Rucker & Sheely Co. v. Willey

Clark, C. J. As to the Kramer Realty Company, the rule applicable may be thus stated: “The occupant, and not the owner- or landlord, is ordinarily liable to third persons for injuries caused by failure to keep the premises in repair. But this liability, however, is extended *44 to the landlord where he contracts to repair, as in this case, or lets the premises in a ruinous condition, or where he authorizes a wrong.” 1 Jag-gard Torts, 223, approved in Knight v. Foster, 163 N. C., 329. The contract in this case provided: “If during the term, the demised premises shall be damaged by fire or causes other than the act, default or neglect of the tenant, they shall be repaired by the lessor with all reasonable diligence.” It is true that Dr. Willey had no written lease, because of the fact that he objected to the length of time required, but .his offices were rented to him with the same privileges as the other tenants and he was subject to the same penalties. Besides, as between the landlord and the plaintiff, the obligation to repair was not released by any neglect of Dr. Willey. There being evidence tending to show that this overflow of water was caused by the stoppage of'the water pipes or other defect in the water system- above plaintiff’s store, the jury were warranted in finding that the goods of the plaintiff were injured by the negligence of the Kramer Realty Company. The contract of said company with the tenants provided that it should have the right at all times to enter the premises to make such repairs and alterations as were necessary. It had twice made such repairs for Dr. Willey’s office. It had a janitor in charge of the building and its manager had a key to Dr. Willey’s room and the other rooms in the buildings to supervise them generally, and there was also evidence that the additional plumbing arrangements in Dr. Willey’s office were installed before he moved in, with the permission and supervision of the Kramer Realty Company, under stipulation in the lease that all repairs should be done with its approval and should be the property of the lessor at the termination of the lease. There was further evidence that the water in the building was under the control of the Kramer Company, which had a cut-off on the outside of the building over which the tenants had no control, and that the waste pipes had been there for seven years without being inspected, and the uncontradicted evidence of the plumber was that there was a stoppage somewhere beyond the cuspidor of Dr. Willey, and that the sewerage pipe between Dr. Willey’s room and the toilet room to carry off the water was clogged up. As a part of the agreement between the plaintiff and the Kramer Realty Company was that the latter was to furnish water to the building. The Kramer Realty Company was in control of the water and impliedly agreed to protect its tenants from damages arising from negligence in oversight and control or want of repair of the water system. The landlord is liable to the tenants for damages arising from defect of plumbing when it is controlled by the landlord and he has agreed -in the lease to keep the building in repair. *45 Tbe jury also found that the plaintiff’s goods were injured by the negligence of Dr. Willey, and there was evidence to justify this in the fact that he allowed the water to run through his cuspidor all night, when he did not need it for use and when no one was present to cut it off in case of stoppage in the pipe below. The Kramer Eealty Company was also negligent in its lack of proper oversight through its janitor and manager in not ascertaining that the cuspidor was allowed to run under such circumstances, and that there was such defect in the hose from the cuspidor or in the pipe which, if repaired, would have prevented the destruction of plaintiff’s goods. We think that the court did not err in charging “that if Dr. Willey left the water running that night, or that he installed a system of waste through the rubber hose that was unsafe, such as a reasonably prudent man would not have installed, and that this was the proximate cause of the injury, the jury should find the first issue that the plaintiff was injured by the negligence of the defendant Dr. H. S. Willey.” There was no evidence that the pipe burst from freezing or other cause, without negligence on the part of defendants, but there was evidence that the overflow of the pipes, which resulted in damage to the plaintiff’s goods, was caused by a stoppage in the pipes or defect therein. If so, this stoppage was negligence on the part of the Kramer Eealty Company and in Dr. Willey in permitting the continuous flow of water at night, which justified the jury in finding that the combination was the proximate cause of the injury to the plaintiff’s goods. If such flow had been in the day it could have been discovered in time to prevent damage. There was evidence both that the hose from Dr. Willey’s cuspidor to the connection with the pipe was defective, and that the running of the water all night caused the overflow, which would'not have occurred if he had cut off the water running through his cuspidor when he left his office that afternoon. The stoppage in the pipe would not have caused the overflow if the water from the cuspidor had not been running, and this running of the water, negligent as it was, would not have caused the overflow if there had been no stoppage in the pipe or proper supervision by Kramer Company’s janitor. There was, therefore, evidence which justified the jury in finding that the proximate cause of the damage to the plaintiff’s goods was the negligence of Dr. Willey and the Kramer Eealty Company jointly. The motion to nonsuit was properly refused as to both defendants. We need not discuss the other assignments of error. No error.