McArdle v. McDaniel

Jackson, Chief Justice. This record discloses, with the bill' of exceptions, error assigned upon the refusal of the court to set aside a judgment of final forfeiture of a recognizance, on amotion therefor made during the term. The proof is that defendant in the indictment was prevented from appearing at the first term, when the scire facias was issued, by his own sickness, and when the case was called at the next term, to which the scire facias'\v as returnable, he again failed to appear from the sickness of his wife. These providential causes of absence at both terms were verified on the motion to set-aside the judgment. After the final judgment was rendered, but at the same term, the defendant appeared, and was tried and acquitted; and then (his motion to vacate the final judgment of forfeiture was made, all costs having been paid. [271] The point is ruled in 45 Ga., 9, and 17 Id., 88, the former case referring to the latter as authority, and holding that there is no difference between the forfeiture of a criminal recognizance and that of a ca. sa. bond in a civil case under the old system of imprisonment for debt. The only difference between the case at bar and that in the 45th Ga. is, that the offer was made by bail, at ihe call of the case on the return term of the scire facias, to show that their principal was absent from sickness, with no excuse for absence at the first term at ail, and they moved to continue for such absence, in the case in the 45th; whereas, here there was no motion to continue by bail, but proof of sickness at the first term, and the wife’s sickness at the return term, made on the motion to vacate. The difference is not substantial. The principle decided is, that the objects of the law are accomplished by the appearance of the principal at the return term of the scire facias before the juries are discharged; that the bail has until that time to produce his principal, and that the policy of the law is not to make money for the state, but to secure the trial of the man charged with crime. When we refer to the case in the 17th Ga., 88, and read the opinion of the court there, pronounced by Judge Benning, all doubt vanishes, and it expressly decided that the appearance of the defendant at any time in the term befo) e the juries have been discharged, is a performance of the condition of the bond. True, that was a ca. sa. bond, and this is a criminal recognizance, but this court, in the 45th Qa., ruled that no difference between the two existed in principle. It follows that the judgment should have been vacated. Judgment reversed.