Dommer Construction Corp. v. Savarino Construction Services Corp.

Appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Niagara County (Richard C. Kloch, Sr., A.J.), entered January 5, 2010. The judgment granted defendants’ motions for summary judgment, dismissed the complaint and denied plaintiffs cross motion for summary judgment. It is hereby ordered that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs. Memorandum: Defendant Savarino Construction Services Corp. (Savarino) contracted with Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center (Medical Center) to construct a new emergency room and heart center (Project) at the Medical Center. Defendant The Cincinnati Insurance Company issued a payment bond to Savarino, and Savarino subcontracted with plaintiff to perform an extensive portion of the construction. After completing its work on the Project, one of the officers of plaintiff corporation signed a conditional interim waiver of lien and claim (Release). Pursuant to the terms of the Release, plaintiff waived, released and relinquished “any and all claims, demands and rights of lien to the extent of the amount shown hereon and previously paid, for all work, labor materials, machinery or other goods, equipment or services done, performed or furnished for the construction located at the [Pjroject.” Plaintiff accepted payment of the amounts set forth in the Release, but thereafter commenced this action seeking payment for overtime and extra work allegedly not encompassed by the terms of the Release. Defendants each moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint, contending, inter alia, that the Release barred plaintiffs complaint, and plaintiff cross-moved for, inter alia, summary judgment on the complaint. Supreme Court initially denied the motions and cross motion on the ground that there were triable issues of fact requiring a trial, but the parties thereafter stipulated to permit the court to rule on all issues of fact and law based on the papers before it. We conclude that the court properly granted defendants’ motions and dismissed the complaint. It is well settled that “a general release is governed by [1618] principles of contract law” (Mangini v McClurg, 24 NY2d 556, 562 [1969]; see Litvinov v Hodson, 74 AD3d 1884, 1885 [2010]; Kaminsky v Gamache, 298 AD2d 361, 361 [2002]) and that, where “a release is unambiguous, the intent of the parties must be ascertained from the plain language of the agreement” (Kaminsky, 298 AD2d at 361). Here, according to the unambiguous language of the Release, plaintiff waived, released and relinquished any and all claims and demands for, inter alia, all work, materials and services performed on the Project, and thus “the fact that [plaintiff] may have intended something else is irrelevant” (Booth v 3669 Del., 242 AD2d 921, 922 [1997]; affd 92 NY2d 934 [1998] [internal quotation marks omitted]). The Release, on its face, constitutes a complete bar to any action on the subcontract between plaintiff and Savarino (see Diontech Consulting, Inc. v New York City Hous. Auth., 78 AD3d 527, 528 [2010]; Littman v Magee, 54 AD3d 14, 17 [2008]). “Although a party may, by its conduct, implicitly recognize that a right to additional payment has not been extinguished by the release[ ] in question . . . , there is simply no course of conduct here that could conceivably be construed as an acknowledgment by [defendants] of plaintiffs right to further payment,” particularly in view of the fact that plaintiffs officer signed the Release after the applications for the additional payment sought in this action had been submitted (Diontech Consulting, Inc., 78 AD3d at 528). There is no support in the record for plaintiffs contention that the overtime and extra work were performed pursuant to separate and distinct contracts with Savarino. Present— Scudder, P.J., Peradotto, Lindley, Green and Gorski, JJ.