Yoran v. Sage

Mr. Justice Eakin delivered the opinion of the court. This is an appeal from a judgment of the county court of Lane County, Oregon, assessing damages in favor of applicants in a proceeding establishing a road of public easement. The petition of Sage and Neal, for the establishment of a road and gateway was filed in such court, on July 5, 1907, under the provisions of section 20 of the road law of 1903 (Laws 1903, pp. 262, 269), as amended by the act of 1907 (Laws 1907, p. 255). The petitioners pray for the location and establishment of “a county road and gateway, not less than 10 nor more than 30 feet wide, and that the same be 30 feet wide, from the residence and timber of your petitioners,” namely, from lots 4 and 5, and 6 and 7, in section 20, township 18 S., range 3 W., to the county road near the northwest corner of lot 10 in section 17. Upon the same day the county court ordered the board of county road viewers to “view out and locate a county road and gateway, not less than 10 nor more than 30 feet wide,” as prayed for, and to assess the damages that may be sustained thereby. On July 30, 1907, the viewers filed [589] their report, to the effect that they had selected the route, described in the report as “the proposed road of public easement, 30 feet wide,” and assessed the damages to Yoran, Kays, and Linn at $100, and recommended “that the parties praying for the road be required to only keep up gates on property lines.” Thereafter, on August 9,1907, the county court made an order “that the said roadway and gateway be, and the same is hereby established according to said report and the survey,” and allowed Yoran, Kays, and Linn damages in the sum of $100, which was paid to the court, and the court ordered that gates be established and maintained on property lines, from which order, for the allowance of damages, Yoran, Kays, and Linn appealed to the circuit court, where the issue, as to the amount of damages suffered by them, by reason of the establishment of such road and gateway, was tried before a jury, resulting in a verdict in their favor of $98.20. From the judgment thereon, and for costs against them, Yoran, Kays, and Linn appeal to this court. 1. There are but two questions for consideration, viz: Whether the expense of fencing the roadway should have been submitted to the jury, as an element of the damages; and whether the costs were properly awarded against appellants. In order to understand the elements involved in the question of damages it is well to understand the history of the law providing for such road or gateway. The original law was enacted in 1876, and provided only for “roads of public easement” (Laws 1876, p. 25; Hill’s Ann. Laws 1892, § 4075), which only contemplated an open public road. In 1899 (Laws 1899, p. 164 [Section 4966 B. & C. Comp.]) this law was amended; the only change being to provide for “a county road thirty (30) feet in width, or a gateway not less than 10 nor more than 30 feet in width,” instead of “a road of public easement.” The law of 1903 (Laws 1903, p. 262) is only an amendment of the act of 1899; the change being that the board of county viewers shall [590] locate the road, instead of the special viewers provided in the original law. It must be noticed that the amendment of 1899 does not provide for “a roadway and gateway,” but for a county road 30 feet wide, or a gateway not less than 10 nor more than 30 feet wide. If a county road is petitioned for, then is must be an open road, and must be fenced, and this raises the question for the viewers to determine the damages to the owner of the land in consequence of having his farm divided by a fence, and the various elements of inconvenience arising therefrom, as well as the value of the land taken. Terwilliger v. Multnomah County, 6 Or. 295; Putnam v. Douglas County, 6 Or. 328; (25 Am. Rep. 527). If the fence must be built and maintained by the owner of the land, this also would be for their consideration, but possibly by the terms of section 24 of the act of 1903 (Laws 1903, p. 270) the expense of building and maintaining the fence would be a charge upon the land to which the easement is apurtenant. That question, however, is not before us. If a gateway is petitioned for, no fencing is contemplated, and the only element of damages would be the value of the land taken and the loss and inconvenience occasioned by travel over the land; the erection and maintenance of the gates being at the expense of the petitioner. In Lesley v. Klamath County, 44 Or. 491 (75 Pac. 709) and Shannon v. Malheur County, 48 Or. 617 (87 Pac. 1045), it is held that the petitioner should pray for one of the other of these roads, and not for both, as was done in this case. Nor should it be for a “road or gateway.” But if the petition is in the disjunctive, the court shall determine which may be considered. However, the regularity of the proceeding in this case has not been questioned. An appeal from the assessment of damages only is taken, and both the county court and the circuit court recognized the proceeding as for the establishment of a gateway and not an open road, and so established it. Therefore the expense of fencing cannot be considered [591] as an element of damages, because none is contemplated. 2. As to the question of costs, it is said in McCall v. Marion County, 43 Or. 540 (73 Pac. 1031: 75 Pac. 140), that where a special proceeding for condemnation of land for public purposes is provided by statute, and no provision is made for recovery of costs, they cannot be awarded. This rule would apply to the special proceeding to condemn. But in allowing the costs in that case it is said, that when the question of damages must be tried out as in an ordinary action at law, the general laws on the subject of costs will prevail; and, that being the situation here, respondents were entitled to their costs. The judgment of the lower court is affirmed Affirmed.