Ellis v. Lamb-Mcashan Co.

CONNER, C. J. This is an appeal from an ■order of tbe Seventy-Eigbtb district court of Wicbita county, dated May 1, 1925, granting tbe prayer of the appellee, Bamb-Mc-Asban Company, for tbe issuance of a temporary writ of injunction to restrain tbe sale •of certain property situated in tbe city of Houston, Tex., known as tbe Beaconfield Apartments. Tbe injunction _ was granted -without a bearing and without notice to appellant G. 'R. Ellis, upon an amended petition filed by appellee on May 1, 1925. A like writ of injunction was issued in tbe same •case upon the original petition of tbe Bamb-McAshan Company filed on December 18, 1923, from which an appeal by appellant G. R. Ellis was duly prosecuted, and which was ■duly considered and determined by us in April, 1924, as will appear from our opinion reported in 264 S. W. 241. In both petitions it appears that, prior to tbe 3d day of October, • 1922, tbe appellant Ellis bad secured a judgment against J. B. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin and others for tbe sum of $33,751, and upon that date had caused a writ of garnishment to be issued out of tbe district •court of Wicbita county for tbe Seventy-Eigbtb judicial district, upon allegations that appellee, the Bamb-McAshan Company, a private corporation, was indebted to said J. B. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin and others, and had •effects belonging to them and each of them, and that each of said judgment defendants were owners of shares in said company and bad an interest therein. It further appears in both petitions that tbe. writ of garnishment was served on October 9, 1922, and returned to tbe district court of Wicbita county, after which a judgment by default was entered in favor of G. R. Ellis against the garnishee, tbe Bamb-McAshan Company. Tbe object of appellee, Bamb-McAshan Company, in both the original and amended petitions mentioned is to set aside tbe judgment against it by default, on tbe ground of fraud and for want of proper service, tbe particulars of which may be ascertained by reference to our said opinion reported in 264 S. W. 241. On tbe former appeal, we reversed tbe order of tbe district court and vacated the temporary writ of injunction, on the ground that the Bamb-McAshan Company in its answer to the writ failed to sufficiently show a meritorious defense to tbe judgment by default, and this opinion was affirmed on a writ of error by Section A of tbe Commission of Appeals and approved by tbe Supreme Court. See Lamb-McAshan v. Ellis, 270 S. W. 547. Tbe writ of garnishment, which tbe judgment by default recites' had been duly served upon the Bamb-McAshan Company, commanded that company to appear before tbe court at its next term to be held at Wichita Falls on tbe 12th day of March, 1923, then and there to answer upon oath what, if anything, “it was indebted to said judgment defendants or bad effects belonging to them in its possession, or what number of shares, if any, any one of defendants had in said Bamb-Mc-Ashan Company,”' etc. In its petition to set aside said judgment by default, after recitation of the facts constituting the alleged fraud in the procurement of the judgment and of the insufficiency of service of the writ of garnishment, it was alleged that, on the date of service of the writ, to wit, October 9, 1922, the Bamb-Mc-Ashan Company was not “indebted” in any manner to J. L. Wilkin or R. H. Wilkin, and the other defendants against whom judgment had been rendered, but failed to deny that the said Wilkins were holders or owners of shares of stock in the Bamb-McAshan Company, alleged to be a corporation. It was because of this failure to so allege and to fully answer the command of the writ of garnishment that we held that the original petition failed to authorize the temporary writ of injunction. The amended petition now under consideration on the present appeal contains the following matter that was not presented in the original petition upon which the former writ of injunction issued, to wit: “That on the said October 9, 1922, and March 12, 1923, and May 5, 1923, nor at any time intervening therein, this plaintiff, Bamb-McAshan Company, was not in any manner indebted to said defendants in judgment, J. B. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, either or both of them, and that this plaintiff, Bamb-McAshan Company, did not have any effects in its hands of said J. B. Wil-kin and R. H. Wilkin, either or both of them, upon any one of said dates, nor at any time from October 9, 1922, to May 5, 1923. That upon all of said dates, October 9, 1922, and March 12, 1923, and May 5, 1923, this plaintiff, Bamb-McAshan Company, did not know of any one who was indebted to said J. B. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, either or both of them, or who had effects of said J. B. Wilkin or R. H. Wilkin in their possession. That on the 9th day of October, 1922, the stock book of this plaintiff, Bamb-McAshan Company, showed on its face that the defendant J.- B. Wilkin appeared to own 324 shares of stock, evidenced by certificates Nos. 23 for 216% shares, and 26 for 107% shares, and that the defendant R. H. Wilkin appeared on said stock book to own 108 shares, evidenced by certificate No. 27, and that the said J. B. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin had no other or further interest in the plaintiff, Bamb-McAshan Company, than as evidenced by said shares of stock and the certificates therefor. “This plaintiff would show that, in point of [860] fact, the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin had no real or substantial interest in said shares of stock, and that they were on October 9, 1922, and from and after June 28, 1922, only the nominal owners of said stock, and that they ceased entirely to be even such nominal owners on or about the 6th day of January, 1923, because of the following facts, viz.: That the Wilkin-Hale State Bank, of which said J. L. Wilkin was president, and in which he was a stockholder to the extent of stock of the par value of $69,600, and in which the said R. H. Wilkin was the owner of the capital stock of the aggregate par value of $19,000, had failed and closed its doors some time in March, 1922, and that the banking commissioner of the state Of Oklahoma had found it necessary to and had assessed against said J. L. Wilkin, as owner of such stock, and required that he pay the sum of $69,600, and made an assessment against the said R. H. Wilkin of $19,000, both of said assessments having been made by said banking commissioner under and by virtue of the banking laws of the state of Oklahoma, for the purpose of paying oil and discharging the indebtedness due by said Wilkin-Hale State Bank to its creditors; and on the 28th day of June, 1922, the said J. L. Wilkin executed in favor of Roy Wolcott, bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma, his promissory note of said date for the sum of $69,500, payable on October, 2, 1922, with 6 per cent, interest per annum thereon from date, and providing for 10 per cent, attorney’s fees if collected by an attorney, with or without suit, if not paid at maturity, and said Wilkin deposited, as security for the payment of said note, said 324 shares of stock in the Lamb-McAshan Company, at Houston, Tex., being the said certificates numbered 23 and 26, and giving the payee in said note the power to sell said stock at public or private sale upon failure to pay the note at maturity, a copy of which note is hereto attached and marked Exhibit 1, and made a part hereof. “That on the said June 28, 1922, the said R. H. Wilkin executed his note in favor of said Roy Wolcott, bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma, for the sum of $19,009, payable October 2, 1922, with interest per annum, and with the same conditions and provisions as in the note executed by said J. L. Wilkin, and putting up as collateral said 108 shares of stock in the Lamb-McAshan Company, being certificate No. 27, a copy of which note is hereto attached, and marked Exhibit J and made a part hereof. That afterwards, said two notes having matured on October 2, 1922, and not having been paid, there was filed on October 3, 1922, in the district court at Oklahoma City, Okl.,' suit No. 36211, State ex rel. Wolcott v. R. H. Wilkin et al., and No. 36212, State ex rel. Wolcott v. J. L. Wilkin et al., which suits were to recover judgment upon said two notes executed by the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, and foreclose the lien upon said shares of stock in said Lamb-McAshan Company, and that said suits were afterwards, on to wit, January 23, 1923, dismissed because of having been settled in the manner hereinafter stated, as shown by certified copies of the order of dismissal marked Exhibit K and L, attached hereto and made a part hereof. “This plaintiff would show: That, while in fact the failure of said Wilkin-Hale State Bank was not the fault of said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, but arose from the conditions of crops and business in the state of Oklahoma, and other conditions beyond their control, serious threats were made by the bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma that, unless these notes and this indebtedness was paid, there would be started criminal prosecutions against the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, and that the said J. L. Wilkin had three daughters, Mabel Wilkin, Marian Wilkin, and Lillian Wil-kin, all of whom had their undivided property situated principally in the state of Texas, and a part of the estate of their grandfather, D. C. Giddings, who had died about 1903, leaving D. O. Giddings, his son, of Brenham, Tex., as independent executor and trustee controlling the estate which would have gone to their mother, the deceased wife of said J. L. Wilkin, and who was formerly Miss Lillian Giddings. That these daughters, influenced by the terror of threats of criminal prosecution of their father, J. L. Wil-kin, and of their uncle, R. H. Wilkin, their said uncle, D. O. Giddings, the executor and trustee, as aforesaid, also desiring, if possible1, by any legal and proper means to help to avoid the humiliation and disgrace of what they believed to be an unjust and wrongful criminal prosecution, entered into negotiations with and carried out the same to purchase said notes and take over said stock in the Lamb-McAshan Company from the bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma. That, in pursuance of these negotiations, the said bank commissioner, in the manner required by the laws of the state of Oklahoma for making á settlement of claims against the stockholders of defunct banks, filed a suit in the district court in and for Oklahoma county, state of Oklahoma, styled In re Wil-kin-Hale State Bank, of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Ño. 34103, and obtained an order authorizing the settlement of claims against the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, said order being dated the 29th day of December,- 1922, whereby the bank commissioner was to receive in settlement for its claims against the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, and also against D. C..Giddings, as trustee, who was the owner of $45,000 of the par value of said Wil-kin-Hale State Bank, the sum of $93,000 in settlement, all of which is fully shown by copy of said order of said court, hereto attached, marked Exhibit M, and made a part hereof. That as a matter of fact said settlement so made and afterwards carried out, said notes of J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin were indorsed in blank without recourse by said Roy Wolcott, bank commissioner, acting by and through Pren-tiss Price, liquidating agent of said Wilkin-Hale State Bank, and they, together with the said 432 shares of the capital stock of the Lamb-McAshan Company, were delivered to the said Mabel Wilkin, Marian Wilkin, and Lillian Wilkin, who paid to said Price, liquidating agent in fact, the sum of $96,000 on the final settlement, being the full sum of $93,000, authorized to be received by the bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma, and $2,000 additional which was exacted in order to cover the attorney’s fee paid to attorneys in Texas for assisting the liquidating agent in finally closing the settlement, which was done by a judgment of the district court of Harris county, Tex., in cause No. 103277, State of Oklahoma ex rel. Walcott, D. C. Giddings, et al. on the 5th day of January, 1923, a true copy of which judgment [861] is hereto attached, marked Exhibit N, and made a part hereof. “Your petitioner, the Lamb-McAshan Company, would show: That on the 9th day of October, A. D. 1922, and at all times thereafter down to and including the 12th day of March, 1923, and the 5th day of May, 1923, the fair cash market value of said shares of stock of the Lamb-McAshan Company was not more than $200 per share, so that said 432 shares of stock of the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin were at all of said dates of not more than the reasonable cash value of $86,800. That, immediately upon said settlement having been made by the said Misses Wilkin with said- liquidating 'agent and taking over said shares of stock on, to wit, January 5, 1923, there was issued to them certificates of stock as follows, viz.: Certificate No. 30 to Mabel Wilkin for 100 shares; certificate No. 31 to Mabel Wilkin for 117 shares; certificate No. 32 to Marian Wilkin for 217 shares; certificate No. 33 to Lillian Wilkin for 216 shares. That the stock book of said Lamb-McAshan Company shows that on July 3, 1922, one M. K. Wilkin was the owner of 218 shares of stock; the same having been transferred to her on said date by said R. H. Wilkin, who was at that time her husband, and said certificate No. 32, issued to Marian Wilkin, included 110 shares transferred and purchased by her from Mrs. M. K. Wilkin, and said certificate No. 33, to Lillian Wilkin, including 108 shares, purchased by her from said Mrs. M. K. Wilkin. “And plaintiff would further show that the said D. C. Giddings, uncle of the said Misses Wilkin, who' is engaged in the banking business at Brenham, Tex., loaned his said nieces, the Misses Wilkin, the sum of $76-,500, which, with money the said Misses Wilkin Had on hand, $18,500, with which they purchased said 432 shares of stock in the Lamb-McAshan Company, and made said settlement with the bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma. And this plaintiff would show that the said D. O. Giddings in order to assist his said nieces and cestui que trustees from losing any money if possible by reason of the purchase of said stock of the Lamb-McAshan Company, did himself purchase from Dr. O. L. Norsworthy, of Houston, Tex., and his wife, Mrs. Sanford Gibbs Norsworjhy, the other 100 shares of stock for the sum of $200 per share, or a total of $20,-000; this purchase having been negotiated some time in November, 1922, and certificate No. 29 issued therefor to the said D. C. Gid-dings on December 14, 1922. “Your plaintiff would show that the defendant Ellis, by reason of the issuance of said writ of garnishment on, to wit, the 3d day of October, 1922, and the attempted service of the same on October 9, 1922, as above fully set out, acquired no lien upon said shares of stock or upon any interest that the said J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin, either or both of them, might have had, even if they had had any equity in said stock, because as was finally determined in this case by the Commission qf Appeals, approved by the Supreme Court of Texas, the said service was defective because it cited plaintiff in error to appear at a date of the term of the court other than the first day of the ensuing term, which provision of the statute the court held would appear to be peremptory; and for the further reason that, as above fully set out, the bank commissioner 'of the state of Oklahoma had on the 28th day Of June, 1922, acquired 'a valid, subsisting- lien upon said shares of stock long prior to the issuance of said writ of garnishment and had foreclosed the same as provided by the terms of the contract of collateral security, and had sold and delivered the shares of stock to the stock of the said Mabel Wilkin, Marian Wilkin, -and Lillian Wilkin, who became the owners and holders of said shares of stock, having paid full value for the same.” With the exception of the above quotation, we think it .may be fairly said that ap-pellee’s amended petition and its original , petition, which we held to be defective or insufficient, are substantially the same in ten- or and legal effect. Appellant insists that the portion now under consideration is insufficient to sustain appellee’s action for the present temporary injunction, for the-reason that it is barred by limitation under article 4648, Rev. Statutes, which provides, so far as necessary to quote, that: “No injunction to stay an execution upon any valid and subsisting judgment shall be granted after the expiration of one year from the rendition of such judgment, unless it be made to appear that an application for such injunction has been delayed in consequence of the fraud or false promises of the plaintiff in the judgment, practiced or made at the time of, or after rendition of, such judgment, or unless for some equitable matter or defense arising after the rendition of such judgment.” While the judgment against the appellee, garnishee, which in this action he seeks to set aside appears on its face to be valid, yet accepting the allegations of the petition before us as true, it cannot be so said, and the statute applies only to valid and subsisting judgments. See Kimmell v. Edwards (Tex. Civ. App.) 194 S. W. 168. Hence we are not inclined to reverse the judgment below on this ground. Appellant further urges that the new matter presented in the amended petition, which we have -ab-ove quoted, fails to disclose a meritorious defense, which it was necessary to do in order to authorize the injunction granted. It would seem that appellant at least had -the right, upon the service of his writ of garnishment, to have appropriated to the satisfaction of his judgment whatever of equity J. L. Wilkin and R. H. Wilkin had in stock owned by them in the Lamb-McAshan Company, and pledged to -the banking co-m-,missioner in Oklahoma, under article 3744 of our Rev. Statutes, which provides that: “Goods and chattels pledged, assigned or mortgaged as security for any debt or contract, may be levied upon and sold on execution against the person making the pledge, assignment or mortgag-e subject thereto.” While it may he true, we think under the authorities, that, if in truth and in fact the 'Wilkins had no equity whatever in the stock [862] actually transferred or disposed of by them prior to the service of appellant’s writ of garnishment, such fact would constitute a meritorious defense, but we are not inclined to the view that they could refuse to disclose the facts and thus deprive appellant of the right of contesting them, and of contesting the claim of the banking commissioner and the claims of those asserting a right to the stock under composition’agreements with the banking commissioner. The Lamb-McAshan Company was a Texas corporation; appellant was a Texas creditor, and some of us, at least, incline to the view that a citizen of Texas, as was appellant, would have the right to controvert the matters of fact presented in the plea to the merits and have the issues and priorities determined by the Texas courts. However, we need not discuss nor determine the questions so suggested, for the reason that we think there is another ground upon which we must hold that the trial court erred in granting the prayer of appellee’s petition for the present injunction. We think it perfectly clear that every material fact presented in the present petition and relied upon in support of the action of the court in granting the temporary writ of injunction was known to and available by the appellee corporation at the time it filed its original injunction; so that the question is presented whether, under such a state of facts, a litigant is entitled to a second writ by amending his original petition and therein presenting facts held to be necessary in order to sustain the prior application. In 32 Corpus Juris, p. 74, § 59, it is said; “Where an injunction has been refused, or has been granted and dissolved by the court, complainant may be entitled to a second injunction, if he amends his bill or files a supplemental or new bill setting up new grounds which did not exist when the first bill was filed; but a second injunction should be refused, or dissolved if granted, where the new, supplemental, or amended bill contains the same grounds alleged in the first bill. Successive injunctions upon different grounds which might be put at issue in one proceeding should not be allowed, where no sufficient reason why the grounds were not urged on the first application for an injunction is shown; and neither ignorance of the law nor of the facts will present any excuse for failure to present such grounds.” In the case of Birchfield v. Bourland, 187 S. W. 422, this court had occasion to consider the question of whether a district or county court may upon an amended petition direct the issuance of the second writ of injunction after a previous order by said court had been dissolved. It was there said that this may be done under certain exceptional circumstances not necessary to notice, but that the record in that case, as here, clearly showed that the amended petition, the prayer of which for the second writ was granted, contained what was originally alleged; with added allegations of facts known at the time of the prior application, and which the appel-lee attempted to establish upon a motion to dissolve. We held that the litigant was not entitled to a second injunction on grounds that were set up in his first hill, or should have been set up, citing 22 Cyc. p. 80, par. 8, and other authorities. What we there said is applicable alike to that case and to this, to wit: “If upon an amended petition of the character here under consideration a second, writ of injunction may be granted after the dissolution of a prior one by this court, of what avail to' a litigant is our order or jurisdiction? We dissolved the original injunction for want of sufii-eient allegations in’ the petition upon which it was granted. The necessary allegations were available and could have been made in the first instance as well as at the time of the amendment. Let us suppose that the appellants should prosecute an .appeal from this second order, and we should again hold the petition insufficient and dissolve the second writ of injunction. Should it be said that appellee could further amend and include some necessary allegation pointed out by this court in its determination and again secure a third writ of injunction? Should such a course be maintainable, it is evident that, by amendments and additional writs of injunction., orders on the part of this court might be rendered entirely nugatory, and appellee would or could get all the relief orig'-inally sought, and appellants perhaps suffer irreparable injury. The appeal from the original order vested in this court full jurisdiction over the question therein involved, to the exclusion of the lower court.” In the case from which we make the above quotation, we not only held that the second writ of injunction was unauthorized, but also held’ that the appellant in that case was entitled to a writ of prohibition directed to the lower court and opposing litigant denying the right to issue further temporary writs, on the theory that our judgment dissolving ■the writ first issued was conclusive as to all matters alleged and that might have been alleged in the first petition. Such a rule would seem to be in harmony with the general principles relating to the finality of judgments. Upon the ground last discussed, we conclude that the court erred in granting the temporary writ of injunction under consideration, and that his orders should be reversed, the temporary writ be dissolved, and this decision be certified below for such further proceedings as may be authorized by law and as are not in conflict with this opinion.