State v. . Lord

Stacy, C. J. The case presents little more than an issue of fact, determinable alone by the jury. The evidence amply supports the verdict. S. v. Satterfield, 201 N. C., 118, 178 S. E., 466. The first assignment of error seeks to raise the question of jury defect and bias, but the exceptions upon which it is based hardly suffice for the purpose. S. v. Levy, 187 N. C., 581, 122 S. E., 386. There is nothing to show that members of the Negro race were excluded from-the regular panel or the special venire. The trial court found as a fact that they were not excluded from the jury box. The Negroes who were called as prospective jurors from the special venire, which was ordered by the court of its own motion, were challenged by the solicitor for cause, in that they were not freeholders of the county, and the defendant complains that he was thereby deprived of any opportunity to accept or reject any of them. Perhaps every trial lawyer has seen his adversary challenge prospective jurors whom he would like to have serve, but there is nothing he can do about it. The rule works both ways. Nor does it appear whether the remaining Negroes of the special venire were freeholders, or indeed whether any of them were required to be freeholders, depending on whether they were summoned by the sheriff under G. S., 9-29, or drawn from the box pursuant to G. S., 9-30. See G. S., 9-16; G. S., 15-165; S. v. Levy, supra. The defendant also complains because he was required to use one of his peremptory challenges to reject a juror who had formed an adverse opinion of his guilt. The court’s finding of indifferency or impartiality of the juror presents no reviewable question of law. S. v. DeGraffenreid, 224 N. C., 517. Both the challenge to the *356 array and the challenge to the poll were properly overruled., or at least no error has been made to appear in respect of either. The statement made by the defendant to the officers in the nature of a confession was found by the court to have been voluntarily made. This rendered it admissible in evidence. S. v. Biggs, 224 N. C., 23, 29 S. E. (2d), 121. It was not essential to its competency that the officers should have cautioned the defendant that any statement made by him might be used against him and informed him that he was at liberty to refuse to answer any questions or to make any statement and that such refusal could not thereafter be used to his prejudice. S. v. Grass, 223 N. C., 31, 25 S. E. (2d), 193. It is enough that the statement was a voluntary expression. It was made to the officers after the defendant’s arrest, but not on the preliminary hearing. The record is free from reversible error. Hence, the verdict and judgment will be upheld. No error.