Reynolds v. Shobe

SLOAN, J. The trial court, after an evidentiary hearing, denied Reynolds’ petition for post conviction relief. He appeals. The statement of the case in his brief adequately states the question presented on this appeal: “Petitioner brings post-conviction claiming that under the facts of this case his constitutional rights have been invaded. He complains that he was not represented by counsel at the time he waived indictment by the grand jury and entered pleas of guilty to the felony of larceny in a dwelling house and petit larceny. Petitioner further claims that he did not knowingly and understanding^ waive his right to counsel. If petitioner is correct, then this is a constitutional impediment which will void his conviction and entitle him to relief therefrom.” The charge filed against Reynolds and to which he plead guilty was for burglary in a dwelling. When the court considered the facts and passed sentence two days later, the court, on its own motion, reduced the charge to petit larceny. Since the crime for which Reynolds was sentenced was a misdemeanor, it is first necessary to answer the question: Is post conviction relief available to test the constitutional validity of a conviction for a misdemeanor? The statutes provide the direct answer that post conviction relief is not limited to felony convictions. ORS 138.510 permits “* * * any person convicted of a crime under the laws of this state may [580] file a petition for post-conviction relief pursuant to ORS 138.510 to 138.680.” ORS 161.020 defines a crime ag íí* * * an a(q or omission forbidden by law and punishable upon conviction by any of the following-punishments : ÍÉ (1) =& =£ % “(2) Imprisonment «(3) * # U # # # «(5) * * However, this does not require that we now decide that the constitutional right to counsel attaches to persons charged with having committed a misdemeanor. For in the instant case the question of Reynolds’ waiver of the right to counsel occurred when he was charged with a felony. The issue here is his right to counsel on the original felony charge. The thrust of this appeal is that we should overrule McWilliams v. Gladden, 1965, 242 Or 333, 407 P2d 833, and now hold that “[t]here is no waiver without the advice of counsel.” This we are not prepared-to do. A factual question as to whether or not Reynolds knowingly waived his right to counsel was also decided by the post conviction court and presented here. As before mentioned, Reynolds was originally charged with burglary in a dwelling. He was arraigned in the district court and asked for time to see an attorney, which the district court allowed. Immediately thereafter he appeared in the district attorney’s office. Whether he was taken there at his request or at the urging of someone else does not appear. It is not suggested that he was taken against his will or that the district attorney was responsible for his presence there. It also appears that he knew the deputy that [581] he talked with. The nature of the conversation between Eeynolds and the deputy district attorney is somewhat in conflict. At his post conviction hearing Eeynolds claimed that he was induced by promises and coercion to enter a plea of guilty to a district attorney’s information charging larceny in a dwelling. This is contrary to statements made by Eeynolds to the sentencing court. The deputy district attorney testified at the post conviction hearing that he did no more than tell Eeynolds what the maximum penalty for the offense charged would be and answered other questions Eeynolds had asked him relative to how long it would be before the case would be tried and as to questions the court might ask on a plea of guilty. The deputy denied any coercion to obtain the plea. In any event, Eeynolds was taken from the district attorney’s office to the circuit court. The circuit judge explained to Eeynolds his right to have an attorney appointed for his defense and of his right to have the case considered by a grand jury. Eeynolds told the judge that he did not want an attorney nor grand jury consideration and desired immediate disposition of the case. He then signed a waiver of indictment and entered a plea of guilty to an information charging larceny in a dwelling. The court, at that time, took no further action and ordered Eeynolds returned to the court two days later for sentencing. At the sentencing hearing both the district attorney and Eeynolds told the judge the facts relating to the offense charged. At that point the court refused to accept the plea of guilty to larceny in a dwelling and reduced the charge to petit larceny. He suspended a sentence of one year in jail and placed Eeynolds on probation. At the post conviction hearing the court heard the [582] testimony of Reynolds and the attorney who had been the deputy district attorney at the time the sentence was imposed and had before him the record of the proceedings at the plea of guilty and sentence. The problem presented to the post conviction judge in this case was primarily to decide which of the conflicting testimony to believe and to test the credibility of Reynolds’ testimony at the post conviction hearing against statements he had made to the sentencing court. There is nothing in the record which indicates that the court misjudged the credibility of the witnesses. It is also apparent that if there had been any doubt as to Reynolds knowing waiver of his right to counsel at the time he entered the plea of guilty, it was cured at the hearing when sentence was imposed. It is clear from the record of all of the proceedings that Reynolds not only understood what he was doing but that the court fully protected his rights. Affirmed.