Allen v. Town of Reidsville

CLARK, J., dissenting. This is an action brought by two citizens and taxpayers *Page 552 of the town of Reidsville against the town of Reidsville, and the mayor and members of the board of commissioners of said town, and the Southern Public Utilities Company to restrain the holding (515) of an election called for the purpose of approving or disapproving the sale of the electric light plant of Reidsville to the utilities company. The plaintiffs allege, in substance, the ownership of the electric light plant by the town of Reidsville; that the utilities company is a subsidiary corporation of the Southern Power Company, and that these two companies and the American Tobacco Company have stockholders in common; that the defendants' may and board of commissioners, were elected in May, 1917, and that the American Tobacco Company, through its agents and employees, were active in securing their election; that the said mayor and commissioners were nominated at the dictation and instance of the American Tobacco Company, and were elected in large measure by its influence, exerted through its officers, agents, and employees, about one hundred and fifty-five of whom were voters in said election; that prior to the election the said defendants, together with the said utilities company, began to conspire and collude together for the purpose of effecting a transfer of said light company and property to the utilities company at a gross and fraudulent undervaluation; that the defendants refused to furnish prospective bidders for the said property any definite or adequate information as to what property they proposed to sell, and what obligation, if any, they desired the purchasers to assume, and that they evaded advertising competitive bids in any adequate manner; that at a meeting of the defendant board of commissioners on 14 August, 1917, Frank Talbert, and his associates, all reputable parties, submitted a written proposal for the purchase of said property at a price of $50,000; that notwithstanding the fact that the bid of a Talbert and his associates was for $20,000 more than the offer of the utilities company, the defendants accepted the proposition of the utilities company to buy said plant for $30,000; that the terms on which Talbert and his associates agreed to buy said property, and the obligations they agreed to assume, were more favorable to the town of Reidsville and its citizens than those contained in the offer of the utilities company; that the action of the defendants was without any valid reason or excuse, and was arbitrary, unjust, and due to partiality to the utilities company and its allied corporations, and is disregard of the rights of the plaintiffs and other citizens and taxpayers; that on 11 September, 1917, the defendants ordered an election to be held on 23 October, 1917, for the purpose of enabling the citizens of Reidsville to vote upon and approve or reject the *Page 553 said proposition of the utilities company; that the service rendered by the utilities company to the public for the several years had been unreliable and unsatisfactory; that the said contract with the utilities company, under the circumstances and conditions alleged, is a fraud upon the town of Reidsville and its citizens, as well as upon the rights of the plaintiffs; that said contract attempted to be made is fraudulent and void, and if submitted by said mayor (516) and board of commissioners to the voters at an election, will subject the town to needless and unnecessary expense; that if the defendants are allowed to proceed and consummate their scheme of selling the said property and granting a franchise to the utilities company, the plaintiffs will be irreparably damaged, and they demand judgment that a restraining order be issued to prevent the holding of said election, and that the action of the defendants in attempting to sell said property be decreed to be fraudulent and void, and that the same be set aside, and for a permanent injunction. A temporary restraining order was issued upon motion of the plaintiffs, returnable before Judge Harding on 20 October, 1917. The defendants filed answers in which all of the allegations of fraud, collusion, and improper conduct were specifically denied. The defendants further allege that the town of Reidsville is largely a manufacturing community, particularly interested in the manufacture of the products of leaf tobacco, its prosperity and growth being dependent to a large extent upon such enterprises, its payroll of 1 January, 1917, being about $8,000 per week; that for the successful operation and enlargement of the different manufacturing enterprises, it was necessary to have a much larger quantity of electric power than was obtainable from the plant owned by the town of Reidsville; that in order to meet this demand and need for increased power, the Reidsville Commercial and Agricultural Association was formed; that this was a voluntary association of practically all of the business men of the community, which is now supported by the public revenue by authority of the General Assembly; that this association took up the question of the necessity of increasing the supply of electric power; that shortly before this, the Southern Power Company had built a transmission line to Spray and Draper which passed near Reidsville, making available for the first time to the town of Reidsville the only source of hydro-electric power in this section of the State; that in considering the power question, the said association appointed committees to look into the matter to make available to the town the hydro-electric power of the Southern Power Company; that on 3 August, 1915, at a meeting of the directors of said association, together with representative citizens of the town, *Page 554 the manner and means of increasing the electric power was considered; the about a year thereafter the F. R. Penn branch of the American Tobacco Company, which had been engaged in the manufacture of tobacco in Reidsville for a number of years, expressed a desire to make a large addition to its existing plant, provided the necessary hydro-electric power could be obtained, which increased demand for power was equal to or in excess of the capacity of the electric power which the plant of the town of Reidsville was (517) able to furnish, and that this addition to the plant of the Penn Company would increase the payroll of the town of Reidsville $10,000 per week; that the plant of the town, of Reidsville has the capacity of some two hundred and twenty-five horsepower, which was totally inadequate for the needs of the town, its citizens, and various enterprises; that under these conditions there was a division of opinion as to whether it was best to sell the plant or to purchase the necessary power from the Southern Power Company; that upon investigation it developed that in order to buy the power of the Southern Power Company for sale and distribution it would be necessary for the town to install and equip a transformer at a cost of approximately $30,000; that these matters continued to be the subject of discussion and agitation, not only among the members of the board of commissioners, but upon the streets of the town and the local newspapers, until finally it became the controlling and decisive issue in the election of May, 1917, at which the present board of commissioners and mayor were elected, the issue being whether the town should retain its plant, build the transformer station, and secure the power of the Southern Power Company for sale and distribution, or whether it should sell its plant and grant a franchise to the Southern Public Utilities Company and let that company supply the needed power, and upon this issue the present board of commissioners and mayor were elected by a majority of one hundred and sixty-nine votes; that the R. P. Richardson, Jr., Company is engaged in the manufacture of tobacco in the town of Reidsville, and that they will have serious competition in the purchase of its leaf supply as well as in the employment of labor in the event the manufacturing enterprises of the town are substantially increased, especially will the addition of the Penn factory tend to produce this effect, and as the defendants are advised and believe, the president of the company, and one of its largest stockholders, R. P. Richardson, has a selfish interest in retaining the existing conditions of labor and tobacco; that the said Richardson has been the chief actor in opposing the plan proposed by the said board of commissioners and in submitting the proposition of the said Talbert and *Page 555 his associates, which these defendants allege was not made in good faith. That in passing upon the merits of the two propositions, and in declining the proposition of the plaintiffs and accepting the proposition of the Southern Public Utilities Company, they were influenced, in addition to the matters and things hereinbefore set out by the following reasons: 1. That they are advised and believed, and still believe, that the proposition accepted was better for the town of Reidsville and its various industries, and especially so for that it would insure a more continuous, reliable, and ample supply of power at a cheaper rate. 2. That the proposition of the plaintiffs was signed by a number of individuals and one corporation. Only one of (518) said individuals so signing being a resident of the State of North Carolina, and he was known to the defendants to possess limited means. That the local corporation signing same was a tobacco company, chartered in the State of New Jersey, and as defendants were advised and believe, said corporation had no charter power to engage in the business of furnishing light and power as proposed, and the proposition itself expressly stated that if accepted, they would organize themselves into a corporation without indicating the amount of proposed capital stock or financial responsibility of the contemplated corporation. 3. That these defendants did not then, and do not now, believe that the proposition to the plaintiffs was submitted in good faith with a view to have same approved by the people at an election, if accepted, and they were confirmed in this belief by the statement of R. P. Richardson, chief actor and moving spirit in same, made at the time of submitting the proposition, that if they accepted his proposition he would oppose the approval thereof by the people at an election to be held for that purpose. 4. That the bidders stated, in submitting their proposition, that if the same was accepted and approved at an election that it would require twelve months thereafter to install the necessary machinery and appliances, and owing to existing war conditions, those defendants did not believe that they would be able to purchase and install the machinery even in that time. Whereas, the Southern Public Utilities Company stipulated and agreed, if awarded the contract, to install and begin furnishing power within ninety days. 5. That the bidders' proposition contemplated installing a large steam plant, the operation of which would be dependent solely upon the use of coal, and no auxiliary plant to supply light and power in *Page 556 case of the accident, break-down, or interference of the main plant; whereas, the Southern Public Utilities Company stipulated to furnish hydro-electric power, and also to maintain an auxiliary steam plant; that the element of uncertainty in obtaining continuous power and light generated solely from coal was emphasized by the fact that these defendants have not been able to secure coal from the mines sufficient, at all times, to operate this present small plant, occasioned by the interruption of railroad facilities in handling coal since this country entered the war. 6. That the controlling issue in the campaign at which these defendants were elected was as to whether or not the town of Reidsville should sell its plant to the Southern Public Utilities Company and contract with them for hydro-electric power; that the merits of this proposition were discussed in public meetings among the people before the election, and some of the plaintiffs made public speeches advising the people against the election of the present board (519) of commissioners to prevent said sale and contract. That the voters overwhelmingly elected the present board upon that issue, and with this mandate fresh from the electorate, these defendants, as the chosen servants of the people, took up and negotiated in good faith with the Southern Public Utilities Company the contract and sale referred to. That after careful, honest, and faithful consideration of the matter, they sold said plant and property to, and made a contract with, the Southern Public Utilities Company, subject to the approval thereof by the people in accordance with subsection 6 of Section 2916 of the Revisal, as amended by the acts of 1917. 7. That these defendants were and are in no wise interested in the personal animosity existing in the mind of the president of the R. P. Richardson, Jr. Company, Inc., against the American Tobacco Company, arising out of the fact that they are and have been in the past business rivals, but were desirous of encouraging the development of all manufacturies, and furnishing of all necessary power for their operation, and the consequent increased demand for a larger number of employees at good wages. The Public Utilities Company filed a separate answer, which is substantially as hereinbefore set forth, except that in addition thereto it stated that it did not desire to go into a community where there was a division of sentiment, and offered to cancel and rescind the said proposition to sell said plant to it, and it renewed this offer in this court. Affidavits were filed in behalf of the plaintiffs and the defendants, and at the hearing before Judge Harding on 20 October, 1917, *Page 557 the restraining order theretofore issued was dissolved, and among other things he finds in said order that "the court is of the opinion, and so finds, the facts that there is no evidence of any corruption or fraud on the part of the defendants in entering into the contract set out in the pleading or in calling and ordering and election for the ratification of the contract by the said voting citizens of the town of Reidsville." The plaintiffs excepted to this order, and gave notice of an appeal to the Supreme Court, but the appeal was abandoned. The election was held on 23 October, 1917, and resulted in an approval by the voters of the sale to the utilities company, there being three hundred and ninety-two votes cast in favor of said sale and sixty-eight votes against it. The cause again came on for hearing at June Term, 1919, and the plaintiffs then made the following admissions: "It is admitted by the plaintiffs that an election was duly called, at which election there was submitted to the voters of the town of Reidsville the question as to whether or not the said town, through its commissioners, should make sale of the electric plant, appliances, and fixtures of said town to the Southern Public Utilities Company for the sum of $30,000, as provided and set forth (520) in a certain ordinance adopted 11 September, 1917; and the said election so held was confined to this question alone; that as a result thereof 392 votes were cast in favor of said sale, and 68 votes as against the sale; that the machinery provided for the holding of said election, and the holding thereof, was such as provided by law, and that, in pursuance of said ratification of such contract by the voters, as indicated above, the commissioners of the town of Reidsville executed said contract set forth in said ordinance, and in pursuance thereof made a deed, as provided therein, to the said Southern Public Utilities Company." The plaintiffs moved for judgment upon the record chiefly upon the ground that the contract of sale to the utilities company was void because it was not made at public auction, and because two propositions, one to sell the plant and the other to grant a franchise, were submitted upon one ballot. The defendants moved for judgment upon the pleadings upon the following grounds: 1. That the only relief prayed in the original complaint, and the only relief to which the plaintiffs might in any event have been entitled, was an injunction preventing the holding of an election and the consummation of the sale of the plant upon the terms and conditions set forth in the pleadings, and it appears that since the *Page 558 institution of the restraining order herein the election has been held and the sale consummated. 2. The replication departs from the cause of action alleged in the original complaint, and introduces a new and distinct cause of action, based upon the facts which arose subsequent to the institution of this action. The defendants also moved for judgment upon the ground that upon the admissions of the plaintiff the contract of sale was valid and binding between the parties. Upon an intimation of his Honor that he would grant the motion to dismiss the action, the plaintiffs offered to introduce evidence in support of the allegations of the complaint. His Honor refused to hear the evidence, and the plaintiffs excepted. Judgment was then entered dismissing the action, and the plaintiffs excepted and appealed. after stating the case: This action cannot (521) longer be maintained for the purpose for which it was instituted — to restrain the holding of the election on 23 October, 1917 — because the election has already been held. InSasser v. Harriss, at this term, which was brought to restrain the holding of a primary election, Brown, J., says: "It appears that the primary election has long since been held, and doubtless the candidates now have been duly elected. Nothing can now be accomplished by setting aside the order of Judge Calvert. If his judgment was reversed, this Court could not now order another primary. The question has thus become merely a moot question, and there is nothing for the judgment of the Court to operate upon." Nor can the plaintiff assail the contract between the town of Reidsville and the utilities company on the ground of fraud, or otherwise, in this action, because there was no contract until it was approved by the voters, which was long after the commencement of the action, and "certainly the principal cause of action must exist in all cases at the time the action began. It would be unjust and absurd to bring a party into court to answer the plaintiff before he had a right to sue. The mere fact that the cause of action is introduced *Page 559 into a pending action cannot alter the case, because this, in effect, makes the action a new one." Clendenin v. Turner, 96 N.C. 421. "While courts are liberal in permitting amendments, such as are germane to a cause of action, it has been frequently held that the Court has no power to convert a pending action that cannot be maintained into a new and different action by the process of amendment. Best v. Kinston, 106 N.C. 205;Merrill v. Merrill, 92 N.C. 657; Clendenin v. Turner, 96 N.C. 416.Bennett v. R. R., 159 N.C. 345." The judgment of the Superior Court dismissing the action must therefore be affirmed in any event, but as other questions of public interest, which ought to be settled, have been discussed, we will consider them, first eliminating extraneous matters alleged in the pleadings, which have no bearing on the legal questions presented by the appeal. Prominent among these are the allegations of collusion between the mayor and commissioners and the utilities company to defraud the citizens of Reidsville; that the utilities company, is subsidiary to the Southern Power Company; that the utilities company, the Southern Power Company, and the American Tobacco Company have stockholders in common; that the American Tobacco Company nominated and elected the defendants, and other allegations of improper influences brought to bear on the defendants, dishonest motives on their part, and fraud. These cannot be considered because they are denied by the defendants, and the plaintiffs have not only acquiesced in the finding of Judge Harding "that there is not evidence of any corruption or fraud on the part of the defendants in entering into the contract set out in the pleadings, or in calling and ordering (522) an election for the ratification of the contract by the said voting citizens of the town of Reidsville," but they have also abandoned the exception taken on the trial to the refusal to permit them to introduce evidence to support the allegations of the complaint, which can only be accounted for on the theory that they could not prove what they alleged, or, if proven, the facts would not, in their opinion, affect a contract made by the people themselves. The exception is abandoned because not referred to in the brief. Rule 34. Recognizing this condition of the record, the plaintiffs rely in their brief on their motion for judgment on the admissions of record, and in the pleadings, which is upon three grounds. (1) That the purchase price of $30,000, when an offer of $50,000 had been made, is so grossly inadequate as to amount to fraud. *Page 560 (2) That the election is void because two unrelated propositions were submitted to the voters on one ballot, the sale of the electric light plant and the granting a franchise to the utilities company. (3) That the sale is void because not made at public auction. There might be room for debate as to the first position of the plaintiffs if the only consideration for the contract was the amount of money to be paid in cash, but this is not so. On the contrary, the defendants considered the advantages to the community of securing hydro-electric power offered by the utilities company, instead of steam power offered by Talbott and his associates, the ability of the respective parties to perform their contracts, the fact that the utilities company could install additions to the plant within ninety days sufficient to furnish a much needed increase of power, while Talbott and his associates had to organize a corporation to perform their contract, and could not make the necessary additions in less than twelve months; that the expense of pumping would be less under the utilities contract, and concluded that the contract offered by the utilities company was most advantageous to the citizens and taxpayers of Reidsville. There is, therefore, no admission that the consideration for the contract is inadequate, and as we are now dealing with a motion for judgment on the admissions of the parties, this contention of the plaintiffs cannot be sustained. The principle that unrelated propositions ought not to be submitted to a vote on one ballot, is fully recognized, and it is of the first importance that this principle should be strictly observed as the will of the voter ought not to be coerced, and he ought not to be in the situation where he must vote for a proposition to which he is opposed in order that he may support one he favors (see Winston v. Bank, 158 N.C. 512; Keith v. Lockhart, 171 N.C. 457; (523) Hill v. Lenoir, 176 N.C. 572), but it would seem that the sale of an electric light plant and the grant of a franchise to the purchaser under which it could be operated are parts of one whole, and as closely related as any two questions could be (seeBriggs v. Raleigh, 166 N.C. 149), and, if not, the plaintiffs have admitted "that an election was duly called, at which election there was submitted to the voters of the town of Reidsville the question as to whether or not the said town, through its commissioners, should make sale of the electric plant appliances and fixtures of said town to the Southern Public Utilities Company for the sum of $30,000, as provided and set forth in a certain ordinance adopted 11 September, 1917, and the said election so held was confined to this question alone," thus showing that one and not two propositions were submitted to the voters. *Page 561 The remaining question involves the power of the town of Reidsville to sell its light plant at private sale, subject to the approval of the voters, instead of at public auction, and this requires an examination and construction of the following statutes: Rev. 2978: "By mayor and commissioners at public sale. The mayor and commissioners of any town shall have power at all times to sell at public outcry, after thirty days notice, to the highest bidder, any property, real or personal, belonging to any such town, and apply the proceeds as they may think best." Rev. 2916(6): "To grant, upon reasonable terms, franchises for public utilities, such grants not to exceed the period of sixty years, unless renewed at the end of the period granted; also to sell or lease any waterworks, lighting plants, gas or electric, or any other public utility which may be owned by any city or town: Provided, in the event of such sale or lease it shall be approved by a majority of the qualified voters of such city or town, and also to make contracts, for a period not exceeding thirty years, for the supply of light, water, or other public commodity: Provided, this subsection shall not apply to New Hanover and Cumberland Counties." Ch. 28, Private Laws 1917, sec. 1: "That the following provisions of subsection six of section two thousand nine hundred and sixteen of the Revisal of one thousand nine hundred and five shall not apply to the town of Reidsville, in Rockingham County, namely: `Provided, in the event of such sale or lease it shall be approved by a majority of the qualified voters of such city or town.' "Sec. 2. That said town of Reidsville may sell or lease any of its public utilities, such as lighting plants or system mentioned in said subsection: Provided, in the event such sale or lease, which shall be approved by a majority of the votes cast in any election at which said proposition may be submitted; said election to be held under the same general rules, laws, and regulations of elections for town officers in the town of Reidsville." (524) These statutes, relating as they do to the same subject, should be read in connection with each other, as together constituting one law, giving effect to all parts of the statutes if possible, and the history of the legislation may be considered in the effort to ascertain the uniform and consistent purpose of the Legislature. 39 Cyc. 1150. "All statutes are presumed to be enacted by the Legislature with full knowledge of the existing condition of the law, and with reference to it. They are, therefore, to be construed as a part of a general and uniform system of jurisprudence, and their meaning and effect is to be determined in connection, not only with the common *Page 562 law and the Constitution, but also in connection with other statutes, on the same subject, and, under certain circumstances, with statutes on cognate and even different subjects. This rule of construction, however, so far as prior statutes are concerned, is to be restricted to cases where the statute in question is really doubtful; if the statute is clear on its face, prior statutes may not be consulted to create an ambiguity." 36 Cyc., p. 1146. Section 2978 of the Revisal, formerly section 3824 of the Code of 1883, requiring a sale at public outcry, was first enacted (ch. 112, Laws 1872-3), and it received authoritative construction in Southport v.Stanley, 125 N.C. 464, as follows: "The Reasonable construction of the statute must be that the town or city authorities can sell any personal property, or sell or lease any real estate which belongs to the town or city as the surplus of the original acreage ceded for the town or city site, or such land as may have been subsequently acquired or purchased; but in no case can the power be extended to the sale or lease of any real; estate, which, by the terms of the act of incorporation, is to be held in trust for the use of the town, or any real estate with or without the buildings on it, which is devoted to the purposes of government, including town or city hall, market houses, houses used for fire departments or for water supply, or for public squares or parks. To enable the town or city authorities to sell such of the real estate of the town or cities as is mentioned just above, there must be a special act of the General Assembly authorizing such lease or sale." The effect of this decision is that property of the city or town, such as parks, markets, city halls, waterworks, lighting plants, etc., held for the use of the public, are not within the provisions of Rev. 2978, and cannot be sold thereunder, and that, if sold at all, additional authority must be conferred by the General Assembly. If there was any doubt of this being the correct view of theSouthport case, it is put at rest by the unanimous opinion of the Court in Church v. Dula, 148 N.C. 266, in which Hoke, J., (525) speaking for the Court, says: "This view is not affected in any way by the case of Southport v. Stanley, 125 N.C. 464, to which we were referred by plaintiff's counsel. That decision was to the effect that the general power conferred on the authorities of a town to sell and dispose of town property by section 3824 of the Code of 1883 (Rev. 2978) does not give the right to sell property held in trust for the public; for any such purpose there must be an act of the Legislature conferring special power." Under this construction of the statute, it became necessary to provide means for selling and leasing property, held for the use of *Page 563 the public, as frequently a sale or lease would be advantageous and would promote the public welfare, and to provide this remedy, section 2916, subsection 6, was enacted, which deals with the property, which the Court said was not embraced in section 2978, and thus understood, the two sections means that under section 2978 the mayor and commissioners shall have power to sell at auction any property except that held for a public use, and under section 2916, subsection 6, that they, may sell property held for a public use, subject to the approval of the voters. The two sections are consistent with each other, and in entire harmony. They were enacted at different times, for different purposes, and deal with different classes of property. The General Assembly evidently thought that in the sale of property, not held for a public use, such as a fire engine which had ceased to be of any value to the town on account of changed conditions, it was a sufficient protection to have a sale at public auction, but that when the property belonged to the other class the approval of the voters, the real owners, should be had. There is no reason for reading into the later section that the sale shall be by public auction, in addition to submitting the question to a vote, and to do so would impose a cumbersome, confusing procedure instead of one that is intelligent and easily understood. If the position of the plaintiffs should prevail, the governing body of the town or city would have to offer the property at public sale, at which any one could bid, who could comply with the terms of sale, and after the highest bidder is ascertained the whole question would have to be submitted to a vote, while under the other view the governing body can advertise for bids, can consider the needs of the community, the ability to perform for the present and the future, and can present to the voters a mature plan for their approval or disapproval. The second statute, in our opinion, substitutes a vote of the people as to property held for a public use, for a public sale of other property, and the will of the people having been fairly ascertained, as the plaintiffs admit, and emphatically expressed, as to a sale of their own property there is no reason for setting it aside. If any further authority was needed, it is conferred by chapter 28, section 2, Private Laws 1917, which enacts: (526) "Sec. 2. That said town of Reidsville may sell or lease any of its public utilities, such as lighting plants or systems mentioned in said subsection: Provided, in the event such sale or lease, which shall be approved by a majority of the votes case in any election at which said proposition may be submitted; said election to be *Page 564 held under the same general rules, laws, and regulations of elections for town officers in the town of Reidsville." There is some confusion in the language, but the intent is clear to give the power to the town of Reidsville to "sell or lease" its lighting plant without other restriction than the approval of the people at the polls, and as the sale has been made, and has been approved by a vote of 392 for the sale, and 68 against it, there is no valid reason for disturbing it. There is not a scintilla of evidence that the utilities company is seeking to acquire a monopoly, and, on the contrary, it offers in its answer, and renews the offer in this Court, to abandon the contract of purchase. It has done nothing except to make an offer to purchase the lighting plant for a certain amount of money, and upon certain conditions, which the governing authorities of Reidsville have accepted, and which has been ratified by popular vote on a legal referendum. We should assume, in the absence of a finding to the contrary, that the mayor and aldermen of Reidsville, elected when the question of a sale of the lighting plant was acutely at issue, have acted in good faith, and that the voters had sufficient intelligence to understand the proposition, which they approved by their vote, and certainly we have no authority to deny to them the right to contract in reference to their own property upon the assumption of superior wisdom and business ability. There are allegations of fraud in the complaint, which are denied in the answer, but no evidence to support the allegations has been introduced, and the exception to the refusal to receive such evidence has been abandoned, and is not referred to in the plaintiff's brief. It would not, therefore, be just or according to law to base our judgment on unsupported allegations, and to make a part of our permanent records, so serious a reflection on the integrity of the mayor and aldermen of Reidsville as men and public officials without proof. There can be nothing in the contention that two unrelated questions have been submitted to the voters, because the plaintiffs have agreed, by stipulation filed in the record, that the question of a sale of the lighting plant was submitted, and that "the election so held was confined to this question alone." It is also agreed that the election was "duly called," and that "the machinery provided for the holding of said election, and the holding thereof, was such as provided by law." Affirmed. *Page 565