Coppinger v. Republic Natural Gas Co.

PHILLIPS, Chief Judge. Coppinger and Southern,1 a copartnership, brought this action against Republic Natural Gas Company,2 a corporation, to recover damages for the alleged breach of a contract for the drilling of 20 natural gas wells in the Hugoton Gas Field, Stevens County, Kansas. At the trial, the jury returned a verdict in favor of the partnership. The trial court sustained a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, and entered judgment for Republic. The base contract was entered into October 26, 1945. It provides that if the work to be done thereunder “shall not be fully satisfactory to Republic, Republic shall have the right at its option to cancel and terminate this contract insofar as it applies to any well not then already drilled or drilling, by giving notice to such effect to Contractor * * The base contract provided that each well to be drilled thereunder should be covered by a drilling contract in substantially the form attached to the base contract. Between November 20, 1945, and January 5, 1946, nine drilling contracts were entered into, each covering the drilling of a specific well. C. A. Hardy was Republic’s field superintendent in the Hugoton Gas Field. The base contract was entered into upon his recommendation. In disposing of the motion, the trial judge filed a written opinion, brought on the record here, in which he stated, in substance, that the undisputed evidence established that Mr. Huoy and Mr. Howard, vice-presidents of Republic, the latter being a graduate engineer and an experienced driller, conducted an investigation in the field; that they learned the time required by the partnership for completing a well was approximately 12 days longer than that required by other drilling contractors in the field; that Hardy had accepted gifts and entertainment from the partnership and had been guilty of favoritism to the partnership; that the partnership had encountered difficulties in the drilling of the three wells, one of them covered by the base contract; and that the results of the investigation were reported to Mr. Wildes, president of Republic, and that shortly thereafter, on January 15, 1946, Republic discharged Hardy and notified the partnership in writing that operations under the contract had not been “fully satisfactory to Republic,” and that Republic elected to cancel the contract as to any well not drilled or drilling. Since the partnership has brought on the record only the evidence introduced in its behalf, we must accept as correct the statement of the trial court respecting the facts established by Republic’s evidence. Indeed, there is respectable authority holding that a ruling on a motion for a directed verdict, or other like motion, is not reviewable unless the record contains all or substantially all the evidence on which the ruling is based.3 And it is well settled that it is the duty of the trial court to direct a verdict at the close of all the evidence, where the evidence, although conflicting, is of so conclusive a character that the court, in the exercise of sound judicial discretion, ought to set aside a verdict in opposition to it.4 The evidence introduced in behalf of the partnership tended to establish these facts: The partnership completed the nine wells covered by drilling contracts and they were accepted by Republic. Except as hereafter [6] indicated, the drilling of those wells was carried on in a workmanlike manner. The wells were drilled with a rotary drill to a certain depth and then were completed with cable tools. There was considerable delay in certain wells between the completion of the rotary drilling and the starting of the cable tool drilling. Southern testified: “We were behind with our wells just about all the time with the cable tools.” A drilling contract for King Well No. 1 was entered into December 7, 1945. It was spudded in on December 13, 1945. On January 6, 1946, while the partnership was attempting to complete such well with cable tools, a pin jumped between the bit and the stem. The driller in charge continued to pound with the rope socket on top of the stem until the tools were fast in the hole. The following morning Southern discovered the trouble. The partnership had to remove the cable and employ a rotary rig to rotate the pipe in order to fish out the tools. The well was completed on February 10, 1946. A prior contract had been entered into between Republic and the partnership for the drilling of ten wells. That contract had not been completed when the contract involved in the instant case was executed. Under the earlier contract, the partnership commenced the drilling of the Martin Gray Well No. 1 on November 8, 1945. The partnership encountered difficulty in drilling that well and lost the tools and had a fishing job. The partnership also had difficulty in the drilling of the third well and it was necessary for Republic to provide a special liner in order to complete the well. After the partnership received the notice of cancellation, Coppinger took the matter up with Mr. Wildes, president, and Mr. Howard, vice-president, of Republic, and asked them to state the reason for Republic’s dissatisfaction. Both officers told Coppinger that Republic did not have to state a reason for its dissatisfaction, but Wildes told Coppinger that Republic was dissatisfied with the relationship between the partnership and Hardy and inquired with respect to the gifts that the partnership had made to Hardy. Coppinger admitted that the partnership had given Hardy a suit of clothes and some whisky and the usual presents that contractors give to superintendents and had entertained Hardy when he was in the Hugoton area. Both Wildes and Howard also told Coppinger that the work under the contract was unsatisfactory. After the contract was canceled, Republic entered into a contract with the Moran Drilling Company for the drilling of the remainder of the wells. There was no proof that Republic derived any financial advantage under the new contract. The local law of Kansas controls with respect to the legal issues here presented.5 Parties to a contract may lawfully stipulate that performance by one of them shall be fully satisfactory to the other.6 Under such a contract, the party to be satisfied is the judge of his own satisfaction, subject to the limitation that he must act in good faith.7 Here, the burden was upon the partnership to establish by evidence that-Republic’s assertion of dissatisfaction was not made in good faith or was arbitrary or capricious, or was merely feigned dissatisfaction.8 To merely show that Republic should have been satisfied was not enough.9 We agree with the conclusion of the trial court that the evidence adduced [7] by the partnership was insufficient to support a finding that, in asserting its dissatisfaction, Republic acted in bad faith or arbitrarily or capriciously. On the contrary, the undisputed evidence established a reasonable basis for dissatisfaction. It established that the partnership was constantly behind with its cable tool work resulting in substantial delays between the completion of the rotary drilling and the commencement of cable tool drilling; that it took the partnership a substantially longer period than other drilling contractors to complete a well; that there was carelessness in the drilling of the King Well resulting in substantial delay; and that there were improper relations between the partnership and Hardy. The judgment is affirmed. Footnotes [1] Hereinafter called the partnership. [2] Hereinafter called Republic. [3] Board of Com’rs of Lake County v. Sutliff, 8 Cir., 97 F. 270, 275; Taylor Craig Corp. v. Hage, 8 Cir., 69 F. 581; 4 C. J. S., Appeal and Error, § 1172, page 1677. [4] Farr Co. v. Union Pacific R. Co., 10 Cir., 106 F.2d 437, 439; New Amsterdam Casualty Co. v. Farmers’ Co-op. Union, 8 Cir., 2 F.2d 214, 215; Hartl v. Chicago, M. St. P. & P. R. Co., 7 Cir., 73 F.2d 875; Dernberger v. Baltimore & O. R. Co., 4 Cir., 243 F. 21, 24. [5] Erie R. Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188, 114 A.L.R. 1487. [6] Hollingsworth v. Colthurst, 78 Kan. 455, 96 P. 851, 18 L.R.A.,N.S., 741, 130 Am.St.Rep. 382. [7] Hodges v. D. M. Ferry & Co., 92 Kan. 21, 140 P. 102; Gould v. Stewart, 111 Kan. 41, 206 P. 309, 311; Hollingsworth v. Colthurst, 78 Kan. 455, 96 P. 851, 18 L.R.A.,N.S., 741, 130 Am.St. Rep. 382. [8] Union Gas & Fuel Corp. v. Teton Syndicate, 119 Kan. 236, 237 P. 908, 909; Hodges v. D. M. Ferry & Co., 92 Kan. 21, 140 P. 102; Vandenberg v. Board of Education of Wichita, 117 Kan. 48, 230 P. 321, 323. [9] Hollingsworth v. Colthurst, 78 Kan. 455, 96 P. 851, 18 L.R.A.,N.S., 741, 130 Am.St.Rep. 382; Union Gas & Fuel Corp. v. Teton Syndicate, 119 Kan. 236, 237 P. 908, 909.