Cogswell v. Colley

Paine, J. This is an appeal from an order granting a new trial. . The order was made conditional upon the payment by the defendant to the plaintiff of all the taxed costs of the former trial, and ten dollars as costs of the motion. A motion is made here to dismiss the appeal, upon the ground that before it was taken, the plaintiff’s attorney had accepted from the defendant the amount of those costs. "We think the motion must he granted. Such acceptance is a waiver of the right to appeal. To sustain an appeal after the party has accepted the money, would he contrary to that principle which prohibits one from claiming under, and at the same time repudiating, any instrument. It would he contrary to the maxim, qui sentit commodum, sen-tire debet et onus. The payment of the money to the one was the condition of granting the favor to the other. Therefore, if the one takes the money, he should be estop-ped from objecting to the favor. If the plaintiff desired to appeal from the order, he should have, accepted no benefit under it. He can do either, hut not both, as appears by the following cases: Radway v. Graham, 4 Abb., 468; Lewis v. Irving Fire Ins. Co., 15 id., 140, note; Kelly v. Bloom, 17 [400] id., 231; Lupton v. Jewett, 19 id., 320; Vail v. Remsen, 7 Paige, 206; Bennett v. Van Syckel, 18 N. Y., 481; Pulling v. Supervisors, etc., 3 Wis., 337; Pratt v. Page, 18 id., 332. We have carefully looked through the authorities relied on against the motion, and they do not change our conclusion. Several of them merely hold that a party who pays a judgment against himself, which he might be compelled to do by execution, does not thereby waive his right of appeal. These we consider wholly inapplicable. The party in such case accepts no benefit whatever, but merely does what the judgment compels. Those most in point in the appellant’s favor are Clowes v. Dickenson, 8 Cow., 328; Higbie v. Westlake, 14 N. Y., 281; and Benkhard v. Babcock, 27 How. Pr., 391. The most that those cases hold is, that where a party is entitled to a certain sum of money absolutely under a judgment or decree, he is not, by accepting that money, precluded from prosecuting an appeal which does not involve a reversal of that part of the judgment or decree under which he takes the money. Thus, in the first of those cases, SpbNCER, Senator, on page 331, says: “I cannot discover any such reason in the fact that a party accepted what he was entitled to by the judgment of a court, and which would belong to him in any event; for I cannot admit the correctness of the argument of the counsel for the respondents, that this decree may be reversed in toto. This court can decide only on the objections taken by the appellant, and in this case as it now stands.” This clearly holds that the part of the decree establishing the appellant’s right to the money, was not involved in the appeal, and could not be reversed; and it implies that if it was so involved, there would be reason for saying that the party could not have accepted the money and then seek to reverse the decree that gave it to him. The case of Higbie v. Westlake was entirely similar in that respect. Creditors [401] of an estate Rad appealed from .a decree of distribution made by a surrogate, because they objected to certain expenses wbicb bad been allowed tbe administrators. It is probable tbat tbe appeal involved only tbat part of tbe decree. The court says : “ They were certainly entitled to tbe amount paid them, and there was no inconsistency on their part in receiving tbat amount, and then appealing for tbe purpose of obtaining a reduction of tbe allowance for expeness' wbicb would give them a further dividend/’ The court in Benkhard v. Babcock clearly notices tbe -distinction betweén this class of eases and those where tbe different portions of tbe decree or judgment are so connected as to be dependent upon each other, tbe one being intended as a compensation for tbe other. And this case- falls within tbe latter class. Eor even if we concede tbat these decisions would be applicable so far as relates to tbe costs of tbe former trial, wbicb tbe appellant already bad judgment for, yet they are not applicable to tbe ten dollars allowed as costs of tbe motion, and wbicb was clearly a part of the consideration for granting tbe favor to tbe defendant. Tbe order appealed from constituted tbe appellant’s only right to that amount, and tbe reasoning of all these cases fairly implies tbat where such is tbe case, tbe party cannot take tbe money and at tbe same time appeal. And even with respect to tbe costs of tbe former trial, it is not clear tbat these cases are applicable. In those cases tbe money was paid' on tbe judgment, and so applied. Here it was all paid on tbe order; and if tbe order should be reversed, it is difficult to see why tbe judgment would not be left in full force, unsatisfied in whole or in part. "Whether a court might interfere in tbat case to protect tbe party against a double payment, it is immaterial to determine. Tbe point is, whether to allow this appeal would, in case of a-reversal of tbe order, place tbe defendant in a [402] position where he would he obliged to take the burden of asking the aid of the court to avoid a double payment. If so, the question presented is different from that involved in any of the eases relied on. On the whole, we have no doubt that the acceptance of the money was inconsistent with the right to prosecute the appeal, and it must therefore be dismissed. By the Court. — Appeal dismissed.