Wurts v. Jenkins

By the Court, Harris, J. Two questions are presented by this demurrer; first, whether one executor may maintain an action against his co-executor; and second, whether the surrogate’s decree upon the final accounting is a bar to such an action. The first question has been determined against the defendant in Smith v. Lawrence, cited by his counsel upon the argument. (11 Paige, 206.) In that case, a surrogate had dismissed an application made by one executor against his co-executor for an account. Upon appeal the chancellor reversed the decision. “ A court of equity,” he says, “ from its peculiar mode of administering justice, can settle the questions as to the fact of indebtedness, and as to the amount due from one of the executors to [548] the estate, of which both are trustees, whenever the decision of those questions becomes necessary, without changing the possession of the fund; and when the amount of such indebtedness is ascertained, the court may make such disposition of the fund as justice and equity shall then require.” He then proceeds to say, that he can see no valid objection to a similar proceeding before the surrogate, where the object is the same. [Albany General Term, September 1, 1851. Harris, Watson and Wright, Justices.] Decker v. Miller, (2 Paige, 149,) was, like this, a bill filed by two executors against their co-executor, to compel him to pay a debt he owed the estate, which was necessary to satisfy a debt due to one of the plaintiffs. It was held that the debt which the defendant owed the estate was assets in his hands for the payment of debts, and that the plaintiff having a debt against the estate, was entitled to have such assets applied to its satisfaction. It is scarcely necessary to say that this court is vested with the same jurisdiction which the late court of chancery possessed, and that since the distinction between proceedings at law and in equity has been abolished, an action may be maintained in any case in which, under the former practice, either a suit at law or a bill in equity might have been maintained. The defendant’s counsel is also mistaken as to the effect of the final accounting. The statute, in express terms, limits the effect of the surrogate’s decree to the matters embraced in the account. It furnishes no evidence in respect to any matter not appearing upon the face of the account. (2 R. S. 94, § 65.) Here, it is alledged that the defendant has never, in any manner, rendered an account of the debt as due from him to the estate. If this be so, he can not set up the decree upon the final accounting as a bar to his liability. The plaintiffs are, therefore, entitled to judgment upon the demurrer, but the defendant may have liberty to answer upon the payment of costs.