United States v. Todd Richard Chazen

PER CURIAM. Todd Chazen appeals his conviction for being a felon in possession of a firearm, see 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), asserting that the district court 1 improperly sentenced him as an armed career criminal. As relevant here, to qualify as such a criminal, a defendant must have been convicted of three felonies that “involve[ ] conduct that presents a serious potential risk of physical injury to another.” See 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(2)(B)(ii). Chazen admits that he has two such convictions, but argues that his conviction for an escape from custody under Minn.Stat. § 609.485, subd. 2(1), should not have been counted as the third. He contends that this statute is over-inclusive, that is, that it penalizes offenses that do not qualify as predicates for armed career criminal status, because on its face it criminalizes a mere failure to return to custody after a furlough. The district court recognized the over-inelusiveness of the Minnesota statute, but consulted the criminal complaint in Chazen’s case, which charged him with escaping from a county jail. This was a.proper application of the so-called modified categorical approach, see United States v. Vincent, 575 F.3d 820, 824 (8th Cir.2009), cert. denied, -U.S.-, 130 S.Ct. 3320, 176 L.Ed.2d 1225 (2010), and we have held that an escape from custody is a predicate offense under the Armed Career Criminal Act. In fact, we have a precedent that is squarely on point: It involves the very same statute as the one in issue here and requires the result that the district court reached here. See United, States v. Furqueron, 605 F.3d 612 (8th Cir.2010). Chazen argues that Furqueron was wrongly decided, but it wasn’t. Besides, we are *510 not at liberty to overrule a previous panel. United States v. Craddock, 593 F.3d 699, 702 (8th Cir.2010). Affirmed. Footnotes [1] The Honorable Ann D. Montgomery, United States District Judge for the District of Minnesota.