Freas v. State Ex Rel. Freeling

Opinion by LOGSDON, C. For reversal of this case defendant presents and argues ten assignments of error. Assignments 1 to 6, inclusive, complain of the action of the *206 court in the giving and refusal of instructions. The first instruction complained of is paragraph 18 of the court’s general charge to the jury. This paragraph of the instructions reads as follows: “With reference to what is meant by willful failure! or neglect of duty, as that term is used in the law of this state governing the removal of officers, and with reference to that term, or its equivalent, as it may be variously used throughout these instructions you are advised that a willful failure or neglect of duty means that the act or failure to act was for a .bad or evil purpose, or when the officer consciously acts contrary to a known duty or consciously fails to act pursuant to a known duty; he must be guilty of some conscious wrong or inexcusable carelessness or recklessness in the discharge of, or a failure to discharge an official duty. Mere thoughtless acts with no bad or evil purpose, in which there is no 'inexcusable carelessness or recklessness on the part of the officer, will not constitute such a willful failure or neglect of duty as is contemplated by the law of the state relating to the removal of officers, or by these instructions.” The criticism of this instruction is that it permitted the jury to find in favor of the plaintiff if it should be satisfied by a preponderance of the evidence that gambling was being carried on or intoxicating liquor was being sold openly and notoriously in the localities and at the places mentioned in plaintiff’s petition without further finding by a preponderance of the evidence that defendant knew of such violations of the law. A mere reading of the above instruction clearly demonstrates that it is not subject to the criticism directed against it because the jury is expressly told in that instruction that defendant must have been guilty of some conscious wrong and that mere thoughtless acts with no bad or ejvil purpose will not constitute a willful failure or neglect of duty. By. paragraph 10 the court instructed the jury that the burden rested upon the plaintiff to establish the guilt of the defendant by a clear preponderance of the evidence, and considering this paragraph in connection with paragraph 18 .it is inconceivable that the jury could have failejd to understand that a conscious wrong on the part of the defendant in the performance or nonperformance of his official duty was one of thej things which the plaintiff must establish by a clear preponderance of the evidence. Defendant’s requested instruction No. 1 was intended to define the term “willfully” as applied to the acts and omissions charged against the defendant. This requested instruction is not deemed to correctly state! 'ihe law in defining the term “williully,” but if it be conceded that it does correctly state the law, then it was iully and sufficiently covered by paragraph 18 of the court’s instructions so that its refusal by the court was not error of which defendant may rightfully complain. Defendant next complains of the refusal of the trial court to giv^ his requested instruction No. 3, which reads as follows: “ITou are instructed that in reaching a verdict in this case you are permitted to take into consideration all of the facts and circumstances surrounding him as sheriff; the! number of deputies he is allowed, the size of the county he is sheriff of; the amount of civil and criminal business he has to attend to, the proximity of the place or places, where the law is alleged to have been violated, to the county seat at Paw-huska where he is required to keep bis office, the sudden influx of people into the place or places where the law is alleged to have been violated and any other matters tending to throw iight on the ability of the sheriff to administer the law at such place! or places.” While this requested instruction covers certain phases of the testimony offered in behalf of the defendant in palliation or extenuation of his alleged failure to enforce the gambling and prohibitory laws, it is not considered that defendant was entitled as a matter of law to have the' jury instructed that the facts and circumstances referred to in said requested instruction were legal excuses or such lejgal defenses to the charges made in plaintiff’s petition as could be considered by the jury in reaching a verdict. This proof was in the case for what it was worth and was doubtless argued by counsel and considered by the jury, and this was as much as the defendant was legally entitled to. Assignments of error 4, 5, and 6 complain of the alleged error of the trial court in giving to the jury instructions numbered 31, 12, and 15. In reference to instructions 11 and 12, defendant states in his brief that these instructions would have been unobjectionable were ’it not for instruction No. 18. Having already determined that instruction No. 18 was not erroneous, and that when considered in connection with instruction No. 10 it clearly stated the law to the jury, it follows that dejfendant’s complaint of instructions 11 and 12 is untenable. Instruction No. 15, of which complaint is made, merely states that it is the duty of the sheriff of the county to enforce the criminal laws of the state against violations of the prohibitory liquor law and against vi *207 olations of the gambling laws, and is in conformity with section 1946 and section 7036, Comp. Stats. 1921. The complaint of this instruction is that the sheriff is only one of several officers named in the above sections of the statutes who are charged with the duty of enforcing these laws, and that it was prejudicial for the court to instruct the jury that this duty rested upon the sheriff without also stating to the jury the correlatives duties resting upon other officers named in the statute. This criticism is not considered to possess merit. The fact that like duties in the enforcement of these laws rest upon other officers than the sheriff in no way reduces the responsibility of the sheriff under the law for the faithful discharge of the duties incumbent upon him. No degree of remissniess in other officers could excuse the sheriff for remissness in the discharge of his duties, and it was the conduct of the sheriff al'one which was undejr investigation in this case. Assignment No. 7 complains of the insufficiency of the evidence to support the verdict, and number 10 complains of alleged error of ithe court in overruling the demurrer of the defendant to the evidence of the plaintiff. There is ample evidence in the record, if believed by the jury, to sustain the verdict of guilty under the sejeond and third causes of action. It is true that there is conflicting testimony and if the jury had returned a verdict of not 'guilty as to each of thes^ causes of action' such verdict would not have been without support in the evidence. It is too well settled by decisions of this court to need a citation of authorities that where the evidence is in conflict and there is any evidence ini the record which reasonably tends to support the verdict a judgment based thereon will not be disturbed in this court. Since there is evidence in the record reasonably tending to support the veirdict the action of the trial count in overruling defendant’s demurrer to plaintiff’s evidence was correct Assignment of error No. 8 complains of certain statements made] by one of the attorneys for the plaintiff in the opening statement to the jury, and assignment of error No. 9 complains of alleged error of the] trial court in permitting plaintiff to amend its petition to conform to the proof at the trial. Neither of these assignments present error prejudicial to the substantial rights of the defendant. Upon a consideration of the entire case it is concluded that no error of law prejudicial to the substantial rights of the defendant has beten called to the attention of this court, and there being evidence in. the record reasonably tending to support the verdict of the jury, the judgment of the trial court based thereon should be in all things affirmed. By the Court: It is so ordered.