Garey v. Edwards

CHILTON, J. We cannot regard the notices of the intended motion sent up in this case as constituting any portion of the record. To make them such, they must be refer-ed to in the judgment entry, so as to identify them as part of the record, or be presented by bill of exceptions. Lyon v. The State Bank, 1 Stew. R. 442; Curry v. The Bank of Mobile, 8 Porter, 372; Bates v. P. & M. Bank, Ib 99; Armstrong v. Robertson & Barnwell, 2 Ala. 167. [109] Could we look to either of the notices sent up, it is perfectly clear, that as no motion for judgment was made at the term of the court indicated by the notices, they spent their force, and could not authorize the subsequent action of the court. Broughton v. The State Bank, 6 Porter’s Rep. 48; Lyon v. The State Bank, 1 Stew. Rep. 442, 470; Armstrong v. Robertson & Barnwell, 2 Ala. Rep. 167. The motion on which the judgment in this case is predicated was made at the October term, 1842. and regularly continued until the judgment was rendered. The entry recites, that the defendants had notice of the motion, on the 1st April, 1842. We are not allowed to intend that the notice here alluded to was of a motion to be made at a previous term, and which was not in fact made. This would be to indulge a presumption directly opposed to the recital of the entry, and that too for the purpose of reversing the judgment. It is contended by the counsel for the plaintiff in error, that the suggestion does not, with sufficient certainty, inform the said plaintiff of the matters for which they are sought to be made liable. The suggestion describes the execution, the date of its issuance, and the amount; that it was issued on a judgment recovered in the circuit court of Franklin county, on the 15th of April, 1840, “and which execution duly came to the hands of Matthias E. Garey, the sheriff of Sumter county, and for whom the other defendants were his sureties on his official bond, and which execution the said Garey, sheriff as aforesaid, failed to execute and return according to law; wherefore the plaintiffs move, and ask for a judgment against said defendants, for the amount of said debt, damages and cost, with legal damages for said default, and interest on said judgment to the trial thereof, and the costs of this suit.” There are two statutes giving the plaintiff a remedy against the sheriff for failing to return an execution. The act of 1807 authorizes the party injured, upon giving ten days notice, to move the court for a fine against such delinquent sheriff, not exceeding five dollars per month upon every hundred dollars contained in the judgment, &c. Olay’s Dig. 217, § 80. The act of 1819 authorizes the party injured to move the court for judgment against the sheriff and his sureties, upon giving three days notice ; which judgment, if the de [110] fault is fixed upon the sheriff, is to be rendered for the amount of the execution. Minor’s Rep. 376; 1 Stew. Rep. 63; 3 Stew. Rep. 134; 5 Porter’s Rep. 546-6; Harris v. Bradford, 4 Ala. Rep. 214. The previons adjudications of this court require, that in proceeding against the sheriff for his failure to return an execution, the plaintiff must sufficiently indicate by his notice under which statute he seeks to recover, and that the want of particularity in this respect is fatal. In Hill v. The State Bank, 5 Porter’s Rep. 537, the language of the notice was, ,f the plaintiff will move the court for judgment against you, according to the statute in such case made and provided.” This was held insufficient, as it did not notify the defendant with sufficient precision as to what was demanded of him. In McRae et al. v. Colclough, 2 Ala. Rep. 74, it was held, that a notice informing the sheriff and his sureties that the plaintiff would move for judgment against them for the amount of the execution which was described, and which the sheriff failed to return, was a sufficient indication that the party was proceeding under the act of 1819. This last case is in point to show, that the notice in the case at bar, (and which we must intend corresponded with the grounds stated in the suggestion,) was sufficient. The motion is, for judgment for the amount of the execution, debt, damages and cost, with interest to the trial, and the legal damages for the default. Now the expression italicised cannot vitiate the notice. At most it is but surplusage, and the notice would be good without it. The same may be said with respect to the default — “ the failure of the sheriff to execute and return the fieri facias” — the word execute is entirely superfluous, and falls within the familiar maxim, that “ utile per inutile non vitiatur.,! Thomas v. Roora, 7 Johns. 462; Com. Dig. tit. Pleader, c. 28; Evans v. Watrous, 2 Porter’s Rep. 205. At most, the plaintiffs by such averment, that the sheriff failed to execute, as well as return the writ, takes upon him the burthen of proving such unnecessary averment to be true, and this the record shows he has done. The objection by the plaintiffs’ attorney, that there is a variance between the judgment described in the motion and judgment entry, and that on which the execution issued, in [111] this, that the motion and entry show the judgment was rendered on the 15th of April, whereas the record shows it was rendered on the 13th of that month, cannot be allowed to prevail. The record of the original judgment forms no part of this cause, and cannot be looked to for any purpose. The authorities cited as applicable to the notice, equally sustain this proposition. 1 Stew. 442; 8 Por. 372; Ib. 99; 2 Ala. Rep. 167. There remains to consider the points raised upon the judgment entry. This entry shows the defendants below, being called, made default. That the defendants were served with notice on the 1st April, 1842. That Garey was sheriff of Sumter on the 8th August, 1840, and that the defendants were his sureties upon his official bond. That an execution issued 20th May, 1840, (describing it) “ returnable according to law,” being for $385 62 debt, #55 77 damages, and $14 costs of suit, which was adjudged on the 15th April, 1840, by the circuit court of Franklin, to said plaintiff, and was received by said Garey, as sheriff of said county of Sumter, on the 8th day of August, 1840. That the defendants in the fi. fa. had property sufficient out of which the sheriff could have made the money while the writ was in his hands; but that he failed to execute and return said fi. fa. according to law. These facts having been ascertained by the court, the entry proceeds: “ It is therefore considered by the court, that the plaintiffs recover; but because it is unknown to the court what damages the plaintiffs have sustained by reason of the said M. E. Garey’s failure to execute and return said fi. fa. as the law directs ; thereupon came a jury, viz : Archibald Christian and eleven others, who being elected, impaneled, and sworn, well and truly to assess the plaintiffs’ damages, upon their oaths do say,” &c. Here follows the same facts found by the court as above stated; and the jury conclude by assessing the plaintiffs’ damages at #677 03. The court rendered judgment upon the verdict for the amount so found. As the defendants failed to appear and plead, there was no issue made up for the decision of a jury, and there was certainly no necessity for submitting to them an inquiry of dam [112] ages, since the statute fixes the amount of the plaintiff’s recovery, for failing to return an execution by the sheriff. But if it were permissible for a jury to pass upon the question of damages, the form in which the matter was submitted was improper. They were sworn to assess damages for the default of the sheriff in failing to execute, as well as for failing to return the writ. Now the statute in the one case gives the plaintiff a right to a judgment against the sheriff and his sureties for the amount of the ft. fa., and in the other (failing to make the money) ten per cent, upon the amount is superadded. The record does not show but that the defendants below were prejudiced by this misdirection of the court. For for this cause, the judgment must be reversed, and the cause remanded.