People ex rel. Ryan v. Chicago & Alton Railroad

Mr. Justice Carter delivered the opinion of the court: This is an appeal from the judgment of the county court of Logan county against the property of appellant for taxes for the year 1914. ■Appellant first objects to its part of the county tax, including the item of $22,500 “for the payment of fees and salaries and clerk hire of the various county officers.” It is objected, first, as to this item, that it is for more than one purpose and fails to designate the amount for each purpose separately. It is not. necessary or practicable that each particular purpose for which a tax is levied shall be specifically stated. No valid objection can be urged to levying a gross sum for several different purposes where the several purposes are embraced within the same general designation. (People v. Bowman, 253 Ill. 234; People v. Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Co. 266 id. 196.) In People v. Illinois Central Railroad Co. 271 Ill. 236, a levy “for fees and salaries, $1000,” was held valid. No distinction can be made between that case and this as to separating the items for which the levy was made. The fees, salaries and clerk hire of the various county officers were properly included in the levy under the same general designation. The proof taken on the hearing showed that the fees, salaries and clerk hire for these officers for the year in question amounted to $9926. The county court sustained objections to all of this item in excess of this last named amount. It is insisted that as part of the levy was illegal the whole levy was therefore necessarily illegal, and parol evidence was improperly received to show what part was for an amount unauthorized by law; that the records of the county court cannot be changed or varied by parol testimony. It has always been a rule of law in this State that if a part of an assessment is illegal and that which is legal can be separated from that which is illegal, judgment can, and should, be rendered only for that which is legal. (Briscoe v. Allison, 43 Ill. 290; People v. Nichols, 49 id. 517; Mix v. People, 72 id. 241; Cincinnati, Indianapolis and Western Railway Co. v. People, 212 id. 518; 1 Cooley on Taxation,—3d ed.—591, 592, and cases cited; 21 Ency. of Pl. & Pr. 419.) This court in People v. Toledo, St. Louis and Western Railroad Co. 265 Ill. 502, and People v. Toledo, St. Louis and Western Railroad Co. 266 id. 112, permitted the separation of legal from illegal assessments on practically the same items that are here involved and sustained the tax for that portion which was legal. The authorities cited by counsel to the effect that the acts of public bodies must be shown by the record and that the record can not be changed or varied by parol are not in point here. No attempt is made to change the record showing the levy made by the county board. The oral testimony is only to show what part of that levy was legal and what illegal. The county court rightly sustained the tax as to the levy for the portion of this item that was shown by the testimony to be legal. Counsel for appellant filed various objections as to the road and bridge taxes for several of the towns of Logan county. As to Prairie Creek township it was objected that there was no record of the meeting of the commissioners on the first Tuesday of September, as required by law. The town clerk is the clerk of the highway commissioners. His record shows a meeting of the board of town auditors on that day, and on the same day, as a part of the same record, appears the record of the action of the highway commissioners making a levy of $6700 for road and bridge purposes. Such a record was held sufficient in People v. Cincinnati, Lafayette and Chicago Railroad Co. 270 Ill. 516. See, also, People v. Wabash Railroad Co. 271 Ill. 206. It is objected further that in Sheridan township there was no meeting on the first Tuesday in September. A record of such a meeting was not introduced and no proof was offered that there was no such record. Appellant apparently relies upon the testimony of the town clerk that no special meeting was held for the purpose of certifying the amount to be levied for road and bridge purposes. The action of the highway commissioners can only bfe shown from the record. If a meeting was held and no action taken this fact could be shown by the record, or if no meeting was held that fact could be put in evidence by testimony that the records did not show any such meeting. The absence of such a meeting cannot be proved by the testimony of the town clerk that no special meeting of the highway commissioners was held for the purpose of certifying the amount to be levied. Counsel for appellant argue at length as to the illegality of the road and bridge taxes for the towns of Atlanta, Broadwell, Hurlbut and Corwin. In each of those cases the records of the highway commissioners were originally faulty as to one or both meetings for fixing the rate and certifying the amount of the tax to be levied, but amendments to the record were permitted in each instance, and as amended the record showed that the meeting had been held and proper action taken fixing the rate in August and fixing and ordering the proper amount to be certified at the September meeting. There can be no question, if these amendments were properly allowed, the trial court rightly overruled the objections to the road and bridge taxes as to these four towns. (People v. Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway Co. 271 Ill. 195; People v. Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway Co. 271 id. 203; People v. Illinois Central Railroad Co. 271 id. 213, and cases cited.) It is argued at length, however, by counsel for appellant, that the proof offered was not such as to justify the amendments in each case; that the testi7 mony indicates that the. commissioners or town clerk in some of these towns, under the advice of counsel, practically manufactured the testimony to have it meet the requirements of the law. We do not deem it necessary to review the evidence for each town in detail. It is sufficient to say that we think there is no basis for any such charge. The evidence in each case was so clear and satisfactory as to justify the amendments in question. The court rightly overruled the objections to the road and bridge taxes for these four towns. Counsel for appellant further object to the road and bridge tax for the town of Elkhart. The town clerk’s record only shows that the board determined, at the meeting on the first Tuesday in September, that there should be levied upon the taxable property of the town for the construction and maintenance of roads and bridges the sum of fifty-eight cents on each $100, and the clerk testified that this was the only meeting shown by the records to have been held in September for the purpose of certifying the amount. The county clerk testified that the highway commissioners of this town certified to him a levy of the sum of $7500 for the road and bridge taxes for the year 1914 and that on this certificate he extended the levy. Section 56 of the Road and Bridge law requires that “at a regular meeting to be held on the first Tuesday in September the board of highway commissioners in each town or road district shall annually determine and certify to the board of supervisors or board of county commissioners the amount necessary to be raised by taxation for the proper construetion, maintenance and repair of roads and bridges in such town or road district.” This action can only be shown by the record of this meeting of the highway commissioners to be kept by the town clerk. The record here shows that they did not take the necessary action to determine the amount but only fixed the rate. (People v. Illinois Central Railroad Co. 270 Ill. 485; People v. Toledo, St. Louis and Western Railroad Co. 266 id. 112; People v. New York Central Railroad Co. 271 id. 231.) Had the certificate that they sent to the county clerk been originally incorporated as a part of the town clerk’s record of the meeting held on the first Tuesday of September, or had it been made a part of the record by amendment on satisfactory proof at the time of the hearing in the court below, or had the record been duly amended otherwise to show the fact that the commissioners did fix the amount, then, under the decisions of this court, it would have authorized this levy. . (People v. Cincinnati, Lafayette and Chicago Railroad Co. supra; People v. Wabash Railroad Co. supra; People v. Illinois Central Railroad Co. supra.) But on this record now before us the objection to this tax should have been sustained by the trial court. The judgment of the county court will be affirmed as to the county taxes and as to the road and bridge taxes of the towns of Prairie Creek, Sheridan, Atlanta, Broadwell, Hurlbut and Corwin, and the judgment will be reversed as to the road and bridge taxes of the town of Elkhart, and the cause remanded to the county court, with directions to sustain the objections to the road and bridge taxes for that town. Reversed in part and remanded, zvith directions.