Whitley v. . McIver

*436 Stacy, C. J. On the hearing, the question in difference was made to turn on the construction of the following item in the will of Helen Murphy, late of Wayne County, this State: “Fourth: I give and devise all of my real property, which shall include that which has not been divided, in fee simple to J. Bruce Pate, Georgia Taylor, Yara Mclver, and James Whitley, in equal proportions thereof one-fourth each, but in case of the death of either of them leaving a child or children, I give and devise that portion thereof, its or their ancestor would have taken if living to it or them in fee simple; that if either of them should die without leaving a child or children I give and devise it or their portion or portions therein to the survivor or survivors or to the child or children of the survivor or survivors.” It is conceded that if James Whitley takes a fee simple to the one-fourth undivided interest in the lands thus devised to him, the deed tendered is sufficient, and the correct judgment has been entered, but the feme defendant questions the devise as vesting in James Whitley a fee-simple estate. It will be observed that in the beginning of the devise, the testatrix uses words of inheritance. “I give and devise all my real property . . in fee simple” to the four named beneficiaries “in equal proportions thereof of one-fourth each.” This is the language of the law usually employed to denote a devise in fee simple. Had the will stopped here, there would be no question as to the estate devised. But the testatrix added a further limitation which has occasioned the present controversy. This limitation, however, is by way of substitution, with a view to guarding against a failure by lapse, and is not after the similitude of a remainder or an executory devise. McCullough v. Fenton, 65 Pa., 418. The child or children, survivor or survivors, should they take at all, would take directly from the testatrix, by immediate purchase, and not by descent or as remaindermen. Burden v. Lipsitz, 166 N. C., 523, 82 S. E., 863. The words “I give and devise” are repeated after each contingency, and the portion given is what the original devisee “would have taken if living.” The intention of the testatrix was that a one-fourth undivided interest in the lands should go to James Whitley in fee simple if he survived the testatrix, and if not, it was to go to his child or children, if any, and if he left no child or children, it was to go to the survivor or survivors of the original devisee or their children. Upon the happening of the contingency stated, each succeeding limitation was to be in substitution of the one immediately preceding. Early v. Tayloe, 219 N. C., 363, 13 S. E. (2d), 609. The vesting in any event was to take effect and become absolute at the death of the testatrix. Neubert v. Colwell, 219 Pa., 248, 68 Atl.. 613. *437 As James Whitley survived the testatrix, he takes the interest devised to him in fee simple. Westfeldt v. Reynolds, 191 N. C., 802, 133 S. E., 168; Goode v. Hearne, 180 N. C., 475, 105 S. E., 5. The result is an affirmance of the judgment below. Affirmed.