Anderson v. . Logan

Smith, 0. J., (after stating the case). The correctness of this ruling alone need be considered in disposing of the defendants’ appeal from the final judgment rendered for the-plaintiff. A deed cannot be used to support title to land until it is-proved and registered, and only when this is done does the legal estate pass. This has been repeatedly ruled. Hare v. Jernigan, 76 N. C., 471; Triplett v. Witherspoon, 74 N. C., 475; Rollins v. Henry, 78 N. C., 342. In Carrier v. Hampton, 11 Ired., 307, it was held, that proof *476 •of the death of the subscribing witness, and that the signature is in his handwriting, was insufficient, in not stating -on what ground his opinion was formed, nor by what means a knowledge of the deceased’s handwriting had been acquired. This was overruled in Barwick v. Wood, 3 Jones, 306, and it was declared to be sufficient if the probate shows that -the witness declared, in general terms, that he was “ well acquainted with the handwriting,” without showing how this 'knowledge was obtained; and this ruling is followed in Davis v. Higgins, 91 N. C., 382. Where the evidence upon which the probate is adjudged is set out, and it appears to be essentially defective, the registration is void as such. Howell v. Ray, 92 N. C., 510. Now, it is manifest that there has been not merely an in-sufficient probate, but no probate at all, of the signature of the subscribing witnesses, an indispensable prerequisite. The witness proves his competency to testify to the genuineness of the signatures, arid by supplying the evident •'ellipsis “write,” after the words,”-“having frequently seen ■each of the witnesses,” the means by which he became qualified so to testify, but he does not testify at all to the fact ■that the signatures to the deed are in the handwriting of the parties. There is, therefore, a total failure to prove the execution of -the deed, and the registration was unauthorized and void, .and the admission of the deed as evidence is error. The judgment must therefore be reversed, and a venire de ■novo awarded. Error.