Marx v. Kessler

Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court, Erie County (John F. O’Donnell, J.), entered June 2, 2015. The order, insofar as appealed from, upon reargument, granted the motion of defendant Bernard M. Shevlin for summary judgment dismissing the complaint against him in action No. 1. It is hereby ordered that the order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs. Memorandum: The plaintiffs in action No. 1, Carrie Marx (plaintiff) and Patrie A. Marx (Marx) (collectively, plaintiffs), commenced this negligence action seeking damages for injuries sustained by Marx and injuries resulting in the death of plaintiff’s decedent when the vehicle operated by the plaintiff in action No. 2, in which Marx and decedent were passengers, was rear-ended while it was stopped in the northbound lane of Route 16 in the Town of Aurora waiting to make a left turn into the driveway of a business establishment. The force of the impact propelled the vehicle into the southbound lane, where it was then struck by the vehicle operated by Bernard M. Shevlin (defendant). Supreme Court granted that part of defendant’s motion seeking summary judgment dismissing the complaint [1619] in action No. 1 against him and, upon granting plaintiffs’ motion for leave to reargue, adhered to its decision. We affirm. Contrary to plaintiffs’ contention, defendant established as a matter of law in action No. 1 that the emergency doctrine applies (see Albert v Machols, 129 AD3d 1481, 1482 [2015]), i.e., that he “was operating [his] vehicle in a lawful and prudent manner when plaintiff[s’] vehicle suddenly and without warning [was propelled] into [his] lane of travel, and there was nothing [he] could have done to ayoid the collision” (id.). Indeed, defendant established that less than two seconds transpired between the first collision and the second collision. “Although ‘it generally remains a question for the trier of fact to determine whether an emergency existed and, if so, whether [defendant’s] response was reasonable’ . . . , we conclude that summary judgment is appropriate here because defendant! ] presented ‘sufficient evidence to establish the reasonableness of [his] actions [in an emergency situation] and there is no opposing evidentiary showing sufficient to raise a legitimate question of fact’ ” (Shanahan v Mackowiak, 111 AD3d 1328, 1329-1330 [2013]; cf. Oscier v Musty, 138 AD3d 1402, 1404 [2016]). The opinion of plaintiffs’ expert that defendant’s speed was excessive, i.e., 57 miles per hour in a speed zone of 55 miles per hour, and that he should have anticipated that plaintiffs’ vehicle would be rear-ended and thus would have had sufficient time to react when plaintiffs’ vehicle entered his lane is speculative and therefore insufficient to raise an issue of fact to defeat the motion (see Stewart v Kier, 100 AD3d 1389, 1390 [2012]). Present—Peradotto, J.P., Carni, Curran, Troutman and Scudder, JJ.