Jobe v. Commissioner of Correction

PER CURIAM. General Statutes § 52-466(a)(1) provides in relevant part that "[a]n application for a writ of habeas corpus, other than an application pursuant to subdivision (2) of this subsection, shall be made to the superior court, or to a judge thereof, for the judicial district in which the person whose custody is in question is claimed to be illegally confined or deprived of such person's liberty. " 1 (Emphasis added.) Our Supreme Court has concluded "that the custody requirement of § 52-466 is jurisdictional because the history and purpose of the writ of habeas corpus establish that the habeas court lacks the power to act on a habeas petition absent the petitioner's allegedly unlawful custody." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Richardson v. Commissioner of Correction , 298 Conn. 690 , 697, 6 A.3d 52 (2010). The petitioner, Momodou Lamin Jobe, appeals from the judgment of the habeas court dismissing his petition for a writ of habeas corpus, 2 following the court's granting his petition for certification to appeal. On appeal, the petitioner claims that the habeas court improperly determined that it lacked jurisdiction to consider the merits of his claim under Padilla v. Kentucky , 559 U.S. 356 , 130 S.Ct. 1473 , 176 L.Ed.2d 284 (2010). The respondent, the Commissioner of Correction, concedes that the habeas court improperly dismissed the petition for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to Padilla , but contends that the judgment of dismissal may be affirmed on the alternate ground that the petitioner failed to allege that he was in custody at the time he filed his petition. We affirm the judgment of dismissal on the basis of the respondent's alternate ground. 3 "[A] court lacks discretion to consider the merits of a case over which it is without jurisdiction .... The subject matter jurisdiction requirement may not be waived by any party, and also may be raised by a party, or by the court sua sponte, at any stage of the proceedings, including on appeal." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Ajadi v. Commissioner of Correction , 280 Conn. 514 , 533, 911 A.2d 712 (2006). The determination of whether the habeas court had subject matter jurisdiction is a question of law and this court's review is plenary. Richardson v. Commissioner of Correction , supra, 298 Conn. at 696 , 6 A.3d 52 . In his petition for a writ of habeas corpus, the petitioner alleged that he was arrested on September 10, 2009, and that he pleaded guilty to the crimes charged on January 5, 2010. 4 He also alleged that on January 5, 2010, he received a total effective sentence of eleven months incarceration, execution suspended, and two years of conditional discharge. The petitioner filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus on August 12, 2016. The petition, therefore, was filed more than two years after he was sentenced and was not in custody at that time. During oral argument, counsel for the petitioner acknowledged that the only way the petitioner could have been in custody at the time that he filed his petition was if a warrant had been issued for violation of his conditional discharge. Counsel conceded that absent such a warrant, the habeas court would not have subject matter jurisdiction over his petition. We asked counsel for the parties if they knew whether a warrant had been issued for the petitioner for violation of his conditional discharge. Following oral argument, counsel for the parties signed and submitted a letter to the court stating that they had searched relevant bases of information and found no evidence that a warrant had been issued for the petitioner for violation of his conditional discharge. The petitioner, as his counsel conceded, was not in custody pursuant to § 52-466(a)(1) at the time he filed his petition for a writ of habeas corpus. The habeas court, therefore, lacked jurisdiction to adjudicate the merits of the petition for a writ of habeas corpus. 5 The judgment is affirmed. Footnotes [1] General Statutes § 52-466(a)(2) pertains to an application for a writ of habeas corpus "made by or on behalf of an inmate or prisoner confined in a correctional facility as a result of a conviction of a crime ...." [2] The habeas court dismissed the petition pursuant to Practice Book § 23-29(1), which provides in relevant part that "[t]he judicial authority may, at any time, upon its own motion or upon motion of the respondent, dismiss the petition, or any count thereof, if it determines that: (1) the court lacks jurisdiction ...." [3] An appellate court may affirm the judgment of the trial court although it may have been grounded on a wrong reason. See Geremia v. Geremia , 159 Conn. App. 751 , 779, 125 A.3d 549 (2015) ; see also Practice Book § 10-33. Because we conclude that the habeas court lacked subject matter jurisdiction, we need not reach the merits of the petitioner's claim on appeal. [4] The record discloses that the petitioner pleaded guilty to one count of illegal possession of less than four ounces of marijuana in violation of General Statutes (Rev. to 2009) § 21a-279 (c) and one count of illegal sale of a record or tape in violation of General Statutes § 53-142c. [5] In his reply brief, the petitioner asks us to adopt an expansive definition of the word custody. We decline to review claims raised for the first time in a reply brief. See State v. Myers , 178 Conn. App. 102 , 107, 174 A.3d 197 (2017).