McPherson v. Boykin

CLOPTON, J. — By section 5038 of the Code it is provided, that in all prosecutions before a justice of the peace, where the case is not taken to the Circuit or City Court, by appeal or otherwise, the fees for such services as may be rendered in the case must be taxed by him, and collected by execution, as in the cases tried in the County Court; and in all other cases, the fees must be certified by him to the court to which the proceedings are removed, and there taxed and col603 looted like other costs. It is insisted, that the operation of this section is to make the fees of justices of the peace, arising from criminal cases removed to the Circuit Court, claims against the fine and forfeiture fund under the provisions of section 4461. The latter section makes the fees only of officers of court payable, in certain cases, out of the fund arising from fines and forfeitures. A justice of the peace is not an officer of the Circuit Court, within the meaning of the statute, notwithstanding a prosecution originally instituted before him may be removed to that court. The provision in section 5038 — “ must he there taxed and collected like other costs ” — refers to the general statutory mode of taxing and collecting costs in criminal cases in the Circuit or City Court; that is, must be taxed as costs against the defendant on conviction (or against the prosecutor, or the foreman of the grand jury, as provided by the statute), and collected by execution. The costs in all criminal cases, in the Circuit Court, are not payable from the fine and forfeiture fund. The fees of State witnesses, and of officers of court, in particular cases are, by section 4461, payable from this fund. The general intention expressed in section 5038 is incompatible with the particular intention expressed in section 4461. The construction contended for extends the general words, by the mode of taxing and collecting general costs in criminal cases, to special provisions for the payment of specified fees from a specified fund. Affirmed.