Krumdick v. Crump

Beatty, C. J. This is an original proceeding by mandamus. The petitioner is plaintiff in an action (Krumdick v. White) commenced in the superior court of Lake County in the year 1887. The respondent, who was the attorney for the defendant in that actiou, has been since January, 1891, judge of the superior court of Lake County. In December, 1891, the judgment of the superior court of Lake County in the action referred to was reversed by this court, and the cause remanded for a new trial. (Krumdick v. White, 92 Cal. 143.) On the 14th of January, 1892, the remittitur was filed in the superior court, and on the 16th of the same month Mrs. Kvumdick’s attorney duly notified the defendant White that she would on the 1st of February, 1892, move the superior court of Lake County for an order transferring said cause for trial to the nearest superior court, where the like objection or cause for re [118] moval did not exist, upon the ground that the judge of the superior court of Lake County (the respondent herein) was disqualified. This notice of motion was accompanied and supported by a formal demand for a change of the place of trial of said action and by affidavits showing the disqualification of the judge. On the 1st of February, 1892, said motion came on regularly to be heard before the respondent, but the hearing was continued by him to February 8th, because the defendant in said action was not present. On February 8th, on motion of the defendant’s attorney, opposed by plaintiff’s attorney, the hearing of said motion was again continued to February 15th. On February 15th the hearing was continued by consent to March 14th. On that day the motion was by consent submitted on briefs to be filed by plaintiff in ten days; defendant in fifteen and plaintiff five. On March 19th the defendant in that action filed and served on the plaintiff an affidavit tending to show that the convenience of witnesses required that said action be not removed to another county, but be retained in Lake County to be tried before some superior judge from some other county, to be called for that purpose. On March 21st the order of March 14th for the submission of the motion on briefs to be filed was vacated by respondent, and a new order to the same effect extending for one week the time of' the respective parties for filing briefs' was entered. Briefs were thereafter filed in pursuance of the last order. At the time of filing her reply brief, April 20, 1892, plaintiff delivered to the respondent all the papers in the case, and her motion was regularly submitted, but it has never been decided. This proceeding to compel the respondent to act upon said motion and to grant it was commenced January 7, 1893, nearly nine months after the motion was submitted. The respondent’s excuse for not acting on the motion is that the affidavit filed by the defendant on March 19th, tending to show that the convenience of witnesses required the retention of the cause in Lake County for trial, presented an issue which he was disqualified to try or determine, and made it necessary that he should call another superior judge from some other county to decide the motion. And he says he did invite the Hon. S. K. Dougherty of Sonoma County to hold a session of the superior court in Lake County to, hear and determine [119] causes in which he was disqualified; that Judge Dougherty, in pursuance of such invitation, did hold such session of court, commencing June 8, 1892; that said cause of Krumdick v. White was on the calendar for June 8, 1892, and regularly called by Judge Dougherty, but was on motion of the plaintiff stricken from the calendar, and never restored. There is nothing in any of the facts here recited to justify or excuse the respondent for refusing or neglecting to perform the plain statutory duty imposed upon him by section 398 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The case provided for by that section was clearly made out by the uncontradicted affidavits filed in the support of the motion, and aside from the affidavits the essential fact upon which the right to transfer the cause depended was necessarily within the knowledge of the respondent, whose duty it was to make the order without delay. (Liver-more v. Brundage, 64 Cal. 299.) There should have been no postponement on account of the absence of the defendant, no continuances, no time given for the filing of briefs, no holding under advisement, no entertaining of any counter-motion based upon grounds calling for the exercise of judicial discretion. The plain injunction of the statute leaves the disqualified judge in such cases no discretion. He has but one thing to do, and it is his duty to do that thing at once. This case does not come within the rule of Upton v. Upton, 94 Cal. 26, in which we felt constrained to follow the decision in Paige v. Carroll, 61 Cal. 216. We did so, however, becau e the point of practice had been so settled, and not without serious doubts as to the correctness of the decision which ignores what seems to be a substantial provision of the statute, designed to prevent the selection by either party to the controversy of the court and judge before whom the trial is to be had. It is not necessary here to determine whether the practice tolerated in Upton v. Upton, and Paige v. Carroll, supra, can be longer recognized. It is enough to say that in those cases the court went to the extreme verge of toleration, and that the exceptions to the statutory rule will certainly not be extended. It is ordered that a peremptory writ of mandate issue as prayed. De Haven, J., and McFarland, J., concurred.