Wailuku Sugar Co. v. Spreckels

OPINION OF THE COURT BY FREAR, C.J. This is a proceeding begun in September, 1897, under Act 18 of tbe Laws of 1895 (Civ. L. Ch. 114) for tbe acquisition of a right of way for a water-pipe and flume. Tbe defendant Claus Spreckels was then tbe legal owner of tbe land over wbicb tbe right of way was desired. Tbe Hawaiian Commercial and Sugar Company at that time claimed to be the equitable owner. Subsequently tbe former executed a conveyance of tbe land to tbe latter, and on tbe latter’s motion tbe Judge signed an order dismissing tbe cause as to tbe former. From this order tbe plaintiff appealed to this court. Tbe defendant corporation was then given leave, on its motion, to withdraw its demurrer previously filed and file a plea, or answer within twenty days and also to file a plea without losing its right to answer within tbe time limited. This was more than three years after tbe demurrer was filed. It then filed a special plea denying that tbe plaintiff bad been unable to agree with it and alleging that it, tbe plaintiff, bad made no attempt to agree. (Tbe statute authorizes tbe condemnation proceeding when tbe person desiring tbe right of way “is unable to agree with tbe person or persons across whose land,” &c). Tbe defendant corporation afterwards filed an answer in wbicb after reciting that — 529 — the cause had been dismissed as to Spreckels and that the plea had been filed by leave without waiving the right to answer within twenty days, it denied the allegation of the petition that the land in question was owned and in the possession of Spreckels and averred that it itself had since the commencement of the proceeding acquired the land by deed from him and then held the absolute ownership of the land in fee, averred that it relied upon the matters set up in its plea which it made a part of its answer, that the petition was not verified as required hy law, that the petition was insufficient in failing to show the width or depth of land sought to be acquired, that the plaintiff had already constructed and was operating a pipe and flume over said land upon the line shown upon the tracing attached to the petition, relying in so doing upon the written consent of Spreckels by his attorney in fact, that no facts are stated or set forth in the petition showing for what agricultural purpose the right of way is desired or why the acquiring of the same by the plaintiff is reasonable, proper or useful. The plaintiff demurred to the plea and moved to strike out certain portions of the answer on the ground that they related to matters that were available on demurrer only and also filed a replication to the answer. The Circuit Judge denied the motion to strike out but treated the matters objected to as surplusage and also declined to dismiss the bill. Afterwards evidence was introduced showing among other things that the plaintiff prior to bringing suit had attempted and failed to agree with Spreckels but had not attempted to agree with the defendant corporation. Afterwards, by stipulation subject to the defendant’s right to appeal, a decree was signed granting the plaintiff the right of way and assessing the damages at $100. Erom this decree the defendant corporation appealed. The alleged formal defects in the verification and in the allegations as to the width and depth of the land required, as to the particular agricultural purpose for which it was required, and as to its acquisition being reasonable, proper and useful, were matters which, even if they would have been good grounds of de — 530 — murrer, which we do not decide, were waived by the withdrawal of the defendant’s demurrer and the filing of an answer at a late date by special leave of, court. Whether formal matters of this hind appearing upon the face of the petition could be raised in a document purporting to be an answer and the latter be treated as to such matters as a demurrer or a motion to dismiss, on the theory that proceedings of this kind are not governed by the rules of pleading which govern ordinary civil actions1, we need not say. They no doubt could not be raised after a hearing on the merits and in our opinion could not properly be raised in an answer a‘s such and it was only such an answer that the defendant was given leave to file. The Circuit Judge did not err in holding that these matters were improperly included in the answer. The answer, sets up also that the plaintiff had already constructed and was operating a pipe and flume over the line in question by the written consent of Claus Spreckels. This was done after the suit was begun and the consent seems to have been given without prejudice to defenses to- these proceedings. We see no reason why the plaintiff could not take or continue steps to obtain a better title or right than it had under such consent. The real difficulty arises in connection with the allegations and proofs as to ability to agree. The plaintiff alleged-that it •was “unable to agree with the party or parties across whose land it is desired to acquire such right of way.” This follows the language of the statute- and is a sufficient allegation as to both defendants. But the evidence showed an attempt to agree with Spreckels only. The Judge having, as stated above, dismissed the cause as to Spreckels upon his conveyance to his co-defendant, afterwards held that such co-defendant was bound by the attempt and failure to agree with Spreckels inasmuch as it had acquired the land from him after the commencement of the suit. If the defendant corporation had not been a defendant at the time, the proper course would have been to have substituted it for Glaus Spreckels upon the conveyance by him to it, and perhaps it would have been technically correct to have done so even when the corporation was already a defendant, instead of dis — 531 — missing the canse as to Spreckels. The corporation would then be bound by the plaintiff’s attempt and failure to agree with its predecessor in title. We might perhaps properly reverse the decree dismissing the bill as to Spreckels and so leave him a party subject to the right to substitute the corporation for him and also reverse the decree granting the plaintiff relief against the defendant corporation on the ground that the evidence showed that there was no attempt and failure to agr-ee with it. Then if no substitution were made the Circuit Judge might enter a decree against Spreckels, which would bind his grantee, the defendant corporation, and dismiss the cause as to the defendant corporation, which would be immaterial to the plaintiff; or, if the substitution were made, the Judge might enter a decree against the defendant corporation as standing in Spreckels’ shoes. But is this necessary? Would it not at best be to go through useless forms? It would be on the theory that the corporation could continue to the end as it began a mere claimant irrespective of the fact that it had meanwhile become the owner. It would be to hold that it could occupy two positions at the same time, in. respect of one of which it would be bound and in respect of the-other of which it would not be bound, neither position being-that of a representative of anyone else. The Judge did not make ■ an order for a substitution in form doubtless because the corpor- - ation was already a defendant. He thought of the defendant ■ then as occupying the position previously occupied by Spreckels. . This is clearly shown by his decision in which he says in substance that if the effect of the order dismissing the cause as to.Spreckels was to leave the case as if it were against the corporation as a mere claimant and without regard to its subsequent . acquisition of title, that order was erroneous, and he declined to look upon it in that way. He would not allow the defendant to . take advantage of the form of the order which it itself had led . him to make. But without passing upon what the best course to pursue would be in case the corporation could not be properly - considered as a substitute for Spreckels after the dismissal as to- ■ him, or in case it could be bound after the conveyance as- claim- - — 532 — ant and not as owner, we can say that the statute requires as a condition precedent to bringing the suit inability to agree with •the person or persons only across whose land, &e., and it was both ¡alleged and proved in this case that the plaintiff was unable to 'agree with Spreckels before the suit was begun and so far as appears Spreckels was the only owner at that time, and it was therefore unnecessary for the plaintiff to attempt to agree with the defendant corporation for the reason that the latter was not then the owner. The statute does not terminate the suit upon a conveyance made by a defendant after suit because there has been no attempt to agree with his grantee. It is further contended that no judgment can be rendered against the defendant corporation because the petition does not allege that that corporation was the owner of the land. This contention is based on the doctrine that judgments must be supported by the pleadings. The petition alleges that the land is owned by Spreckels and that the defendant corporation “also claims ownership” thereof. The corporation did not raise the question of the sufficiency of the allegation in the petition as to its ownership in its demurrer or in its plea, but raised it, if at all, in its answer only by the general allegation that nO' judgment can be made against the corporation upon any averment contained in the petition. It did, however, in its answer specifically deny that Spreckels was the owner and allege that it itself was the owner. ~We may add also that in its plea it denied that the plaintiff had been unable to agree, &c., for a flume over “this defendant’s land.” In Vass v. Building Association, 91 N. C. 55, ibe court held that when a new party was brought in, the complaint should be amended accordingly, hut said that if the new party answered when no amendment was made, it would be taken to have waived its right to the same. It seems to us that where a party is made a defendant in the first instance, and is alleged to “claim ownership,” and demurs and afterwards pleads without raising the question of the sufficiency of the allegation as to ownership, and later answers denying the allegation of ownership in another and averring ownership in itself, and the proofs — 533 — show it to be tbe owner at tbe time judgment is rendered, it cannot say that tbe court cannot render judgment against it for want of a definite allegation in tbe petition that it is tbe owner. Kinney, Ballou & McOlanahan for tbe plaintiff. A. B. Hartwell for tbe defendant corporation. "We bave considered only tbe questions raised by tbe parties and not certain other questions wbicb naturally suggest themselves but wbicb we are led to believe tbe parties bave intentionally omitted to raise. Tbe defendant’s appeal is dismissed. Tbe plaintiff states that it does not care to press its appeal in case tbe defendant’s appeal is not sustained. Its appeal also is dismissed on tbe ground that the order appealed from was not prejudicial to it in view of tbe final decree in its favor.