In the Matter of the Marriage of: Joni Popejoy v. David Popejoy (mem. dec.)

MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED regarded as precedent or cited before any Jul 14 2020, 8:44 am

court except for the purpose of establishing CLERK the defense of res judicata, collateral Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals and Tax Court estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Michael R. Auger Robert A. Plantz Franklin, Indiana Aaron C. Lopez Robert A. Plantz & Associates, LLC Merrillville, Indiana

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

In the Matter of the Marriage of: July 14, 2020

Joni Popejoy, Court of Appeals Case No. 19A-DR-2887 Appellant-Petitioner, Appeal from the v. Pulaski Circuit Court The Honorable David Popejoy, Mary C. Welker, Judge Trial Court Cause No. Appellee-Respondent. 66C01-1205-DR-29

Kirsch, Judge. Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-DR-2887 | July 14, 2020 Page 1 of 11 [1] Joni Popejoy (“Mother”) appeals the trial court’s order modifying child

custody, parenting time, and child support. She raises the following restated

issues for our review:

I. Whether the trial court abused its discretion when it modified child custody, parenting time, and child support because Mother asserts that those issues were not raised to the trial court; and

II. Whether the trial court abused its discretion when it denied Mother’s motion for a continuance of the final hearing.

[2] We affirm.

Facts and Procedural History [3] Mother and David Popejoy (“Father”) were previously married and share three

children from their marriage. Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 3, 4,7, 29. Mother and

Father had joint custody of the children. Id. at 25. On June 1, 2018, Mother

filed a Verified Motion for Contempt Regarding Parenting Time, alleging that

Father was withholding parenting time from Mother and had failed to pay child

support. Id. at 22-23. On that same date, Mother also filed a Rule to Show

Cause and Application for Temporary Emergency Removal of Children From

Their Current Place of Residence. Appellee’s App. Vol. 2 at 2-3. Paragraph three

of that filing stated “[t]hat since the entry of this Court’s Order, there has been a

change in circumstances so substantial and continuing so as to make the current

child custody Order not in the best interest of said minor children.” Id. at 2. In

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paragraph five, Mother requested that the trial court “give [Mother] temporary

emergency physical and legal custody of [the children].” Id. Mother further

asked the trial court to “give [Mother] temporary emergency custody, both

physical and legal, of the minor children, allowing [Mother] to remove the

children from the County of Pulaski, Indiana and take them to the County of

Hamilton, Indiana.” Id. at 3. [4] On June 4, 2018, Mother filed a Notice of Intent to Relocate and indicated that

she would be moving from Pulaski County, Indiana to Noblesville, Indiana.

Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 25. On June 20, 2018, Father filed his Objection to

Relocation. Id. at 28. On July 6, 2018, a hearing was held on Mother’s Motion

for Contempt, Mother’s Notice of Intent to Relocate, Mother’s Petition to

Modify Custody, and Father’s Objection to Relocation. Id. at 29. After the

hearing, the trial court issued an order on August 16, 2018, appointing a

guardian ad litem to investigate the issues of custody and parenting time and

approving the parties’ Temporary Agreement regarding parenting time. Id. at

29-30. [5] On December 17, 2018, a telephonic pretrial conference was held, and the

matter was set for a custody hearing on April 11, 2019. Id. at 12. On April 4,

2019, Mother filed a Motion to Continue the April 11, 2019 custody hearing,

specifically requesting that the trial court “continue this matter for a [c]ustody

[h]earing on a time and date in which both parties and this Court can agree.”

Id. at 33. The trial court set the matter for a telephonic pretrial conference on

April 5, 2019, and at that hearing, Mother’s Motion to Continue was denied

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and Mother’s counsel notified the trial court that he would be filing a Motion to

Withdraw. Id. at 14. On that same date, counsel for Mother filed his Motion

to Withdraw, and the motion was granted by the trial court on April 8, 2019.

Id. at 34, 35. [6] On April 11, 2019, the parties appeared for the custody hearing. Tr. Vol. 2 at

16-17. At the beginning of the hearing, Mother, who was representing herself,

requested a continuance to “seek legal counsel” because she claimed she was

unaware of the law and felt like she needed an attorney to proceed. Id. at 17.

After some argument from the parties, the trial court denied Mother’s request

for a continuance, maintaining that she had already gone through three

attorneys and that the reason her attorney was forced to withdraw was because

of Mother’s own actions and specifically stating that “based on the information

I have, the reason for the loss of an attorney is of your own doing, ma’am.” Id.

at 39. The trial court also determined that if it continued the hearing, there

would be no time available until August 2019, and the trial court did not believe

that it would be fair for the children to wait that long for a resolution. Id. [7] During the hearing, evidence was heard concerning the issues of custody,

parenting time, and child support. At no time did Mother object to litigating

these issues or claim that she had not received notice that these issues would be

addressed at the hearing. Id. at 16-141. At the conclusion of the hearing, the

trial court took the issues of permanent custody, parenting time, and child

support under advisement. Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 38. On November 12,

2019, the trial court issued its order, awarding custody of the three children to

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Father, ordering parenting time in accordance with the Indiana Parenting Time

Guidelines, and child support in accordance with the attached Child Support

Worksheet. Id. at 18-21. Mother now appeals.

Discussion and Decision

I. Modification [8] “We review custody modifications for an abuse of discretion ‘with a preference

for granting latitude and deference to our trial judges in family law matters.’”

Hecht v. Hecht, 142 N.E.3d 1022, 1028 (Ind. Ct. App. 2020) (quoting Werner v.

Werner, 946 N.E.2d 1233, 1244 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011), trans. denied). We also

review a trial court’s decision to modify child support and parenting time only

for an abuse of discretion. Moell v. Moell, 84 N.E.3d 741, 744-45 (Ind. Ct. App.

2017); Hooker v. Hooker, 15 N.E.3d 1103, 1105 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014). This is

because it is the trial court that observes the parties’ conduct and demeanor and

hears their testimony firsthand. Hecht, 142 N.E.3d at 1029. We will not

reweigh the evidence or judge the credibility of the witnesses. Id. Rather, we

will reverse the trial court’s custody determination only if the decision is

“clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances or the

reasonable inferences drawn therefrom.” Id. [9] Mother argues that the trial court abused its discretion when it issued its order

modifying child custody, parenting time, and child support. She asserts that

these modifications were in error because neither party raised these

modification issues before the trial court. She contends that neither her Notice

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of Intent to Relocate nor Father’s Objection to Relocation expressed any

request to modify custody or parenting time, and therefore, the trial court’s

modifications of custody, parenting time, and child support were erroneous as a

matter of law. [10] In this case, the underlying issue is Mother’s intent to relocate. When a parent

intends to relocate, that parent must file a specific notice with the trial court that

issued the original custody and parenting time order and serve notice to the

non-relocating parent. Ind. Code § 31-17-2.2-1(a); Ind. Code § 31-17-2.2-3.

The nonrelocating parent must then file a response either consenting to the

relocation or objecting to the relocation. Ind. Code § 31-17-2.2-5. The trial

court may grant a temporary order restraining the relocation of the children

until the matter can be presented at a final hearing. Ind. Code § 31-17-2.2-6. [11] Here, on June 1, 2018, Mother filed her Rule to Show Cause and Application

for Temporary Emergency Removal of Children From Their Current Place of

Residence. Appellee’s App. Vol. 2 at 2-3. Paragraph three of this pleading stated

“[t]hat since the entry of this Court’s Order, there has been a change in

circumstances so substantial and continuing so as to make the current child

custody Order not in the best interest of said minor children.” Id. at 2.

Paragraph five requested that the trial court “give [Mother] temporary

emergency physical and legal custody of [the children].” Id. Mother further

requested the trial court to “give [Mother] temporary emergency custody, both

physical and legal, of the minor children, allowing [Mother] to remove the

children from the County of Pulaski, Indiana and take them to the County of

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Hamilton, Indiana.” Id. at 3. Therefore, from this pleading, it is clear that

Mother was seeking an award of full custody to herself so that she could

relocate with the children to Hamilton County, which is a substantial distance

away from Pulaski County. [12] On July 6, 2018, a hearing was held on Mother’s Motion for Contempt,

Mother’s Notice of Intent to Relocate, Mother’s Petition to Modify Custody,

and Father’s Objection to Relocation. Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 29. After the

hearing, the trial court issued an order on August 16, 2018, appointing a

guardian ad litem to investigate the issues of custody and parenting time, and

approving the parties’ Temporary Agreement regarding parenting time. Id. at

29-30. On December 17, 2018, a telephonic pretrial conference was held, and

the matter was set for a custody hearing on April 11, 2019. Id. at 12. On April

4, 2019, Mother, filed a Motion to Continue the April 11 custody hearing,

specifically requesting that the trial court “continue this matter for a [c]ustody

[h]earing on a time and date in which both parties and this Court can agree.”

Id. at 33. The trial court set the matter for a telephonic pretrial conference on

April 5, 2019, and at that hearing, Mother’s Motion to Continue was denied

and Mother’s counsel notified the trial court that he would be filing a Motion to

Withdraw. Id. at 14. The matter then proceeded to the custody hearing on

April 11, 2019, where Mother appeared without representation and did not

object to the issue of custody being litigated at that hearing. [13] From our review of the record, it is clear that Mother raised the issue of custody

modification in her June 1, 2018 pleading and that she was aware that custody

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was at issue in light of the facts that, in August 2018, a guardian ad litem was

ordered to be appointed to investigate the issues of custody and parenting time

and that, on December 17, 2018, the matter was set for a custody hearing to be

held on April 11, 2019. Based on the foregoing, it is clear that Mother was on

notice that the matter was set for a custody hearing on April 11, 2019, and that

the issue of custody would be litigated at that hearing, particularly in light of the

fact that she had raised the issue in her June 1, 2018 pleading. At no time prior

to this appeal did Mother object to custody being at issue or to the trial court

issuing an order on the modification issues after a final custody hearing. We,

therefore, conclude that Mother was aware that custody was at issue in the

proceedings in this matter and cannot now object to the issue being resolved by

the trial court. The trial court did not abuse its discretion when it modified

child custody, parenting time, and child support.

II. Continuance [14] The decision to grant or deny a motion for a continuance is within the sound

discretion of the trial court, and we will reverse the trial court only for an abuse

of that discretion. Smith v. Smith, 136 N.E.3d 656, 658 (Ind. Ct. App. 2019).

“An abuse of discretion may be found on the denial of a motion for a

continuance when the moving party has shown good cause for granting the

motion.” Id. at 658-59. An abuse of discretion will be found when a trial court

reaches a conclusion which is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts or

the reasonable and probable deductions which may be drawn therefrom. Id. at

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659. No abuse of discretion will be found when the moving party has not

shown that she was prejudiced by the denial. Id. [15] Mother contends that the trial court abused its discretion when it denied her

motion to continue the custody hearing to give her time to obtain counsel. She

argues that, in denying her request, the trial court deprived her of counsel at a

crucial stage of the proceedings, which was prejudicial to her. Mother further

asserts that it was an abuse of discretion for the trial court to deny her request

because a continuance would not have been prejudicial to Father as nothing in

the parties’ circumstances would have changed, and Father would have

maintained temporary custody of the children pending a new hearing date. [16] On April 5, 2019, counsel for Mother filed his Motion to Withdraw, and the

motion was granted by the trial court on April 8, 2019. Appellant’s App. Vol. II

at 34, 35. On April 11, 2019, at the beginning of the custody hearing, Mother,

who was representing herself, requested a continuance to “seek legal counsel”

because she claimed she was unaware of the law and felt like she needed an

attorney to proceed. Tr. Vol. 2 at 17. After argument from the parties, the trial

court denied Mother’s request for a continuance, maintaining that Mother had

already gone through three attorneys and that the reason her last attorney was

forced to withdraw was because of Mother’s own actions, specifically stating

that “based on the information I have, the reason for the loss of an attorney is

of your own doing, ma’am.” Id. at 39. The trial court further determined that

if it continued the hearing, there would be no time available for a hearing until

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August 2019, and the trial court did not believe that it would be fair for the

children to wait that long for a resolution of the issues. Id. [17] The withdrawal of counsel does not entitle a party to an automatic

continuance. Hamilton v. State, 864 N.E.2d 1104, 1109 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007)

(citing Danner v. Danner, 573 N.E.2d 934, 937 (Ind. Ct. App. 1991), trans.

denied). The party seeking a continuance must show that he or she is free from

fault. In re B.H., 44 N.E.3d 745, 748 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015) (citing Danner, 573

N.E.2d at 937), trans. denied. [18] Here, Mother cannot show that she is free from fault. In fact, the fault for

Mother’s attorney withdrawing and leaving her without representation on the

date of the custody hearing resulted from Mother’s own conduct. In denying

Mother’s request for a continuance, the trial court found that Mother had

already had three attorneys over the course of the proceedings. Tr. Vol. 2 at 39.

Further, the trial court stated, “based on the information I have, the reason for

the loss of an attorney is of your own doing, ma’am.” Id. When advising the

trial court that he planned to withdraw, Mother’s attorney had indicated that,

as a matter of ethics, he was forced to withdraw due to misrepresentations

made to him by Mother. Id. at 19. Mother was thus attempting to seek a

continuance to obtain a new attorney when it was through her own fault that

her prior attorney had withdrawn. Although Mother alleges that she was

prejudiced by the denial of her request for a continuance, she cannot show that

she was free from fault for the withdrawal of her counsel, which was what

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necessitated her request. We conclude that the trial court did not abuse its

discretion in denying Mother’s request for a continuance. [19] Further, the issues of custody, parenting time, and child support had been

pending since June 2018 when Mother filed her Notice of Intent to Relocate

and associated pleadings requesting modification. Therefore, at the time of the

custody hearing on April 11, 2019, the matters had been pending for close to

one year. The trial court advised the parties that if a continuance was granted,

the hearing would have to be postponed until August 2019, which would be

fourteen months after the original pleadings were filed. Tr. Vol. 2 at 39. Thus,

it was in the best interest of the parties and particularly the children to conduct

the custody hearing in April to ensure that the matters could be resolved sooner

as opposed to having a custody hearing in August, the same month that school

was set to begin for the children, especially if the trial court had determined that

the children could relocate with Mother. Based on this, we cannot conclude

that the trial court’s decision to deny Mother’s request for a continuance was

clearly against the logic and effect of the facts or the reasonable and probable

deductions which may be drawn therefrom. See Smith, 136 N.E.3d at 658.

Therefore, the trial court did not abuse its discretion. [20] Affirmed.

Najam, J., and Brown, J., concur.

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