Ex parte Harrison

McKee, J. The punishment prescribed for the offense of gaming, as defined by section 330 of the Penal Code, is a fine of not less than two hundred dollars, nor more than one thousand dollars, and imprisonment in the county jail until payment of the fine and costs, not exceeding one year. Satisfaction of a judgment for fine and costs, rendered under the provisions of the section, can only be made in one of two ways; namely, by payment in money, or by imprisonment for the time fixed by the judgment, ivhieh must be within the maximum time prescribed by the section. A prisoner held in custody for failure to pay such a judgment is only entitled to be discharged upon payment of the fine and [300] costs in money, at any time within the' term of his imprisonment, or by serving out the term of his imprisonment. Section 330 gives him no right to pay either fine or costs by imprisonment at the rate of one dollar per day. Sections 1205 and 1446 of the Penal Code are inapplicable to sentences imposed under section 330. Section 1205 relates to the satisfaction of judgments in the Superior Courts imposing a fine only, and section 1446 relates to the satisfaction of such fines imposed by judgments in Justices’ or Police Courts. Both provide for the payment of such fines by imprisonment at the rate of one dollar for each day’s imprisonment. Any judgment for a fine only substantially conforming to the provisions of those sections would be valid and sufficient (Ex parte Ellis, 54 Cal. 204), and one held in custody under it would be entitled to a credit of a dollar for each day he may have remained in prison, and, at any time, would be entitled to his discharge upon paying the sum remaining due. (Ex parte Kelly, 28 Cal. 414.) It would be otherwise, however, as to a party held in custody by a commitment upon a judgment for fine and costs imposed under the provisions of section 330. He would have no right to his discharge at any time within the term of his imprisonment Avithout first paying in money the judgment against him. Both fine and costs must first be paid, or the prisoner serve his term of imprisonment. Until one or the other of these things be done the sheriff is bound to detain him in custody. (§ 1215, Pen. Code.) But to authorize his detention the judgment must, under the provisions of section 330, specify the amount of the fine aud costs, and the punishment to be inflicted. That section fixes the minimum and maximum of the fine, and the maximum of the imprisonment for the offense; and it is the duty of the court in which conviction has been had to render judgment within the boundaries established, and to specify in the judg7 ment the amount of the fine, and the term of the imprisonment, and in that regard the judgment should be certain and definite, and complete in itself, so that Avhat it requires to be done may be known without resort to anything outside of it. A judgment rendered upon a conviction under section 330 must specify the term of imprisonment, otherwise it is not such a judgment as is [301] authorized by the section. And as no term of imprisonment for the offense of which the petitioner was convicted under section 330 is fixed by the judgment under which he is held in custody, he is illegally held, and must be discharged. It is so ordered. Thornton, J., and Sharpstein, J., concurred.