Woodburn v. Woodburn

Mr. Justice Craig delivered the opinion of the Court: Peter Ege, executor of the estate of George W. Woodburn, deceased, held four promissory notes against James H. Wood-burn, all dated March 14, 1873, one for the sum of $2000, due in one year, one for $2000, due in two years, one for $2376.50, due in two years, and the other for the sum of $2376.50, due in one year. The notes all drew interest at the rate of ten per cent per annum, and were secured by mortgages executed on the same date that the notes were made: On the 14-th day of March, 1875, Woodburn paid on the notes all interest to that date and $753 on the principal, leaving a balance due on the principal of $8000. On the 13th day of March, 1880, there was due on the four notes the principal sum of $8000, and Woodburn claims that on that day he paid Ege said sum of money in full payment of the notes. He also claims that on the same day he made a new loan to Ege, of $8000, for one year, with interest at the rate of eight per cent. To secure the payment of this latter sum a note was executed by Woodburn, dated March 13, 1880, due in one year, and secured by mortgage on certain real estate, executed on the same day. The original four notes were never surrendered to Woodburn, nor was the mortgage given to secure them cancelled, and the only question presented by this record is whether they were paid. The evidence of payment is in a small compass, and is substantially as follows: Woodburn called on the cashier of the First National Bank of Sterling, and made an agreement with him to answer his check for $8000. The understanding was that the money was not to be drawn from the bank on the check, but when Woodburn’s check on the bank should be presented, the arrangement was that the cashier of the bank should notify the holder that the check was good. After this arrangement Woodburn drew a check for $8000 in favor of Ege, on the First National Bank of Sterling. Ege called af the bank and was informed that the check was good. Then Ege loaned Woodburn $8000, at eight per cent interest, and took the new note and mortgage. There was no money paid over to Woodburn by Ege when this new loan was made,—he merely returned him the check.which he had previously received. If appellant’s theory is correct, here was a debt of $8000 paid and a new loan made of a like amount, and not a single dollar changed hands, nor did either -of the parties have a dollar in money. The truth is, the whole arrangement was a mere subterfuge, resorted to for the purpose of changing the rate of interest from ten to eight per cent. The drawer of the check on the First National Bank had no money in the bank, and it was expressly understood between him and the cashier that no money was to be drawn on the check. Under such circumstances the check was worthless, and could not be treated as payment of the notes. Indeed, the giving of a check where the drawer has funds in the bank to meet the check, is not ordinarily regarded as payment, but it is treated as the means to procure the money. The holder in such case becomes the agent of the drawer to collect the money. (Brown v. Leckie, 43 Ill. 497; 2 Parsons on Contracts, 623.) Ege, the holder of the four notes, never received any sum of money whatever in payment of the $8000 conceded to be due on the. 13th day of ■ March, 1880, and the debt remains unsatisfied. The scheme devised by Woodburn and Ege, the holder of the notes, and the cashier of the bank, was a nullity, and binding upon no one. It follows that the decision of the circuit court holding that the four notes were unpaid, was correct. The judgment of the Appellate Court will be affirmed. Judgment affirmed.