Weems v. Simpson

Lumpkin, Justice. This was an action brought by the Misses Weems against Robert A. Simpson for the recovery of certain realty in the town of Washington. By the abstract attached to the petition, it appears that the plaintiffs claim title under a deed from their father and mother, John B. and Mary-E. Weems, to Samuel B. Wingfield, trustee, dated November 16th, 1861, plaintiff's being two of the four children specified in the deed, and claiming as beneficiaries thereunder. Besides the general issue and prescription, the defendant filed a plea of “ res adjudicata,” alleging that upon a bill in- equity formerly brought by these plaintiff's for the same property, and claiming under the same title now relied on, agaiust-the administrator of one Nicholas Wylie, it had been adjudicated they had no right'to recover. This plea alleged further that defendant is in privity with the estate of Wylie, because the father of defendant, at a sale lawfully made by Wylie’s administrator, after the final disposition of the — 365 — above mentioned bill, purchased all the right, title and interest of Wylie’s estate in the premises, and the defendant now holds the same under his father’s will. After the evidence was in, the judge withdrew the case from the jury, passed an order sustaining the plea of “res adjudicata,” and dismissed the case; and our conclusion is that there was no error in the judgment rendered. The property in dispute was involved in the bill referred to, which was filed by Belle Virgin and the other children of John B. Weems and wife, including the present plaintiffs, against John T. Wingfield, as administrator of Wylie, many years ago. That case came to this court three times, is reported in 51 Ga. 139, 54 Ga. 451, and 56 Ga. 474, and finally resulted in a verdict and decree in favor of the defendant. The bill, as it originally stood, prayed for the cancellation, as clouds upon complainants’ title, of the two deeds to Wylie mentioned in 51 Ga.; also, that an account be taken of the rents, issues and profits of the property from the time Wylie took possession of it; that the amount of damage done by him, resulting from certain alleged acts of waste, might be fixed ; that they recover of Wylie’s administrator these several amounts of money, as well as the property itself; and that Samuel B. Wingfield be removed from his office as trustee, and some other person be appointed in his stead. On the trial of the present case, the entire record of the former case was in evidence, and it was also shown that at a sale of the property which was made by John' T. Wingfield, as administrator of Wylie, after the termination of the above mentioned litigation, it was purchased by William W. Simpson, deceased who was the father of the present defendant, under whose will the latter claims. The terms of the deed from John B. ■Weems and wife to Samuel B. Wingfield, trustee, are — 366 — stated in the opinion of Chief Justice Warner, appearing in 51 Ga., supra. An examination of the reports of the former case in the three volumes above cited will not, however, by any means disclose all that will appear from an inspection of the papers constituting the entire record in that case. It is not our present purpose to set forth here that record. The case was so complicated, and in so many respects sui generis, our ruling that the effect of the final decree rendered in it was to cut off' the plaintiff's from any right to recover in the case at bar would be of but little value as. a precedent. It is hardly probable that a state of facts precisely similar, or even closely resembling those now involved, will again arise. For these reasons, we do not think the time and labor requisite to state and discuss all the facts involved and to deal with all the vai’ious questions presented would be profitably expended. The case therefore is not one specially calling for an opinion, but for the fact that the bringing of it was probably inspired by certaiu remarks of Chief Justice Bleckley in the case of East Rome Town Company v. Cothran et al., 81 Ga. 359. We simply wish to show that what he said there is not inconsistent with our present judgment. Among the very important papers not disclosed by any of the reports of the Virgin case maybe mentioned: 1st. A demurrer to the complainants’ bill filed by the defendant, setting up that they had no right to- sue for or recover the property until after the death of their father, John B. Weems. 2d. A judgment overruling this demurrer, which in,effect adjudicated that they could maintain their bill and recover during his lifetime, if they sustained their averments by evidence. 3d. An amendment filed to the bill before the second trial in Wilkes superior court, containing numerous and important allegations. 4th. The full charge given by the judge at the last trial in that — 367 — court, showing clearly the issues then made and passed upon. It is unnecessary to set forth the contents or substance of these documents. Suffice it to say that had they been set forth in the reports referred to, there would have been a much more complete exhibition of the nature of the litigation, and the legal effect of the final disposition of it upon the complainants’ rights would have been more apparent. What the Chief Justice said in the East Home case must be considered in the light of the facts just mentioned. We quote from his opinion in that ease the following language : “ At first view, the case of Wingfield v. Virgin, 51 Ga. 139, would seem to militate with these decisions, but it is susceptible of an easy reconciliation with their purport. Upon looking at the terms of the conveyance in Wingfield v. Virgin, it is obvious that the question of whether the children took a legal remainder, had it been directly made, could have been decided in the affirmative; but that question was not made, inasmuch as the purpose of the bill filed by the children and their mother was to reinstate the trust and obtain an accounting for the income of the property, not after the death of the parents, but for a period which had elapsed while they were alive. The decision of the court was that the bill was barred. Why was it barred ? ' Because Wylie, the purchaser, had bought in good faith and held for seven years or more as against the trust title, and that title, though it may have been limited to the life of Weems and wife, was barred by such holding.' The trust estate was therefore gone, and of course, with it, the right to recover income to which the trustee or the beneficiaries pending his term would have been entitled. The court did not undertake to adjudicate how long the trust estate continued, but only that, the trustee being barred, the beneficiaries could not have the trust reinstated so as to have the trust term go on for their benefit, and so — 368 — as to recover the rents and profits to which the trustee had the legal title. It was not, and never has been, decided that the children, after the death of Weems and wife, could not recover the property upon their legal title as remaindermen.” 81 Ga. 362, 363. The last sentence contains an intimation that the present plaintiffs, after the death of their father and mother, might recover the property in dispute. It must, of course, be borne in mind that the Chief Justice was not then endeavoring to pass upon the merits of the present case. He simply referred to the Virgin case, where it was first reported in 51st Ga., with a view to showing that it was reconcilable with other cases he had just cited. Even if he had examined the reports of the Virgin case in 54th and 56th Ga., they would not have disclosed all of the record of that case now material, — notably the parts above mentioned, viz : the demurrer to the original bill; the overruling of the same; the amendment filed by the complainants ; and the charge of the court upon the last trial in the superior court. In order to determine definitely and authoritatively the question whether the Weems children are now entitled to recover upon their legal title as remaindermen, it is necessary to examine and consider the force and effect of the pleadings and the verdicts and judgments rendered thereon in Wilkes superior court in the prior litigation concerning this same property, in connection with all the proceedings and, contentions of the parties; and to do this properly, an inspection of the entire record of the former case is indispensable. Without such inspection, the remark of the Chief Justice that this court had never decided that the Weems children could not recover upon their legal title as remaindermen, could, in no fair view, be treated as decisive of the controlling question presented in the present case. Indeed, that remark, when considered with reference to the record as disclosed in the report — 369 — in 51 Ga., and even as disclosed in the reports in 54 and 56 Ga., was not only accurate in itself, but the intimation contained in it was perfectly correct. Those reports, as we have shown, by no means set forth the entire record of the former case, or disclose with certainty within what limits the contentions of the parties, as actually made and submitted, were confined. Having now before us the whole record, we have, after a thorough and careful examination of it, reached the conclusion that the plaintiffs in the present case were estopped by the final verdict and judgment in the former litigation, and that the court below was right in so holding. Judgment affirmed.