Schulenberg v. State

Jackson, C. The defendant was found guilty of unlawfully keeping-intoxicating liquors for the purpose of sale without license. He presents the case in this court for review by petition in error. The principal and important question arises out of the assumption of counsel on either side that the jury were required to taste of certain liquors produced in evidence on behalf of the state. The record in that respect presents this condition: A state’s witness was being examined by the prosecution. A portion of the contents of a bottle in evidence was poured into a glass, and- the witness was required to taste it, and this question was asked: “Q. Is that beer? A. I couldn’t say whether that is beer or not. [66] By counsel for the prosecution: Let the jury sample it. (The bottle and contents and glass and contents are handed to the jury.) Objected to as irrelevant, incompetent, and immaterial, and not a proper way to prove intoxicating liquors. Overruled. Exception.” It will thus be seen that it does not affirmatively appear that any of the jurors tasted of the liquor. If it is a reasonable inference from the record that they did so, Ave are of the opinion that it Avas not error. The authorities are someAAdiat in conflict as to the propriety of permitting jurors to taste of liquor in prosecutions of this character, and the question has never before been in this court for determination. The appellate court of Kansas, in State v. Lindgrove, 1 Kan. App. 51, 41 Pac. 689, held that it was error to permit jurors to taste of liquor produced in evidence. The reasoning seems to be that the jurors thus obtained private grounds of belief, and that after tasting of the liquor they were properly Avitnesses in the case and disqualified as jurors. We are unable to concur.in that reasoning. If a belief founded on the evidence during the progress of a trial can be held to be a private ground of information, then it may be so held because of a belief founded on any class of evidence. In Commomvealth v. Brelsford, 161 Mass. 61, it is said: “There are grave reasons against giving to a jury liquor to drink for the purpose of determining whether it is or is not intoxicating.” We entirely agree with the sentiment there expressed Avhere such course is taken by direction of the court, express or implied. The tasting-should not be compulsory. A case in point is that of People v. Kinney, 124 Mich. 486, Avhere it was held not to be error to permit the jury to taste of liquor Avhere the question was whether it was intoxicating. No reason is given to sustain the rule, but we think it is supported both by reason and common sense. In the determination of a disputed question of fact, there is called in requisition perhaps all the senses of jurors, which they are permitted to freely use, and where, in prosecutions of this [67] character, liquor is produced in evidence, the jury should be permitted to determine in their oavu Avay, and by the exercise of such of their senses as they choose to employ, Avhether it is intoxicating or not. Another question discussed relates to the admission in eAÚdence of the affidavit upon Avliich the search Avarrant Avas issued at the inception of the prosecution, the affidavit having been admitted over the objection of the defendant. If the court erred in that respect, Ave are not at liberty to consider it, for the reason that the error is not assigned in the petition. The only other question discussed is the claim of error in the giving of the folloAving instruction: “The jury are further instructed that whiskey and beer are intoxicating liquors within the meaning of the statute, and if you find from the evidence, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the defendant was on or about the 2d day of September, 1905, in Kichardson county, Nebraska, keeping in his possession in the building described in the information in this case either beer or Avlxiskey, with the intention of disposing of the same without a license, either for himself or jointly with others, known as a commercial club, then, and in that case, you will find the defendant guilty as charged in the information.” The objection urged against the instruction lies in the use of the Avords “disposing of the same Avithout a license.” It is said that one may be in possession of intoxicating liquors Avith the purpose of disposing of them without in any manner violating the proAdsions of the statute, although he has no license to sell. That is doubtless true, but there is abundant evidence in the record to sustain the conviction on the charge of keeping intoxicating liquors for sale without license, and there was no evidence of any purpose to dispose of the liquors in any lawful manner. Under such circumstances it was not error to instruct the jury in the language used in the statute, and the error in the instruction, if any, was without prejudice. [68] We find no reversible error, and recommend that the judgment of the district- court be affirmed. By the Court: For the reasons stated in the foregoing opinion, the judgment of the district court is Affirmed.