In re Brickey

QDAKLES, C. J. — The petitioner applies to this court for a writ of habeas corpus, and in the petition sets forth and shows that he is unlawfully imprisoned, confined, and restrained of his liberty by A. W. Kroutinger, sheriff of Nez Perces county, at the county jail in the county of Nez Perces, in the state of Idaho; that he is so imprisoned under a commitment which issued out of the justice’s court of West Lewiston precinct, in the county of Nez Perces, in a criminal action wherein petitioner was convicted upon the charge of carrying a deadly weapon, to wit, a loaded revolver, within the limits and confines of the city of Lewiston, contrary to the provisions of the act of the territory of Idaho approved February 4, 1889 (Sess. Laws 1889, p. 27); and, in accordance with the prayer of said petition, the writ was issued, and return thereto duly made by the said sheriff. From the petition and return it appears that the only offense charged against the petitioner, of which he has been convicted, and is now restrained of his liberty, is that he carried a deadly weapon within the limits of the city of Lewiston, in contravention of the said act of February 4, 1889. The second amendment to the federal constitution is in the following language: “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.” The language of section 11, article 1 of the constitution of Idaho, is as follows: “The people have the right to bear arms for their security and defense, but the legislature shall regulate the exercise of this [599] right by law.” Under these constitutional provisions, the legislature has no power to prohibit a citizen from bearing-arms in any portion of the state of Idaho, whether within or without the corporate limits of cities, towns, and villages. The legislature may, as expressly provided in our state constitution, regulate the exercise of this right, but may not prohibit it. A statute prohibiting the carrjdng of concealed deadly weapons would be a proper exercise of the police power oE the state.But the statute in question does not prohibit the earning of weapons concealed, which is of itself a pernicious practice, but prohibits the carrying of them in any manner in cities, towns, and villages. We are compelled to hold this statute void. The statute being void, the said justice’s court had no jurisdiction of the subject matter of the action, and the said judgment of conviction, and the commitment which issued thereon, and the detention of the petitioner under said commitment and judgment of conviction, are illegal and void. The said judgment being void, habeas corpus will lie, and the prisoner should be discharged from custody, and it is so ordered. Sullivan and Stockslager, JJ., concur.