Bernstein v. Foreign Study League, Inc. (In re Court Line Inc.)

MEMORANDUM OPINION JOEL LEWITTES, Bankruptcy Judge. The trustee for the above-captioned bankrupts 1 has commenced, by the filing of a complaint, an adversary proceeding, in accordance with Bankruptcy Rule 701(2)2, seeking recovery of $48,501.43 from the defendant Foreign Student League (“FSL”). That sum reflects the alleged value of services performed by the bankrupts, between June 2,1973 and February 4,1974, pursuant to a contract whereby FSL agreed to reimburse the bankrupts for providing housing accommodations and other amenities for travelling students. FSL responded to the trustee’s complaint by motion pursuant to Bankruptcy Rule 712,3 this Court’s procedural mate to Fed.R. Civ.P. 12, to dismiss the trustee’s complaint or, in the alternative, to stay the instant proceedings, pending a determination in a parallel proceeding, brought by third parties against FSL, allegedly involving issues identical to those here, in the High Court of Justice, Chancery Division, London, England. Argument on the dismissal motion was heard before Bankruptcy Judge Lesser and decision was reserved. Following Judge Lesser’s retirement from this Court on September 28, 1979, this case was reassigned to me. By letter, received in my Chambers on October 23, 1979, the trustee herein notified me of the pendency of this motion and requested a speedy resolution of the issues raised. [279] For reasons set forth below, the only relief this Court can extend to the trustee is such a speedy determination. Discussion FSL bases its Rule 12 motion to dismiss on three separately stated grounds: (1) failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted; (2) failure to join indispensable parties and (3) lack of subject matter jurisdiction. A review of FSL’s assigned grounds for dismissal, in inverse order, reveals that it is unnecessary to look beyond FSL’s objection to jurisdiction. It is well established that absent consent, as here, to the summary jurisdiction of this Court,4 the power of this Court to summarily adjudicate rights and claims to property is limited to such rights and claims which are in the actual or construe-tive possession of the bankruptcy court.5 As noted in the trustee’s affidavit in opposition to the instant motion, the trustee’s claim rests upon an alleged failure by FSL to pay for services purportedly rendered by the bankrupts in accordance with a written agreement between the bankrupts and FSL.6 Since the present action clearly is not one to recover “. . . any specific property or fund which was part of the bankrupt estate, but is rather to enforce a chose in action, i. e. to collect damages for breach of contract and thereby obtain indemnification, this is not a proper case for summary jurisdiction.”7 This result obtains “even when the . [trustee’s] rights seem clear.”8 Accordingly, FSL’s motion to dismiss for lack of this Court’s jurisdiction is granted and the trustee’s complaint is, in all respects, dismissed. Settle an order on three (3) days notice in conformity with this opinion. Footnotes [1] The bankrupts filed their voluntary petitions on November 15, 1974. [2] 411 U.S. 1068. [3] 411 U.S. 1074. [4] Bankruptcy Act § 2a(7), 11 U.S.C. § lla(7), provides, inter alia, that an objection to summary jurisdiction may be interposed either by motion or an answer addressed to the complaint. Although FSL has not, in so many words, in its motion to dismiss specifically objected to this Court’s summary jurisdiction, we deem that its objection to the subject matter jurisdiction necessarily embraces an objection to summary jurisdiction. [5] E.g. Katchen v. Landy, 382 U.S. 323, 327, 86 S.Ct. 467, 15 L.Ed.2d 391 (1966). [6] Pursuant to Bankruptcy Act § 70a(6), 11 U.S.C. § 110a(6), the trustee is vested by operation of law with the title of the bankrupt to rights of action arising upon contracts. [7] Hollywood National Bank v. Bumb, 409 F.2d 23, 25 (9th Cir. 1969) (italics in text). See also In re Roman, 23 F.2d 556 (2d Cir. 1928); 5A Remington on Bankruptcy § 2373 at 116 (1953); 2 Collier on Bankruptcy ¶ 23.05 at 492 (14th ed. 1976). [8] In re Lehigh & Hudson River Railway Company, 468 F.2d 430, 433 (2d Cir. 1972). We, of course, do not reach here, the merits, if any, to the trustee’s proceeding.