Jefferson v. City of Raleigh

Bbogden, J. The law of this State is that an employer of labor is required to exercise ordinary care in providing employees with reasonably safe methods and means to do the work for which they are employed. Thus, in Noble v. Lumber Co., 151 N. C., 76, it is said: “It is elementary learning that it is the duty of the master to furnish his servant a reasonably safe method, as far as practicable, for doing his work.” Again, in Terrell v. Washington, 158 N. C., 282, it is held: “The master fails to supply a safe place for work if he allows work to be conducted there in a manner needlessly dangerous to servants.” To the same effect is the ruling in Tate v. Mirror Co., 165 N. C., 273, as follows; “Whether it was practical for the defendant to use any other device than a metal pipe for the purpose of insuring safety to its employee, and whether ordinary prudence required the use of it, were questions for the jury, which were properly submitted to them. If the situation called for the use of a different device, and this would have appeared to the ordinarily careful man, under the same circumstances, it was the duty of the defendant to supply it, instead of needlessly subjecting his servant to danger.” The opinion of the Court, quoting from Smith v. Baker, A. C., 325, proceeds: “An employer is bound to carry on his operations so as not to subject those employed by him to unnecessary risk, and he is not less responsible to his workmen for personal injury occasioned by a defective system of using machinery than for injury caused by defect in the machinery itself.” Thomas v. Lawrence, 189 N. C., 521. The trial judge submitted this phase of the case squarely to the jury in the following charge: “It was the duty of the defendant in the exercise of ordinary care to provide its servants and employees with reasonably safe places and safe tools and appliances to work with, and to *482 provide them with reasonably safe methods and means to do the work for which they are employed and in which they are engaged.” In view of the method of cutting the pipe adopted by the defendant, could a reasonably prudent person in the exercise of due care have foreseen that injury was likely to occur? It is not essential that the particular injury could have been foreseen, but that some injury was likely to flow from the method used in performing the work. This principle of liability first announced in Drum v. Miller, 135 N. C., 204, flows through the decisions without a break, but with increasing volume. Hall v. Rinehart, 192 N. C., 706. This phase of the case was also properly presented to the jury by the trial judge. The case of Rogers v. Mfg. Co., 157 N. C., 484, is similar in principle to the case at bar. In that case splinters and pieces of wood flew out of the machine injuring plaintiff. The Court said: “If the flying out of the chip was caused by the absence of the shield or hood, and the jury should further find that this would have been prevented by the use of the shield or hood, and the failure to provide such was want of reasonable care on the part of the defendant, it would be liable.” So, in the present case, if a lighter hammer or hack-saw, or goggles to protect the eyes of the workman, should have been provided in the exercise of that prevision which the law requires, or if a person of ordinary prudence could reasonably foresee or anticipate that injury would likely flow from the method employed, the defendant would be liable. The controverted questions and issues were submitted to the jury under a fair and comprehensive charge, and the judgment is upheld. The defendant excepted to the testimony of one of its witnesses on cross-examination to the effect that goggles had been provided for employees after the injury. Nothing else appearing, this evidence was incompetent. Shelton v. R. R., 193 N. C., 670. But the record discloses that the same witness on direct examination testified that: “The wearing of goggles is not customary and usual in the kind of work in which the plaintiff was engaged at the time of his injury. . . . The wearing of goggles by men working under the circumstances such as the plaintiff was working at the time of the injury would make the work more dangerous, . '. . and it is not practicable to use goggles in work of this kind.” It was, therefore, proper on cross-examination to contradict this witness by showing that, although he contended that the use of goggles was impracticable, still he had thereafter provided goggles for employees. The objection, therefore, to this evidence cannot be sustained. Shelton v. R. R., supra. The record discloses that the cause was tried in accordance with the established principles of law, and the judgment is affirmed. No error.