Pulaski County v. Boyer

Tom Glaze, Judge. Appellee, a deputy sheriff and radio dispatcher for the Pulaski County Sheriff’s Office, was injured en route from his home to work. In his claim for workers’ compensation benefits, appellee contended he had sustained an accidental injury arising out of and in the course of his employment. Appellant countered, arguing appellee’s claim for benefits was barred by the “going and coming” rule. In awarding benefits to appellee, the Commission determined the “going and coming” rule did not apply because appellee’s employer considered the appellee on duty at the time of his accident. We affirm. Arkansas recognizes the general rule that injuries which occur while an employee is going to or from work are not compensable. City of Sherwood v. Lowe, 4 Ark. App. 161, 628 S.W.2d 610 (1982). In this cause, the sole issue is whether substantial evidence exists to support the Commission’s decision that appellee’s claim is not barred by the “going and coming” rule. We have no problem in concluding there is such evidence. Appellant argues appellee’s claim is not compensable because, at the time of his accident, appellee, when going to work, was riding his own personal motorcycle, wearing civilian clothes and not enforcing any laws. Appellant suggests the only evidence that could support compensability is the testimony of appellant’s commander, Major Zoeller — who said appellee was on duty commencing at the time he left his residence. Appellant discounts Zoeller’s testimony because appellee worked only an eight-hour shift, was paid for eight hours and was not furthering the sheriff department’s interests when he was injured. While Zoeller indicated appellee and other deputies were paid a salary for an eight-hour shift, he also stated that appellee was “considered ... on duty from the time he leaves home until the time he gets back home after the end of his shift. And if it took him thirty minutes to get to work and thirty minutes to get home, he’d be on duty nine hours a day. . . .” Zoeller also expressed that the sheriffs department, because of the Fair Labor Standard Act, was going to have to start paying for nine hours instead of eight. In Hawthorne v. Davis, 267 Ark. 816, 596 S.W.2d 329 (Ark. App. 1979), aff'd, 268 Ark. 131, 594 S.W.2d 844 (1980), our Court, quoting from 100 C.J.S. Workmen’s Compensation § 535 (1958) at page 536, said: In a compensation proceeding evidence is admissible as to statements made by an employer or his representative where the statement constitutes a declaration or admission against the employer’s interest; and an admission by an employer that workmen were injured in an accident arising out of and in the course of their employment may be admissible in evidence although the claim for compensation is being contested by the employer’s insurance carrier. [Emphasis supplied.] Appellant claims Major Zoeller’s admission that appellee was on duty when he was injured is a mere “naked assertion.” We cannot agree. Zoeller related that the departmental policy, that a deputy is considered on duty from the time he leaves home, came into effect as a result of the take-home-car program, and has as its rationale the idea that the officer’s presence is “more noticeable on the street.”1 As already mentioned, that “going-to-work time” is a period for which Zoeller says the department is required to pay a salary. Also, Zoeller stated appellee is required by departmental policy to take action at any time when he witnesses an offense occurring in his presence. We mention these policy and salary factors only to show that, rather than a naked assertion by Zoeller, there appear to be valid reasons why the sheriff’s department expects its deputies to be on duty when going to and from work. Based upon the facts and testimony before us, we believe there was substantial evidence from which the Commission could, and did, conclude that appellee was on duty and within the scope of his employment when he sustained his injury. Affirmed. Cooper and Mayfield, JJ., dissent; Corbin, J., not participating; Wright, Special Judge, agrees. Footnotes [1] Consistent with that policy, Zoeller testified that deputies, including those in the radio room, are required to wear their uniforms. Zoeller said that when appellee was injured, deputies, who were in the radio room, were allowed to wear the cooler civilian clothes because the air conditioner in the office was malfunctioning. The sheriff department’s expressed reasons for considering deputies on duty when going to and from work make insignificant the fact appellee was wearing civilian clothes at the time of his accident.