Caldwell v. Marsh Realty Co.

BROCK, Chief Judge. The amended order entered on 4 May 1976 by Chief Deputy Commissioner Shuford was obviously prompted by a recent amendment to G.S. 97-38. The interpretation of this recent amendment to G.S. 97-38 is the subject of this appeal. Prior to the amendment, the second paragraph of G.S. 97-38 read as follows: “When weekly payments have been made to an injured employee before his death, the compensation to dependents shall begin from the date of the last of such payments, but shall not continue more than 350 weeks from the date of the injury.” By Session Laws — 1973 (Second Session 1974), Chapter 1308, Sec. 4., a period was inserted after the words “of such payments.” The comma and the words “but shall not continue more than 350 weeks from the date of the injury” were stricken, and the following new sentence was inserted in lieu thereof: “Compensation payments due on account of death shall be paid for a period of 400 weeks from the date of the death [678] of the employee; provided, however, after said 400-week period in case of a widow or widower who is unable to support herself or himself because of physical or mental disability as of the date of death of the employee, compensation payments shall continue during her or his lifetime or until remarriage and compensation payments due a dependent child shall be continued until such child reaches the age of 18.” By Sec. 8. of the same Chapter 1308 the act was made effective on 1 July 1975, applicable to cases árising on or after 1 July 1975. The employee's injury and death in this case occurred on 1 October 1975. Therefore, the amendment is applicable in this case. Plaintiffs argue that the above-cited portion of G.S. 97-38 should be read to provide for continuation of compensation death benefits after said 400 weeks to a widow or widower who is under a mental or physical disability as of the date of death of the employee for as long as the widow or widower lives or until he or she remarries, and also to provide for continuation of compensation death benefits after said 400 weeks to a dependent child until such child reaches the age of 18 years. Defendants argue that the above-cited portion of G.S. 97-38 should be read to provide for compensation death benefits after said 400 weeks to a widow or widower who is under a mental or physical disability as of the date of death of the employee for as long as the widow or widower lives or until he or she remarries, and in such case (the existence of a disabled, un-remarried widow or widower) to provide for continuation of compensation death benefits after said 400 weeks to a dependent child until such child reaches the age of 18 years. There is no quarrel between plaintiffs and defendants upon the question of the right of the disabled, unremarried widow or widower to continue receiving compensation beyond the 400 weeks. They quarrel only upon the question of how the statute should be applied to dependent children. Plaintiffs argue that all dependent children are entitled to continue receiving compensation payments after the 400 weeks if they have not reached their 18th birthday prior to the expiration of the 400 weeks. Defendants argue that dependent children are not entitled to continue receiving compensation payments beyond the 400 weeks unless there is a disabled, unremarried widow or widower and [679] the dependent child is under the age of 18 years. In other words defendants insist that the word “and” appearing near the end of the above-quoted paragraph requires the existence of a disabled, unremarried widow or widower before a dependent child under the age of 18 years may continue to receive compensation beyond the 400 weeks. Admittedly the wording and punctuation of the amendment cause some difficulty. As a result, we have closely followed the legislative history of the amendment to arrive at the true intent of the Legislature. The amendment in question was first introduced in the Senate on 21 February 1974 as Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229. As first introduced, it read as follows: “G.S. 97-38 is hereby amended by striking out ‘, but shall not continue more than 350 weeks from the date of the injury.’ as the same appears in lines 43 and 44 of such section and by inserting in lieu thereof a period and a new sentence as follows: ‘Compensation payments due on account of a death shall be paid to á widow or widower during her or his lifetime or until remarriage, and in the event of remarriage compensation benefits which would have been due for the next two years shall be commuted to its present value and paid to such widow or widower in a lump sum; compensation payments for a dependent child shall be continued at least until such child reaches the age of 18 and beyond such age if actually dependent; provided, however, that compensation benefits to any other person or persons shall be limited to a period of 350 weeks from the date of the death of the employee.’'” The Bill was referred to the Senate Committee on Manufacturing, Labor and Commerce. Section 4. of the Bill was amended in committee by rewriting the same and, as amended, was reported favorably. As amended in committee, Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229 read as follows: “G.S. 97-38 is hereby amended by striking out ‘, but shall not continue more than 350 weeks from the date of the injury.’ as the same appears in lines 43 and 44 of such section and by inserting in lieu thereof a period and a new sentence as follows: ‘Compensation payments due on account of death shall be paid for a period of 400 weeks from [680] the date of the death of the employee; provided, however, after said 400 week period in case of a widow or widower who is unable to support herself or himself because of physical or mental disability, compensation payments shall continue during her or his lifetime or until remarriage and compensation payments due a dependent child shall be continued until such child reaches the age of 18 and beyond such age for such additional time as said child is unable to support herself or himself because of physical or mental disability.’ ” On 14 March 1974 Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229 was amended on the floor of the Senate by rewriting the same and, as amended, was passed and sent to the House. As amended on the floor of the Senate, Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229 read as follows: “G.S. 97-38. is hereby amended by striking out ‘, but shall not continue more than 350 weeks from the date of the injury.’ as the same appears in lines 43 and 44 of such section and by inserting in lieu thereof a period and a new sentence as follows: ‘Compensation payments due on account of death shall be paid for a period of 400 weeks from the date of the death of the employee; provided, however, after said 400 week period in case of a widow or widower who is unable to support herself or himself because of physical or mental disability as of the date of death of the employee, compensation payments shall continue during her or his lifetime or until remarriage and compensation payments due a dependent child shall be continued until such child reaches the age of 18 and beyond such age for such additional time as said child is unable to support herself or himself because of physical or mental disability.’ ” In the House Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229 was amended in committee by rewriting the same and, as amended, was passed in the House on 11 April 1974. As amended and passed in the House, Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229 read as follows: “G.S. 97-38 is hereby amended by striking out ‘, but shall not continue more than 350 weeks from the date of the injury.’ as the same appears in lines 43 and 44 of such section and by inserting in lieu thereof a period and a new sentence as follows: ‘Compensation payments due on account of death shall be paid for a period of 400 weeks from [681] the date of the death of the employee; provided, however, after said 400-week period in case of a widow or widower who is unable to support herself or himself because of physical or mental disability as of the date of death of the employee, compensation payments shall continue during- her or his lifetime or until remarriage and compensation payments due a dependent child shall be continued until such child reaches the age of 18.’ ” As amended in the House, the Bill was sent to the Senate for concurrence. On 11 April 1974 the Senate concurred in the House amendment. The Bill was ratified 12 April 1974. From a reading of the foregoing sequence of legislative action, it is clear that the legislative intent was to provide expanded coverage for two distinct classes of dependents of a deceased employee, i.e., a disabled, unremarried widow or widower and dependent children under the age of 18 years. Although the coverage was not expanded to the full extent envisioned by the original draft of Section 4. of Senate Bill 1229 or as envisioned by the first two redrafts of Section 4., the original intent to expand coverage for the two distinct classes of dependents of a deceased employee was maintained throughout the legislative action. Having arrived at the legislative intent, a proper reading of the statute becomes clear. The provision of the second paragraph of G.S. 97-38, as amended, which relates to dependent children under the age of 18 years, should be read in conjunction with the introductory proviso. When so read, it means “and provided, however, after said 400-week period compensation payments due a dependent child shall be continued until such child reaches the age of 18.” In our opinion Chief Deputy Commissioner Shuford and the Full Commission correctly interpreted the statute as amended. Affirmed. Judges Parker and Arnold concur.