; though an adjudication by an appellate court reversing a judgment o'f a lower court and rendering a proper judgment when permissible by the appellate court may be a final judgment. ’ ’ It appears to us that the law as enunciated in that opinion rules this case. Therefore, the writ of certiorari should be quashed and it is so ordered. Whitfield, Ellis, Terrell and Brown, J. J., concur. Davis, J., dissents.