Citgo Petroleum Corp. v. Planning Board of Braintree

Armstrong, J. The general revision of the Subdivision Control Law effected by St. 1953, c. 674, § 7, inserted into G. L. c. 41, § 81L, which defines “subdivision”, a new exclusion: namely, “[T]he division of a tract of land on which two or more buildings were standing when, the subdivision control law went into effect in the city or town in which the land lies into separate lots on each of which one of such buildings remains standing . . . .” Perhaps the existence of the exclusion is not widely known; perhaps it is so clear as not to require interpretation. For whatever reason, we find no reported case in which the effect of the exclusion has been determined. [426] Citgo Petroleum Corporation owns a parcel of some sixty-eight acres of land with several buildings in Braintree. Clean Harbors leased eleven acres of it with buildings for a hazardous waste terminal. In late 1985 or early 1986, Clean Harbors reached an agreement with Citgo to buy the leased property. Citgo prepared a plan dividing the parcel into two lots, one to be sold and the other to be retained. This Citgo submitted to the planning board for an endorsement, under G. L. c. 41, § 8IP, that approval was not required because the plan was not a subdivision. Citgo’s contention, undisputed below,2 was that buildings existing before the Subdivision Control Law went into effect in Braintree were standing on both lots, and thus the plan was not a subdivision under the sentence of § 81L quoted above. The board denied the endorsement. Citgo appealed to the Land Court under G. L. c. 41, § 8IBB, as amended through St. 1982, c. 533, § 2, and moved for summary judgment. A judge of that court allowed the motion, ruling that Citgo was entitled to prevail as matter of law. The board has appealed from the ensuing judgment. As applied to this case, the text of the statutory exclusion is unambiguous, and Citgo falls within it. The exclusion for lots with two or moré buildings is distinct from the more commonly used exception, also in § 81L, for plans where every lot has the requisite frontage on a public way or other suitable way as defined in the statute. Thus, the board’s argument that the lot to be sold to Clean Harbors lacks adequate frontage misses the point. If plans under the provision in question must also qualify under the frontage exception, then the provision in question is surplusage. The defendants argue that a literal reading of this exception would completely undercut the purposes of the Subdivision Control Law, as set out in G. L. c. 41, § 81M, by allowing a homeowner to use any detached garage, shed, or other out [427] building as a basis for unrestricted backland development. There are several replies. First, this language in § 81L is not the result of legislative oversight. The original versions of the Subdivision Control Law, appearing in St. 1936, c. 211, and St. 1947, c. 340, did not contain this exception. It was added, as mentioned above, in the 1953 general revision. The legislative history of the 1953 statute shows that the drafters were quite aware of what they were doing, although it does not explain their reasons.3 Report of the Special Commission on Planning and Zoning, 1953 House Doc. No. 2249, at 54. Second, just because a lot can be divided under this exception does not mean that the resulting lots will be buildable under the zoning ordinance. Smalley v. Planning Board of Harwich, 10 Mass. App. Ct. 599, 603 (1980). Third, the lots in this case are being used for distinct, independent business operations, and the preexisting buildings relied upon — the main office, the underwriter’s pump house/machine shop, the wax plant building, the earth burner building, and the new yard office — are substantial buildings. A claim that a detached garage or a chicken house or woodshed qualifies under this exception might present a different case. Finally, a building, to qualify under this provision, must have been in existence when the Subdivision Control Law went into effect in the town. It is too late for speculators to buy tracts of back land, cover them with shacks, and divide them into lots accordingly. In short, we see no sufficient reason to refuse application of the plain language of the exclusion in this case. Judgment affirmed. Footnotes [2] The planning board’s claim upon appeal, that two affidavits are hearsay, was not raised below, and the grounds raised below for excluding them are not now argued. Thus, neither will be considered. Thibeault v. Massachusetts Elec. Co., 2 Mass. App. Ct. 24, 28 (1974). Liacos, Massachusetts Evidence 73 (5th ed. 1981). [3] The decision in Howland v. Acting Supt. of Bldgs. & Insp. of Bldgs. of Cambridge, 328 Mass. 155 (1951), suggests that the board could be correct in hypothesizing that the 1953 provision may have been inserted to deal with lots where a house was built in the back yard of another house, with no street frontage. The statutory language, however, is not nearly so narrow.