McGregor v. James Buell

Henry R. Selden, J. The record in this case appears to be very defective. This court can only look at the return of the court below for the facts upon which its judgment is to be given. Facts stated in the opinion of the court below, or elsewhere, not found in the return, cannot be regarded. From the return alone, it is not easy to ascertain what has been decided by the supreme court, and still less so to ascertain the grounds upon which such decision was based. It must, doubtless, be assumed from the uniformity of the names of the parties (although 'the fact is not otherwise shown), that the judgment of this court of October, 1861, and the order or judgment of the supreme court of May 5, 1863, and that of June 16,1863, were all parts of the proceedings in one cause ; and we may, therefore, resort to the recitals in the last mentioned judgment, by the aid of which alone we are enabled to ascertain the subject matter either of the judgment now complained of, or of the former judgment of this court. From those recitals, it appears that the judgment which was reversed by this court, “ without costs, and without prejudice to any future application for letters testamentary,” was a judgment of the supreme court, affirming a decree of the surrogate of Saratoga county, granting to James McGregor, Jr., letters testamentary upon the will of James McGregor, deceased, staying for thirty days the granting of like letters testamentary to Duncan McGregor, on account of objections filed against granting such letters ; giving costs to Duncan McGregor and James Buell, for witnesses’ fees and expenses in the proceedings to prove said will, and appointing appraisers of the goods of the deceased. Upon filing the remittitur from this court containing such reversal, it appears that the supreme court proceeded, in accordance with the judgment of this court, to reverse their former judgment, and. added a further judgment in these [454] words, viz : “ It is further ordered, that the respondents pay to Duncan McGregor his costs of this appeal in this case, adjudged at $381.10 and they also ordered the proceeedings to be remitted to the surrogate of Saratoga county, with directions to enforce the payment of the costs awarded to Duncan McGregor, against James Buell and James McGregor, Jr., and to proceed in the matter of granting letters testamentary, and the disposition of the costs which had accrued .in contesting the will according to law. The sole question now presented is, whether this further order, awarding costs against James Buell and James McGregor, Jr., can be sustained, that being the subject of the present appeal. It does not distinctly appear from the judgment, how these costs accrued. I assume, however, that they were the costs of the appeal taken by Duncan McGregor to the supreme court, from the decree of the surrogate granting letters testamentary to James McGregor, Jr., and denying them to him. If those costs were allowed to Duncan MevGregor, by the original judgment of the supreme court, no appeal appearing by the record to have been taken against him, from such former judgment, the repetition of the allowance in the present judgment would be unobjectionable. Such, however, does not appear to have been the case, and I understand the respondent’s counsel to claim that the allowance was a new or farther provision, added by the supreme court, to the judgment of this court. If this be the true character of the judgment appealed from, it cannot be sustained. It was not proper for the supreme court, on the return of the remittitur, to add any new and independent direction to the judgment of this court, beyond what was required to carry that- judgment into effect. I place no particular reliance upon the words “ without costs,’’ because those words would naturally apply only to the costs of the appeal to this court. My judgment would have been the same if these words had been omitted, for the reason that the supreme court could not add'to the judgment contained in the remittitur from this court a new and [455] further judgment, even for costs of the appeal of that court. If that course were allowed, it would either deprive the party affected by such new judgment of the right of appeal, in regard to it, or would authorize several successive appeals from the supreme court to this court, before the case could be remitted to the court of original jurisdiction. It has been often held that no appeal from the sujpreme court to this court, can properly be brought until that court, by its judgment, has finally disposed of the whole matter before it, including the right to costs, as well as other rights of the parties. Upon appeal from such judgment, or any part of it, it undoubtedly becomes the duty of this court to affirm, reverse or modify the whole judgment, or such part of it as may be appealed from, where the appeal is only from a part. If the judgment of this court fails to determine any part of the subject of the appeal, the defect cannot be supplied in the court below. It is insisted by the respondent’s counsel, that the costs of the appeal to the supreme court, are given by statute to the prevailing party, and that, consequently, that court was bound to include them in its judgment. (3 B. S. 5th ed. 905, §§ 19, 20.) If the case were within this statute, the position of the respondent’s counsel might perhaps, be correct ; but the statute applies only to appeals involving the validity and proof of wills, and not to cases like the present, which relates only to the granting or withholding of letters testamentary upon a will, the validity or execution of which does not appear by the present record to have been involved in the appeal. In such cases, costs are granted or refused, in the discretion of the .court. (3 B. 8. 909, § 6; Gode, § 471; 22 N. 7. 422.) To prevent a possible infererice of an intention to impute to the supreme court a disposition to overstep its authority, or to disregard in any respect the judgment of this court, it is proper to say that no such opinion is entertained, or intended to be expressed. On looking at the opinion delivered in the supreme court, and at the report of the decisions of this court on the former appeal (24 N. 7.166), it appears [456] very probable that other facts exist, not shown by the present record, which might have justified the judgment of the supreme court. The transcript from the court below is obviously, very defective, as it does not conform to the rules of this court, or to those of the supreme court, touching such appeals (Buie 2, Court of Appeals; rule 44, Supreme Court); but as neither party has asked for any amendment of it, or any further return (Buie 3, Court of Appeals), we can only pronounce judgment upon the record as it appears before us. The judgment of the supreme court, so far as it is appealed from, should be reversed, but without costs of this appeal to either party. Denio, Oh. J., Weight, Davies and Ehott, Judges, con-, curred.