Faber v. Herdliska

*322 Loring, Justice. Tn an action for death by wrongful act arising out of an automobile accident the defendant had a verdict and has appealed from an order granting a new trial upon errors of law alone. The accident occurred about six o’clock in the evening of July 13, 1933, near the eastern village limits of New York Mills. Faber, the plaintiff’s intestate, was driving easterly on trunk highway No. 2 in a small open car not equipped with a top. The main part of the village of New York Mills is considerably'tq the west of the point where the collision occurred. Faber stopped to allow a boy to alight from his car at a point somewhere near the main part of the village. He then proceeded easterly at a leisurely pace toward the driveway leading north to his ten-acre farm, Avhich was inside the village limits. He was seen by a witness when he had arrived at a point close to this driveway, where it is claimed he gave a signal for the left-hand turn. He attempted to cross the westbound traffic lane and to make the turn to the left into his driveway and collided Avith the left side of the defendant’s car, which was approaching from the east on the northerly side of the highway. It was broad daylight, but the Avestern sky Avas clouded so that there was no sun in the eyes of either driver. The roadway was dry, although a shower occurred shortly after the collision. For more than a block Avest of the intersection Faber had an unobstructed vieAv to the eastward along the highway for over half a mile. The road curves slightly to the south. The cars were in full sight of each other when they were more than three blocks apart. The defendant’s car was approaching the entrance of the Faber driveAvay at fully tAvice the speed at which Faber Avas going. The jury found for the defendant, and the trial court granted a motion for a new trial on the ground that it had erred in not submitting to the jury the question of AAdiether the collision occurred within the residential portion of the village as specified in the traffic act. 1 Mason Minn. St. 1927, § 27204. If, however, the defendant Avas entitled to a directed verdict, error, if any, in the charge would be immaterial, and the order should be reversed and the verdict reinstated. *323 The driveway into which Faber was seeking to turn Avas not a regular highway intersection. It Avas a mere driveway into his ten-acre farm. As he came doAvn the road Faber must necessarily have seen defendant’s car coming rapidly Avestward toAvard the driveway and in the lane of traffic which he must cross in making a left turn into the drive. Faber’s car was an open one with no obstruction, whatever to his vieAv of traffic coming in the opposite direction. The defendant and his passenger testified that Faber gave no signal of a left-hand turn but that as they Avere close to the drive Faber started to SAving across- the road and as defendant attempted to stop his car Faber collided violently with it on its left-hand side. There is no dispute to this evidence except by one Windel, who from a point 500 or 600 feet west of the place of collision claims to have seen Faber extend his left arm when he Avas approaching his drive. Windel’s testimony seems improbable because he claims not to have seen any car approaching from the east, though it must haA^e been in plain sight if he saAv what he claims to haA-e seen. He also said -that he did not see nor hear the collision, which must have taken place almost instantaneously after he claimed to have seen the signal. Where no evidence of the conduct of the deceased,' either direct or circumstantial, appears, there is, of course, in death cases a presumption of due care on his part; but that presumption must yield to evidence. When undisputed credible evidence is received, the presumption vanishes. It does not remain to create an issue of fact as against such evidence. 5 Wigmore, Evidence (2 ed.) § 2491; 1 Greenleaf, Evidence, p. 102; Western & A. R. Co. v. Henderson, 279 U. S. 639, 49 S. Ct. 445, 73 L. ed. 884; Duggan v. Bay State St. Ry. Co. 230 Mass. 370, 119 N. E. 757, L. R. A. 1918E, 680; Hawkins v. Kronick C. & L. Co. 157 Minn. 33, 195 N. W. 766. Circumstantial evidence is sufficient to rebut it. Nelson v. N. P. Ry. Co. 119 Minn. 347, 138 N. W. 419. Here the circumstances alone shoAV conclusively that Faber either failed to look for defendant’s car, plainly visible, or ignored its proximity. It could be seen for nearly half a mile. It Avas coming at 40 miles an hour. The road, a broad, smooth, hard-surfaced trunk highway, Avas very slightly curved so that there was no *324 chance of misapprehending defendant’s speed. Faber was traveling at a slow rate and must have had such control of his car that the slightest diligence on his part would have avoided his running into defendant’s car. This is a much more flagrant case of contributory negligence than was Sorenson v. Sanderson, 176 Minn. 299, 223 N. W. 145, where the collision occurred at a street intersection, not at a driveway. We are of the opinion that Faber was guilty of contributory negligence as a matter of law. Order reversed.