Whitehurst v. . Hyman

Mkkrimox, J. The material part of the statute relied upon *489 by the defendant provides that, “No action shall be brought whereby to charge * * * auy defendant upon a special promise to answer the debt, defavlt, or miscarriage of another person, unless the agreement upon which such action shall be brought, or some memorandum or note thereof shall be in writing and signed by the party charged therewith, or some other person thereunto by him lawfully authorized.” The Code, §1552. It is settled by many judicial decisions in construing this statute, and others substantially like it, that where there is some new and original consideration of benefit or harm moving between the party to whom the debt to be paid is due, and the party making the promise to pay the same, such case is not within the statute; as where a promise to pay an existing debt is made in consideration of property placed by the debtor in the hands of the party promising, or where the party to whom the promise is made relinquishes a levy on the goods of the debtor for the benefit of the promisor, or where the party promising has a personal interest, benefit or advantage of his own to be subserved, without regard to the interests or advantage of the original debtor; as, for example, if a creditor has a lien on certain property of his debtor to the amount of his debt, and a third person who has an interest in the same property promises the creditor to pay the debt in consideration of the creditor’s relinquishing his lien. Such promises are not within the statute, because they are not made “to answer the debt, default, or miscarriage of another person.” It may be, the performance of the promise will have the effect of discharging the original debtor; but such discharge was not the inducement to, or the consideration to support the promise. The moving, controlling purpose of the promisor in such cases is his own advantage, not that of the debtor. It not un-frequently happens that in a great variety of business circumstances it becomes important in a valuable sense to third parties to discharge the debt of a debtor, or relieve his property from *490 liability to the creditor for the benefit of such third parties, without regard to the benefit, ease or advantage of the debtor. The advantage to the third party, the promisor, is a sufficient valuable consideration to support a contract separate from, and independent of, the debt to be discharged. Draughan v. Bunting, 9 Ired., 10; Stanly Hendricks, 18 Ired., 86; Threadgill v. McLendon, 76 N. C., 24; Mason v. Wilson, 84 N. C., 51; 3 Parsons on Cont., 24, 25 and note; Alger v. Scoville, 1 Gray., 391; Fears v. Story, 131 Mass., 47; Williams v. Lepper, 3 Bur., 1,886; Little v. McCarter, 89 N. C., 233. In this case the plaintiff and others bad judgments against one Harrell, and the plaintiff was pressing him by proceedings supplementary to the execution-. The defendant claimed to own, .was in possession of, and had deéds for real and personal property obtained from the debtor Iiarrell; he was summoned to be examined in the supplementary proceedings against Harrell, and was about to be examined as to the character of his title, his indebtedness to Iiarrell, and what he might know about his property-. Under such circumstances he promised the plaintiff and other judgment creditors that he would pay them fifty per cent, of their judgments against Harrell if they would discontinue the proceeding in which he was about to be so examined. The plaintiff and the other creditors accepted the promise, and discontinued the proceedings. There is nothing in the record tending to show that the purpose of the promise was for the benefit of Harrell, or that his advantage was considered at all. It is manifest, as the case appears in the record, that the defendant did not “promise to answer the debt, default, or miscarriage” of Harrell in the sense of the statute. It plainly was not his purpose to do so. He claimed to be the owner of the property sought to be reached by the plaintiff: his title tvas, about to be scrutinized; he, himself, was about to be examined concerning it, and his indebtedness to Harrell. To avoid such scrutiny, to .quiet his title for his own benefit and advantage, he premised to pay, without condition, fifty per cent, of the judgments referred to. *491 It appears that his purpose was to relieve himself and his property from embarrassment or question, to buy his peace, as ho had a right to do, and he is bound to pay the price he agreed to pay for it. Such a consideration is .valuable, and independent of the indebtedness of ITarrell to the plaintiff. He got the advantage he bargained for personal to himself .without regard to Harrell, and he cannot take shelter behind the statute ! The testimony objected to but received by the court was irrelevant and immaterial, and ought to have been excluded. But it was a slight fact, and so foreign to the issue on trial, that it did not probably have any weight with the jury prejudicial to the defendant. We find nothing in the record that leads us to think so, and the exception, though not abandoned, was not pressed in this court. The admission of slight, unimportant, irrelevant and immaterial evidence that does not tend upon its face to prejudice the party complaining, is not ground for a new trial, unless it appears that the party was, in fact, prejudiced by it. There is no error, and the judgment must be affirmed. Let this be certified. No error. Affirmed.