Dempsey v. Stovall

DAVIS, Commissioner. Albert Dempsey, the appellant herein, a qualified voter of the 97th Legislative District composed of Johnson and Martin Counties, instituted this action in the Franklin Circuit Court asserting that appellee, Fred Wolchik, failed to comply with pertinent provisions of KRS Chapter 123. Dempsey alleged that Wolchik had received a majority of the votes cast in the Republican Primary held May 23, 1967, in the contest for representative in the 97th Legislative District of Kentucky, and demanded that the Secretary of State and the county court clerks be enjoined from taking the administrative steps looking toward placing the name of Wolchik on the ballot to be used in the general election to be held November 7, 1967, in the legislative district. The trial court denied the relief sought and dismissed the complaint, and Dempsey prosecutes this appeal testing the propriety of that judgment. KRS Chapter 123 was enacted as Senate Bill No. 265 in the General Assembly of 1966 and became effective June 16, 1966. The legislation referred to substantially supplanted the Corrupt Practices Act which had previously been embodied in KRS Chapter 123. KRS 123.071(1) provides: “Each candidate in an election shall appoint one campaign treasurer and shall designate a campaign depository on or before the date of public announcement of his candidacy or on the date he files as a candidate, whichever is sooner. The candidate may appoint himself or any other registered voter in Kentucky as his campaign treasurer and may designate any bank authorized by law to transact business in Kentucky as his campaign depository. The candidate shall file the name and address of the campaign treasurer and the campaign depository with the Registry, and his qualification shall not be complete until he has met this requirement.” KRS 123.086 directs the filing of reports to the Kentucky Registry of Election Finance (hereinafter Registry). [421] KRS 123.991 is as follows: “(1) Any person who violates a provision of this act is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both. Violations shall include but shall not be limited to any of the following acts or omissions; (a) Failure to make required reports or to file reports at times specified; (b) Making any false statement or report; (c) Giving money under a fictitious., name; (d) Making any communication to support or defeat a candidate without identification of sponsorship. (2) The nomination for, or election to, an office of any candidate who violates any provision of this act, or whose campaign treasurer or any deputy campaign treasurer violates a provision of this act with such candidate’s knowledge, shall be void, and the office or candidacy shall be filled as provided by law for the filling of a vacancy. (3) Promptly after the final date for filing statements and reports the Registry shall notify all persons who have become delinquent in filing the same, including contributors, and shall make available a list of such delinquents for public inspection. The registry shall also report to the Attorney General and the Commonwealth attorneys such list. (4) Any registered voter may sue for in-junctive relief to compel compliance with the provisions of this act. (5) Prosecution for violation of any provision of this act shall not be commenced after one year has elapsed from the date of the violation.” In his answer, Fred Wolchik, the successful candidate in the Primary, admitted: “ * * * that he did not appoint or designate his campaign depository until May 31, 1967, or file any financial reports required by Chapter 123.086 (sic) until May 24, 1967, and that the same were deposited in the United States mail late on May 22,1967, and that it is probably true that the postmark thereon reflects the date of May 23, 1967.” An'affidavit of Kenneth P. Vinsel, Executive Director of the Kentucky Registry of Election Finance, disclosed that three written communications were directed to appel-lee Wolchik from the Registry apprising him of the requirements of KRS Chapter 123, but that no reply was received by the Registry until May 24, 1967, in an envelope postmarked at Paintsville on May 23, 1967. The affidavit of Mr. Vinsel reflects that the name of the depository was not furnished to the Registry until June 1, 1967, in an envelope postmarked May 31, 1967. On June 5, 1967, the Registry received two reports of contributions and expenditures dated June 2, 1967. The appellant asserts that the provisions of KRS Chapter 123 requiring the appointment of a campaign treasurer and designation of a campaign depository are mandatory. It is also contended that the financial reports prescribed by KRS 123.086 are mandatorily required and that Wolchik’s nomination is void for his failure to comply with the requirements of the act in these respects. The appellee Wolchik contends, and was upheld in his contentions by the trial court, that the interests and rights sought to be served and protected by KRS Chapter 123 are those of the voters and the general public of the district, and that absent a showing that non-compliance or dilatory compliance injured or denied such protection to the public, it cannot be said that Wolchik is disqualified from the nomination which a ma [422] jority of the voters conferred upon him. Moreover, it is contended by appellee Wol-chik and was found by the trial court that there was substantial compliance with the provisions of the act. It is to be observed that appellee Stovall, Secretary of State for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, filed answer herein in which the court was requested to decide the issue prior to the deadline for certifying the names and addresses of the duly nominated candidates. The county court clerks of Johnson and Martin Counties have not filed any pleadings in this proceeding. The litigants point out that there has been no decision of this court construing present KRS Chapter 123. The appellant and ap-pellee Wolchik direct our attention to prior decisions of this court construing provisions of KRS Chapter 123 as they existed prior to the 1966 legislation. These decisions are: Sparkman v. Saylor, 180 Ky. 263, 202 S.W. 649; Best v. Sidebottom, 270 Ky. 423, 109 S.W.2d 826; Raney v. Stovall, Ky., 361 S.W.2d 518; Breathitt v. Warren County Election Commission, Ky., 372 S.W.2d 793; Board of Trustees of Demossville Graded Common School District v. Board of Education of Kenton County, 193 Ky. 502, 236 S.W. 1038; Raymer v. Willis, 240 Ky. 634, 42 S.W.2d 918; Monhollan v. Rice, 287 Ky. 814, 155 S.W.2d 223. In addition to the domestic cases cited, appellee invites our attention to United Fuel Gas Company v. Railroad Commission, 278 U.S. 300, 49 S.Ct. 150, 73 L.Ed. 390. Without undertaking an analysis of each of the authorities cited and numerous others which have emanated from this court incident to litigation involving prior legislation, it suffices to say that the filing of financial reports as required by the Corrupt Practices Act is a mandatory requirement. We need not now decide whether , a substantial compliance vis-a-vis strict compliance satisfies the mandate of the act. It is patent that failure to file reports and designations required by the act until after the date of the Primary cannot be deemed compliance, substantial or strict. In this state of case, it would be to emasculate the salutary provisions of the act to permit ap-pellee Wolchik to receive the benefits of the nomination obtained in flagrant violation of the law’s clear provisions. We are not to be understood as here holding that the appellant Dempsey has sufficient standing in court to obtain the redress ordered in this appeal. We reserve that question without adjudication. It is significant that the terms of KRS 123.071(1) made appellee Wolchik unqualified for the office by his failure to comply with its terms. In view of the public question involved, and in view of the fact that a public official, here the Secretary of State, seeks judicial determination of her duties in the premises, we are constrained to hold that the nomination of Wolchik in the circumstances presented by this record is a void nomination under the clear provisions of KRS 123.991. Accordingly, the Secretary of State will not certify appellee Fred Wol-chik as the Republican nominee for House of Representatives from the 97th Legislative District of Kentucky, and the appellees, James Muncy, county court clerk of Martin County, and Roy R. Ross, county court clerk of Johnson County, will not place the name of Wolchik on the ballot for the November 7, 1967, election based upon the nomination of Wolchik in the Primary held May 23, 1967. The candidacy for such office shall be filled as provided by law for the filling of a vacancy. The judgment is reversed with directions to enter a new judgment in conformity with the opinion. WILLIAMS, C. J., and OSBORNE, STEINFELD, MILLIKEN and EDWARD P. HILL, JJ., concur. MONTGOMERY, J., dissents. PALMORE, J., not sitting.