People ex rel. Hill v. Deneen

Mr. Justice Farmer delivered the opinion of the court: This is an original proceeding in this court for a writ of mandamus■ The petition alleges that the relator, George W. Hill, is a citizen and resident within the territory forming the fifty-first senatorial district of Illinois; that more than thirty-three days before the primary election was held, April 9, 1912, the senatorial committee of the republican party in and for said district met and determined that only two candidates for representative in the General Assembly should be nominated by the republican party in said district at said primary election, which determination was evidenced by a resolution adopted, certified and filed in accordance with the provisions of the Primary Election law for the nomination of candidates for representative in the General Assembly. The petition alleges that there were three candidates on the primary ballot for nomination to' the office of representative in the General Assembly in the said fifty-first senatorial district by the republican party, viz., the petitioner, George B. Baker and Elwood Barker. The petition alleges that according to the returns certified to the Secretary of State by the canvassing boards of the respective counties comprising the fifty-first senatorial district the total vote cast in said district at said primary election for the nomination of petitioner was 7189 votes, of Barker 72053/2 votes and of Baker 10,02134 votes According to these returns Barker’s majority over the petitioner was 1634 votes. Petitioner alleges that before the returns were sent to the Secretary of State he learned that in two precincts of Hamilton county, where only one candidate.was voted for for representative and the ballot was not otherwise marked for that office, the judges of election in said precincts counted the ballot as one vote, only, for such candidate. The petitioner thereupon gave notice to Barker, the county canvassing board of Hamilton county and the State canvassing board that he intended to contest the nomination of said Barker “in the said precinct of Beaver creek and in Flannigan precinct No. 2, in said county of Hamilton, in the county court of said county,” and on the fifteenth day of April, 1912, filed his petition for said contest in the county court of said county. The contest was heard in the county court in vacation, April 18. The ballots were opened and counted, and the county court found and decreed that Baker received 24 votes in said precincts, Barker 36 and petitioner 117. In accordance with the decree of the county court the county canvassing board of Hamilton county re-convened on April 19 and corrected the returns as directed by the order and decree. As corrected the returns showed the petitioner received in Hamilton county 187854 votes instead of 180634 votes, as shown by the original canvass. These figures changed the total result in the district and gave Hill a majority over Barker for the nomination. Corrected returns and tabulation of the vote of Hamilton county in accordance with the directions made under the decree of the county court were sent to the Secretary of State, at Springfield. The petition alleges that the State canvassing board refused to consider the corrected returns from Hamilton county, but upon the basis of the original canvass and returns declared Baker and Barker the nominees of the republican party for representative in the General Assembly from the fifty-first senatorial district to be voted for at the general election November 5, 1912. The petition prays for a writ of mandamus directing the State canvassing board to declare petitioner, instead of Barker, as one of the republican nominees for representative and to file a certificate to that effect in the Secretary of State’s office; that the Secretary of State be commanded to issue to petitioner a certificate of nomination, and to certify to the county clerks of said district the name of petitioner as one' of said nominees in accordance with the provisions of the Primary Election law, and that Barker be commanded to deliver up to the Secretary of State the certificate of nomination heretofore issued to him. The cause was heard on issues of law raised by a demurrer to the petition. The case was decided during the October term and an oral announcement made denying the writ. While other questions are raised by the demurrer and discussed in the briefs, the question raised as to the jurisdiction of the county court is decisive of this case. Two acts governing the nominations of public officers by primary elections were passed by the legislature in special session in 1910. One of them relates to the nomination of candidates for other than senatorial offices, and contains express provisions for the contest of nominations of candidates at the primary. That act contains eighty sections. Another act passed at the same special session relates only to the nomination of candidates for senator and representatives in the General Assembly. It contains but fourteen sections. No express provision is found in that act relating to contests of nominations, except that the first clause of section 13 reads : “Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, each, every and all of the provisions of any act relating to the holding of primary elections by political parties, passed by this extraordinary session of the General Assembly, and acts hereafter passed amendatory thereof, shall, so far as the same may be applicable, apply to and govern primary elections held under the provisions of this act.” (Laws of 1910,— Special Sess.—p. 81.) Section 62 of what may be called the general act relating to nominations by primary elections provides: “Any candidate whose name appears upon the primary ballot of any political party in any precinct may contest the election of the candidates nominated by his political party upon the face of the returns, if he so desires, * * * by filing with the clerk of the county court, except in the case of candidates for the nomination for State, congressional and senatorial offices and for the office of county judge, a petition in writing, setting forth the grounds of contest. * * * In the case of a contest for the nomination for State and congressional offices and for the office of county judge, said petition shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the circuit court.” This section confers the right upon “any candidate whose name appears upon the primary ballot of any political party” to contest the nomination of opposing candidates of his political party. The county court is given jurisdiction to hear contests for the nomination of all candidates except candidates for State, congressional and senatorial offices and the office of county judge. The evident purpose of the legislature was to give jurisdiction to the circuit court to contest nominations for those offices. Contests as to those offices were expressly excluded from the jurisdiction of the county court. Evidently by accident, senatorial offices were not expressly mentioned with those named as to which the circuit court should have jurisdiction to hear contests. We are of opinion that this accidental omission is so apparent, and the first part of the section is so general and positive that any candidate whose name appears upon the primary ballot of any political party may contest the nomination of an opposing candidate, that it must be held a candidate for representative in the General Assembly has the right to contest the nomination of an opposing candidate. If such right exists, the jurisdiction to hear the contest is in the circuit court. The contest cannot be heard by the county court, for the statute expressly denies jurisdiction to that court to hear contests for the nominations for senatorial offices. In our view, contests for nominations for those offices must be in the circuit court, but whether we are. correct in this view or not, it is certain the county court of Hamilton county had no jurisdiction to hear the contest. Its decree, therefore, was void and was properly disregarded by the State canvassing board. Writ denied