Lindsay v. Beaman.

Cook, J. A trial by jury having been waived, tbe issues were found by the Judge. Tbe case is presented for our decision upon exceptions taken by tbe plaintiff to tbe admissibility of evidence. Tbe facts found by bis Honor are fully set out in tbe judgment. The first exception is to tbe admission of tbe record of tbe Superior Court in tbe special proceedings in the case of R. E. Beaman and Charity Bea-mau, petitioners, ex parle, for partition of land, upon tbe following grounds: (1) On tbe ground that the petition was not verified. (2) On tbe ground that tbe judgment was not approved by tbe Judge of tbe Superior Court. (Charity Beaman being an infant and appearing by guardian.) (3) On tbe ground that tbe proceeding bad not been recorded in tbe office of Register of Deeds of Greene County as required by section .... of Tbe Code. (4) On tbe ground that tbe land in controversy is not included in the lands described in the petition in said cause, and therefore the same is irrelevant and incompetent.- (1) We know of no statute which requires tbe petition in a special proceeding to be verified. And if there be such, counsel failed to cite it to the Court. The rules of Tbe Code of Civil Procedure (which are applicable to special proceed *191 ings) do not require any pleading to be verified; but when one plea is verified everv subsequent one, except a demurrer, must be verified also. Secs. 278, 257 and 1923 of Tbe Code. (2) While the final judgment was not approved by the Judge, yet it is binding upon the defendant, E. E. Beaman. He is not under disability and can not complain. As to the infant petitioner, it is invalid only in so far as it may be prejudicial to her interest. Code, sec. 286. It is good so long as it remains unchallenged, which she may do by motion in the cause, and for proper cause shown have it set aside. Those holding title thereunder would do so subject to her legal rights, which may or may not be exercised, which is not materia] to this exception. Eor all other purposes and as to all persons, .other than the infant, it is just as effective and binding as if it had been submitted to and approved by the Judge, and can not be collaterally impeached. (3) And for the purpose of evidence this record of the Superior Court was admissible, notwithstanding it had not been registered in the office of Eegister of Heeds as required by section 1897 of The Code. It obtains no additional verity or authority by reason of such registration, nor is such registration required for the purpose of fixing parties with notice, but simply for convenience in tracing titles, and to keep evidence of titles by purchase under one system and in the same office. (4) The defendant claimed under color of title and introduced the record in the partition proceeding to show color, and it was material to his defence to show that the tract of 100 acres (the one in litigation) was embraced in the record. It was immaterial whether it was set out in the petition, or incorporated in the record, and thus assigned by decree of the Court to defendant, so far as plaintiff’s intestate was concerned ; for it is found as a fact that he was present, together with E. E. Beaman, and it was incorporated with their *192 knowledge and under their supervision; and they are mutually estopped from denying the truth or regularity of the record. A record of partition proceedings is color of title and seven years adverse possession thereunder gives a good title. Bynum v. Thompson, 25 N. C., 578; Smith v. Tew, 127 N. C., 299. And it is immaterial for the purpose of evidence, whether it was registered, or not, in the office of Regis-tra' of Deeds. Partition proceedings are public records of the Superior Court of which all parties have to take notice. Titles are acquired by deeds, but not by partition proceedings. In the case of deeds title passes from owner to purchaser, and to constitute color of title must be registered (Austin v. Staten, 126 N. C., 783), while in partition proceedings between tenants in common no title passes, only the unity of possession is dissolved and title vests in severalty, notice of which is fully given by the record itself — the common source of title resting undisturbed. The other exceptions taken by plaintiff are to the competency of the witness Henry Doring to testify under section 590 of The Code, and the relevancy and materiality of his testimony. ■ We fail to find any error upon'the part of his Honor in overruling these exceptions. Doring was not a party to the action, nor did he have any interest in the event or result, nor can his interest in any way be affected by it; he had derived no interest from, through or under either of the parties to the action, or anyone interested in the result, nor from intestate. It nowhere appears that his evidence contradicted the partition proceedings, or the deed executed to intestate. But it tends to establish the fact that intestate bought the “Nancy Doring” land with the debt due to defendants’ father’s estate, and that it was agreed between intestate and R. E. Beaman that intestate was, to have 65 acres of it and said R. E. Beaman to have the residue, the “100-acre” tract;, *193 and tbe further fact that they caused the 100-acre tract to be incorporated in the report of the commissioners and assigned to defendant, and that immediately thereafter each entered into possession of his respective tract and has had exclusive adverse possession ever since. There is No error.