Pithan v. Wangler

WHITING, J. [1] Plaintiff brought this action to recover damages for an alleged breach of promise of marriage, and in her complaint, as a part of her cause of action and in aggravation of the damages flowing from the alleged breach of contract, she pleaded her seduction by defendant. The case was tried and verdict and judgment entered in favor of plaintiff. Defendant asked for a new trial, and an order for same was granted. Pending the time for such new trial, the plaintiff, upon due notice given, moved the trial court for an order allowing her to amend her complaint. Attached to the moving papers was the proposed amended complaint wherein were set forth two> separate causes of action, one praying damages for the alleged breach of contract to marry, the other praying damages alleged to have resulted from a tort — the seduction of plaintiff by defendant. The defendant resisted the motion to amend, but the court allowed the amendment, the order allowing same providing that the making of such amendment was conditioned upon the payment of terms to defendant. Such terms were afterwards paid and accepted by defendant’s counsel. Thereafter defendant moved that that part of the amended complaint pleading a cause of action based upon tort be stricken out, which motion, over the objection of plaintiff, was sustained. An order striking out such cause of action issued, and it is from such order that the plaintiff has appealed to this court. It is the contention of appellant that the two causes of action were such as could properly be joined, and that, therefore, the trial court was right in allowing plaintiff to amend her complaint; that, even if the said causes of action were such as could not properly be joined, yet, inasmuch as the proposed amended ■ complaint was before the trial court upon the motion to> amend and the defendant could have urg'ed such improper joinder in opposition to the granting of such motion to amend, his only remedy was to appeal from the order allowing the amendment; that the trial court coitld not under color of an order striking out one cause of action reverse its ruling allowing the amendment; that, in any case, a motion to strike out one of the causes of action was improper, and defend [553] ant’s -remedy, if -he had any other than through an appeal from the order allowing the amendment, was to demur to the amended complaint upon the ground of misjoinder of causes of action, otherwise the misjoinder would be waived; that, even if the trial court could require one of said causes of action to be stricken from ■the amended complaint, it was for the plaintiff and not the defendant to elect as to which one should -be stricken; and finally that, by accepting the terms the payment of which was imposed as -a condition to plaintiff’s right to amend, the defendant has estopped himself front attacking the order allowing the amendment, and therefore cannot raise any question as to the alleged misjoinder of causes of" action. Respondent insists that it was error for the court to grant an amendment containing a new cause of action, and that such amended complaint did contain an entirely new cause of action; that a cause of action for seduction, being based upon tort, was one which could not properly be joined with a cause of action based upon the alleged breach of contract; that the cause of action stricken was not properly pleaded there being certain paragraphs thereof which it is claimed were faulty; that defendant was not estopped from making the motion by his acceptance of the terms -paid. While we think there is much merit in each one of appellant’s contentions with the exception of the first one, we find it unnecessary to pass fully upon any of them other than the last, namely, that defendant has estopped himself by accepting the terms paid as a condition to appellant’s right to amend her complaint. Tf plaintiff’s original complaint had been the same as her amended complaint, and defendant - had demurred thereto upon the ground of misjoinder of actions, and such demurrer had been overruled, defendant’s only remedy, if such ruling was erroneous, would have been through an appeal from the order overruling demurrer. The question of misjoinder of causes of action could and should have been presented to the court — and it will be presumed it was so presented — in -resistance of the motion to amend. Defendant’s remedy, when the amendment was allowed, was to appeal from [554] the order granting the amendment, and, upon such appeal, urge such misjoinder as ground for reversal. [2] But defendant lost his .right to appeal from such order when he accepted the terms to which he had no right whatsoever except under the order allowing the amendment. No rule of law is better settled than that which -provides that, where a -party proceeds under an order or accepts benefits thereunder, it is a waiver of his right to appeal from such order. Pierson v. Minnehaha County, 26 S. D. 462, 128 N. W. 616; Male v. Harlan, 12 S. D. 627, 82 N. W. 179; 31 Cyc. 751; Smith v. Coleman, 77 Wis. 343, 46 N. W. 664; Sterne v. Vert, 111 Ind. 408, 12 N. E. 719; Logeling v. New York Elv. R. Co., 5 App. Div. 198, 38 N. Y. Supp. 1112; 1 Ency. P. & P. 573; 3 Ency. L. & P. 711; Price v. Grzyll, 133 Wis. 623, 114 N. W. 100. The defendant should hot have been allowed -to do-indirectly what he would have no right to do directly. If, after accepting the terms provided for in the order allowing the amendment, he would not have been allowed to attack such order even by appeal, he certainly should not be allowed to procure a virtual reversal of such order through his motion to strike out one of the causes of action set forth in the amended complaint, which amended complaint was before the court at the time the order allowing same was granted. The defendant lost all right to object to the misjoinder of the two causes of action, and therefore the trial court -should not have granted its motion to1 strike out one of said causes of action, even if such a motion would otherwise have been a proper remedy. The order appealed from is reversed.